Abstract
Soil salinity imposes pronounced barriers on agricultural productivity by negatively affecting plant growth, morphological traits, and key physiological and biochemical processes. Nanotechnology holds transformative potential for sustainable agriculture by improving enabling precision farming and boosting crop productivity with minimal environmental impact. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO 2 -NPs) in alleviating salt stress in tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ) plants. We determined the effect of SiO 2 -NPs (50 ppm) on mitigating salt (50 mM) stress in S. lycopersicum by examining various growth attributes and metabolic indicators. The findings demonstrated that SiO 2 -NPs significantly enhanced S. lycopersicum resistance to salt stress. Under salt stress, S. lycopersicum plants showed decreases in net photosynthetic rate (33.41%), reducing sugar (11.67%), and protein content (37.21%), along with increases in total alkaloids (18.67%), proline content (16.21%), and the activities of superoxide dismutase (76.42%) and peroxidase (55.73%). The foliar application of SiO 2 -NPs significantly enhanced salinity tolerance in S. lycopersicum , as indicated by reductions of 24.15% in malondialdehyde and 29.31% in hydrogen peroxide levels, accompanied by increases of 32.47% in SPAD value, 17.13% in protein content, 16.54% in reducing sugar, and 13.44% in total carbohydrate content. Collectively, these findings highlight the promising role of SiO 2 -NPs in mitigating salt-induced damage in S. lycopersicum by enhancing antioxidant defense, stabilizing cellular structures, and improving key physiological and metabolic functions. This study provides valuable insights into the potential application of SiO 2 -NPs as an effective nanotechnological strategy for enhancing salinity tolerance and sustaining crop productivity under saline conditions.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
SiO2 nanoparticles significantly enhanced the resistance of tomato to salt stress.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- SiO 2 -NPse2
- Outcome
- resistance to salt stresse2
- Direction
- enhancede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum )”
e2“SiO 2 -NPs significantly enhanced S. lycopersicum resistance to salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, net photosynthetic rate of tomato decreased by 33.41%.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicumSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- salt stresse1
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic ratee1
- Direction
- decreasese1
- Value
- 33.41%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum )”
e1“Under salt stress, S. lycopersicum plants showed decreases in net photosynthetic rate (33.41%), reducing sugar (11.67%), and protein content (37.21%), along with increases in total alkaloids (18.67%), proline content (16.21%), and the activities of superoxide dismutase (76.42%) and peroxidase (55.73%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, reducing sugar of tomato decreased by 11.67%.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicumSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- salt stresse1
- Outcome
- reducing sugare1
- Direction
- decreasese1
- Value
- 11.67%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum )”
e1“Under salt stress, S. lycopersicum plants showed decreases in net photosynthetic rate (33.41%), reducing sugar (11.67%), and protein content (37.21%), along with increases in total alkaloids (18.67%), proline content (16.21%), and the activities of superoxide dismutase (76.42%) and peroxidase (55.73%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, protein content of tomato decreased by 37.21%.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicumSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- salt stresse1
- Outcome
- protein contente1
- Direction
- decreasese1
- Value
- 37.21%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum )”
e1“Under salt stress, S. lycopersicum plants showed decreases in net photosynthetic rate (33.41%), reducing sugar (11.67%), and protein content (37.21%), along with increases in total alkaloids (18.67%), proline content (16.21%), and the activities of superoxide dismutase (76.42%) and peroxidase (55.73%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, total alkaloids of tomato increased by 18.67%.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicumSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- salt stresse1
- Outcome
- total alkaloidse1
- Direction
- increasese1
- Value
- 18.67%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum )”
e1“Under salt stress, S. lycopersicum plants showed decreases in net photosynthetic rate (33.41%), reducing sugar (11.67%), and protein content (37.21%), along with increases in total alkaloids (18.67%), proline content (16.21%), and the activities of superoxide dismutase (76.42%) and peroxidase (55.73%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, proline content of tomato increased by 16.21%.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicumSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- salt stresse1
- Outcome
- proline contente1
- Direction
- increasese1
- Value
- 16.21%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum )”
e1“Under salt stress, S. lycopersicum plants showed decreases in net photosynthetic rate (33.41%), reducing sugar (11.67%), and protein content (37.21%), along with increases in total alkaloids (18.67%), proline content (16.21%), and the activities of superoxide dismutase (76.42%) and peroxidase (55.73%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, superoxide dismutase activity of tomato increased by 76.42%.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicumSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- salt stresse1
