Abstract
In the old course of the Yellow River area, most orchards are over-applied with nitrogen (N) fertilizers. To improve N management in this area, a 15N tracing experiment was conducted to investigate the absorption, distribution and loss of spring-topdressing urea in pear orchards from March to August 2019. The 7-year-old Sucui 1 pear was used as the test material, and 277.5 g of ordinary urea and 15 g of 15N-urea N were evenly applied to each plant. The N absorption, distribution and utilization efficiency of different organs from the flowering stage to the post-harvest stage were analyzed, and the residual and loss of N in the soil were also discussed. The N fertilizer utilization rate increased with the advancement of the phenological period. The N fertilizer utilization rate in the full bloom period is 10.39%, which is the fastest growing period, and reached a maximum of 23.62% in the post-harvest stage. In the young fruit stage, the amount of N derived from labeled fertilizer (%Ndff) of the fruit was only 1.02%, and most of the new vegetative organs were above 1%. Residual amount in the 20–40 cm soil layer was significantly higher than that in other soil layers. Direction of N fertilizer is N fertilizer loss>soil residue>tree absorption. N loss in the fruit expansion stage and the harvest stage is higher, which are 3.76 g and 3.74 g, respectively. N utilization rate in this area is low throughout the year. There is nutrient competition between reproductive growth and vegetative growth, which can be effectively alleviated by spring top-dressing. The N loss during fruit expansion and harvesting is serious. Attention should be paid to split fertilizer application and the timely supplementation of an appropriate amount of N fertilizer to improve N use efficiency.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
The N fertilizer utilization rate of the pear trees increased with the advancement of the phenological period.
- Taxon
- pear
_Poirier_Fleurs_et_feuilles.jpg?width=60)
Pyrus communise0 - Organ / stage
- phenological periode1
- Outcome
- N fertilizer utilization ratee1
- Direction
- increasede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Poirier_Fleurs_et_feuilles.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Sucui 1 pear”
e1“The N fertilizer utilization rate increased with the advancement of the phenological period”
Claim · model-written summary
In the full bloom period the N fertilizer utilization rate was 10.39%, the fastest growing period.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communise0
- Organ / stage
- full bloom periode1
- Outcome
- N fertilizer utilization ratee1
- Value
- 10.39%e1
- Qualifier
- fastest growing periode1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sucui 1 pear”
e1“The N fertilizer utilization rate in the full bloom period is 10.39%, which is the fastest growing period”
Claim · model-written summary
The N fertilizer utilization rate reached a maximum of 23.62% in the post-harvest stage.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communise0
- Organ / stage
- post-harvest stagee1
- Outcome
- N fertilizer utilization ratee1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 23.62%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sucui 1 pear”
e1“The N fertilizer utilization rate in the full bloom period is 10.39%, which is the fastest growing period, and reached a maximum of 23.62% in the post-harvest stage”
Claim · model-written summary
In the young fruit stage the share of N derived from labeled fertilizer (%Ndff) in the fruit was only 1.02%.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communise0
- Organ / stage
- young fruit stagee1
- Outcome
- amount of N derived from labeled fertilizer (%Ndff)e1
- Direction
- lowerinferrede1
- Value
- 1.02%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sucui 1 pear”
e1“In the young fruit stage, the amount of N derived from labeled fertilizer (%Ndff) of the fruit was only 1.02%”
Claim · model-written summary
In the young fruit stage the %Ndff of most new vegetative organs was above 1%.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communise0
- Organ / stage
- new vegetative organse1
- Outcome
- amount of N derived from labeled fertilizer (%Ndff)e1
- Direction
- abovee1
- Value
- above 1%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sucui 1 pear”
e1“In the young fruit stage, the amount of N derived from labeled fertilizer (%Ndff) of the fruit was only 1.02%, and most of the new vegetative organs were above 1%”
Claim · model-written summary
Residual N in the 20-40 cm soil layer was significantly higher than in other soil layers.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communise0
- Outcome
- Residual amounte1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- other soil layerse1
- Setting
- 20–40 cm soil layere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sucui 1 pear”
e1“Residual amount in the 20–40 cm soil layer was significantly higher than that in other soil layers”
Claim · model-written summary
The fate of the applied N fertilizer ranked N fertilizer loss > soil residue > tree absorption.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communise0
- Outcome
- Direction of N fertilizere1
- Direction
- N fertilizer loss>soil residue>tree absorptione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sucui 1 pear”
e1“Direction of N fertilizer is N fertilizer loss>soil residue>tree absorption”
Claim · model-written summary
N loss in the fruit expansion stage was higher, at 3.76 g.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communise0
- Organ / stage
- fruit expansion stagee1
- Outcome
- N losse1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 3.76 ge1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sucui 1 pear”
e1“N loss in the fruit expansion stage and the harvest stage is higher, which are 3.76 g and 3.74 g, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
N loss in the harvest stage was higher, at 3.74 g.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sucui 1 pear”
e1“N loss in the fruit expansion stage and the harvest stage is higher, which are 3.76 g and 3.74 g, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
N utilization rate in the area is low throughout the year.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communise0
- Outcome
- N utilization ratee1
- Direction
- lowe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sucui 1 pear”
e1“N utilization rate in this area is low throughout the year”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors state that there is nutrient competition between reproductive growth and vegetative growth in the pear trees.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communise0
- Outcome
- nutrient competition between reproductive growth and vegetative growthe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sucui 1 pear”
e1“There is nutrient competition between reproductive growth and vegetative growth”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors state that spring top-dressing can effectively alleviate the nutrient competition between reproductive and vegetative growth.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communise0
- Treatment
- spring top-dressinge1
- Outcome
- nutrient competition between reproductive growth and vegetative growthe1
- Direction
- alleviatede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sucui 1 pear”
e1“There is nutrient competition between reproductive growth and vegetative growth, which can be effectively alleviated by spring top-dressing”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend split fertilizer application and timely supplementation of an appropriate amount of N fertilizer to improve N use efficiency.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communise0
- Outcome
- split fertilizer application and the timely supplementation of an appropriate amount of N fertilizere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sucui 1 pear”
e1“Attention should be paid to split fertilizer application and the timely supplementation of an appropriate amount of N fertilizer to improve N use efficiency”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · growth · Pyrus communis (pear)Positive and negative results
22 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- positive
21 papers more in this group
See all 25 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.