Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani is a soil-borne fungus causing sheath blight disease in cereal crops including rice. Genetic resistance to sheath blight disease in cereal crops is not well understood in most of the host(s). Aside from this, a comparative study on the different hosts at the biochemical and proteomic level upon R. solani infection was not reported earlier. Here, we performed proteomic based analysis and studied defense pathways among cultivated rice (cv. Pusa Basmati-1), wild rice accession (Oryza grandiglumis), and barley (cv. NDB-1445) after inoculation with R. solani. Increased levels of phenol, peroxidase, and β-1, 3-glucanase were observed in infected tissue as compared to the control in all of the hosts. Wild rice accession O. grandiglumis showed a higher level of biochemical signals than barley cv. NDB 1445 and cultivated rice cv. Pusa Basmati-1. Using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) and mass spectrometry (MS), differently expressed proteins were also studied in control and after inoculation with R. solani. Wild rice accession O. grandiglumis induced a cysteine protease inhibitor and zinc finger proteins, which have defense functions and resistance against fungal pathogens. On the other hand, barley cv. NDB-1445 and cultivated rice cv. Pusa Basmati-1 mainly induce energy metabolism-related proteins/signals after inoculation with R. solani in comparison to wild rice accession O. grandiglumis. The present comprehensive study of R. solani interaction using three hosts, namely, Pusa Basmati-1 (cultivated rice), O. grandiglumis (wild rice), and NDB-1445 (barley) would interpret wider possibilities in the dissection of the protein(s) induced during the infection process. These proteins may further be correlated to the gene(s) and other related molecular tools that will help for the marker-assisted breeding and/or gene editing for this distressing disease among the major cereal crops.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Infected cultivated rice tissue had higher phenol, peroxidase and β-1, 3-glucanase levels than controls.
- Taxon
- Cultivated Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- infected tissuee0
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solani
Rhizoctonia solanit1pathogen - Outcome
- levels of phenol, peroxidase, and β-1, 3-glucanasee0
- Direction
- Increasede0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increased levels of phenol, peroxidase, and β-1, 3-glucanase were observed in infected tissue as compared to the control in all of the hosts”
t0“Cultivated Rice”
t1“Rhizoctonia solani”
Claim · model-written summary
Infected wild rice tissue had higher phenol, peroxidase and β-1, 3-glucanase levels than controls.
- Treatment
- infected tissuee0
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solaniRhizoctonia solanit1pathogen
- Outcome
- levels of phenol, peroxidase, and β-1, 3-glucanasee0
- Direction
- Increasede0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increased levels of phenol, peroxidase, and β-1, 3-glucanase were observed in infected tissue as compared to the control in all of the hosts”
t0“Wild Rice”
t1“Rhizoctonia solani”
Claim · model-written summary
Infected barley tissue had higher phenol, peroxidase and β-1, 3-glucanase levels than controls.
- Taxon
- Barley
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Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- infected tissuee0
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solaniRhizoctonia solanit1pathogen
- Outcome
- levels of phenol, peroxidase, and β-1, 3-glucanasee0
- Direction
- Increasede0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Increased levels of phenol, peroxidase, and β-1, 3-glucanase were observed in infected tissue as compared to the control in all of the hosts”
t0“Barley”
t1“Rhizoctonia solani”
Claim · model-written summary
Wild rice accession O. grandiglumis showed higher biochemical signal levels than barley NDB 1445 and cultivated rice Pusa Basmati-1.
- Taxon
- O. grandiglumis
Oryza grandiglumise0 - Material
- O. grandiglumise0
- Outcome
- biochemical signalse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- barley cv. NDB 1445 and cultivated rice cv. Pusa Basmati-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wild rice accession O. grandiglumis showed a higher level of biochemical signals than barley cv. NDB 1445 and cultivated rice cv. Pusa Basmati-1”
Claim · model-written summary
After inoculation, wild rice O. grandiglumis induced a cysteine protease inhibitor and zinc finger proteins with defense functions.
- Taxon
- O. grandiglumisOryza grandiglumise0
- Treatment
- inoculation with R. solanie1
- Interactor
- R. solaniRhizoctonia solanie1pathogen
- Gene
- cysteine protease inhibitor and zinc finger proteinse0
- Outcome
- induced a cysteine protease inhibitor and zinc finger proteinse0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wild rice accession O. grandiglumis induced a cysteine protease inhibitor and zinc finger proteins, which have defense functions and resistance against fungal pathogens”
e1“proteomic based analysis and studied defense pathways among cultivated rice (cv. Pusa Basmati-1), wild rice accession (Oryza grandiglumis), and barley (cv. NDB-1445) after inoculation with R. solani”
Claim · model-written summary
Barley NDB-1445 mainly induced energy metabolism-related proteins or signals after inoculation, relative to wild rice.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Material
- NDB-1445e0
- Treatment
- inoculation with R. solanie0
- Interactor
- R. solaniRhizoctonia solanie0pathogen
- Outcome
- energy metabolism-related proteins/signalse0
- Direction
- inducee0
- Comparator
- wild rice accession O. grandiglumise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“barley cv. NDB-1445 and cultivated rice cv. Pusa Basmati-1 mainly induce energy metabolism-related proteins/signals after inoculation with R. solani in comparison to wild rice accession O. grandiglumis”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivated rice Pusa Basmati-1 mainly induced energy metabolism-related proteins or signals after inoculation, relative to wild rice.
- Taxon
- cultivated riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- Pusa Basmati-1e0
- Treatment
- inoculation with R. solanie0
- Interactor
- R. solaniRhizoctonia solanie0pathogen
- Outcome
- energy metabolism-related proteins/signalse0
- Direction
- inducee0
- Comparator
- wild rice accession O. grandiglumise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“barley cv. NDB-1445 and cultivated rice cv. Pusa Basmati-1 mainly induce energy metabolism-related proteins/signals after inoculation with R. solani in comparison to wild rice accession O. grandiglumis”
The same questions in other papers
infection · Rhizoctonia solani · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
infection · Rhizoctonia solani · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.