- Outcome
- activities of superoxide dismutasee1
- Direction
- increasese1
- Value
- 76.42%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum )”
e1“Under salt stress, S. lycopersicum plants showed decreases in net photosynthetic rate (33.41%), reducing sugar (11.67%), and protein content (37.21%), along with increases in total alkaloids (18.67%), proline content (16.21%), and the activities of superoxide dismutase (76.42%) and peroxidase (55.73%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, peroxidase activity of tomato increased by 55.73%.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicumSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- salt stresse1
- Outcome
- peroxidasee1
- Direction
- increasese1
- Value
- 55.73%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum )”
e1“Under salt stress, S. lycopersicum plants showed decreases in net photosynthetic rate (33.41%), reducing sugar (11.67%), and protein content (37.21%), along with increases in total alkaloids (18.67%), proline content (16.21%), and the activities of superoxide dismutase (76.42%) and peroxidase (55.73%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of SiO2 nanoparticles reduced malondialdehyde in salt-stressed tomato by 24.15%.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicumSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- foliar application of SiO 2 -NPse3
- Outcome
- malondialdehydee3
- Direction
- reductionse3
- Value
- 24.15%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum )”
e3“The foliar application of SiO 2 -NPs significantly enhanced salinity tolerance in S. lycopersicum , as indicated by reductions of 24.15% in malondialdehyde and 29.31% in hydrogen peroxide levels, accompanied by increases of 32.47% in SPAD value, 17.13% in protein content, 16.54% in reducing sugar, and 13.44% in total carbohydrate content”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of SiO2 nanoparticles reduced hydrogen peroxide levels in salt-stressed tomato by 29.31%.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicumSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- foliar application of SiO 2 -NPse3
- Outcome
- hydrogen peroxide levelse3
- Direction
- reductionse3
- Value
- 29.31%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum )”
e3“The foliar application of SiO 2 -NPs significantly enhanced salinity tolerance in S. lycopersicum , as indicated by reductions of 24.15% in malondialdehyde and 29.31% in hydrogen peroxide levels, accompanied by increases of 32.47% in SPAD value, 17.13% in protein content, 16.54% in reducing sugar, and 13.44% in total carbohydrate content”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of SiO2 nanoparticles increased SPAD value of salt-stressed tomato by 32.47%.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicumSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- foliar application of SiO 2 -NPse3
- Outcome
- SPAD valuee3
- Direction
- increasese3
- Value
- 32.47%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum )”
e3“The foliar application of SiO 2 -NPs significantly enhanced salinity tolerance in S. lycopersicum , as indicated by reductions of 24.15% in malondialdehyde and 29.31% in hydrogen peroxide levels, accompanied by increases of 32.47% in SPAD value, 17.13% in protein content, 16.54% in reducing sugar, and 13.44% in total carbohydrate content”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of SiO2 nanoparticles increased protein content of salt-stressed tomato by 17.13%.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicumSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- foliar application of SiO 2 -NPse3
- Outcome
- protein contente3
- Direction
- increasese3
- Value
- 17.13%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum )”
e3“The foliar application of SiO 2 -NPs significantly enhanced salinity tolerance in S. lycopersicum , as indicated by reductions of 24.15% in malondialdehyde and 29.31% in hydrogen peroxide levels, accompanied by increases of 32.47% in SPAD value, 17.13% in protein content, 16.54% in reducing sugar, and 13.44% in total carbohydrate content”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of SiO2 nanoparticles increased reducing sugar of salt-stressed tomato by 16.54%.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicumSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- foliar application of SiO 2 -NPse3
- Outcome
- reducing sugare3
- Direction
- increasese3
- Value
- 16.54%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum )”
e3“The foliar application of SiO 2 -NPs significantly enhanced salinity tolerance in S. lycopersicum , as indicated by reductions of 24.15% in malondialdehyde and 29.31% in hydrogen peroxide levels, accompanied by increases of 32.47% in SPAD value, 17.13% in protein content, 16.54% in reducing sugar, and 13.44% in total carbohydrate content”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of SiO2 nanoparticles increased total carbohydrate content of salt-stressed tomato by 13.44%.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicumSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- foliar application of SiO 2 -NPse3
- Outcome
- total carbohydrate contente3
- Direction
- increasese3
- Value
- 13.44%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum )”
e3“The foliar application of SiO 2 -NPs significantly enhanced salinity tolerance in S. lycopersicum , as indicated by reductions of 24.15% in malondialdehyde and 29.31% in hydrogen peroxide levels, accompanied by increases of 32.47% in SPAD value, 17.13% in protein content, 16.54% in reducing sugar, and 13.44% in total carbohydrate content”
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See all 43 papers →8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.