Abstract
An experiment was conducted at the Fruit Research Farm of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab during 2019–20 to study the impact of mineral nutrients on fruit drop, powdery mildew and quality attributes of ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.) cv. Umran. A 15 year’s old ber plants were sprayed with nutrients like calcium nitrate @0.25 and 0.50%; potassium sulphate @0.25 and 0.50%; boric acid @0.40 and 0.60% and liquid sulphur @0.25 and 0.50% along with control (water spray) during mid-November, mid-December and mid-January (2019–20). Fruit drop and powdery mildew incidence was recorded periodically from November-March. Ber fruits were analysed for physical and bio-chemical parameters after harvesting. Among all the foliar applications, potassium sulphate @0.50% resulted in minimum fruit drop (65.52%). Maximum fruit length (4.86 cm), fruit diameter (3.06 cm), pulp content (93.96%) and fruit colour values (59.50, -4.0 and 33.46) was also recorded in potassium sulphate applied @0.50%. Maximum TSS (15.63 0B), TSS/acid ratio (120.23), ascorbic acid content (110.25 mg/100 g), total sugars (12.70%), reducing sugars (5.75%), non-reducing sugars (6.60%) and minimum titrable acidity (0.130%) was recorded with boric acid @0.60% which was statistically at par with potassium sulphate @0.50%. However, minimum incidence of powdery mildew was observed in liquid sulphur (0.50%) followed by potassium sulphate (0.50%). From the present studies, it is concluded that 3 foliar applications of potassium sulphate @0.50% resulted in improved quality attributes, reduction in fruit drop as well as reduced incidence of powdery mildew in ber cv. Umran.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium sulphate at 0.50% gave minimum fruit drop of 65.52%.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“potassium sulphate @0.50% resulted in minimum fruit drop (65.52%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium sulphate at 0.50% gave maximum fruit length of 4.86 cm.
- Taxon
- ber
Ziziphus mauritianat0 - Treatment
- potassium sulphate applied @0.50%e0
- Outcome
- fruit lengthe0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 4.86 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“ber (Ziziphus mauritiana)”
e0“Maximum fruit length (4.86 cm), fruit diameter (3.06 cm), pulp content (93.96%) and fruit colour values (59.50, -4.0 and 33.46) was also recorded in potassium sulphate applied @0.50%”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium sulphate at 0.50% gave maximum fruit diameter of 3.06 cm.
- Taxon
- berZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- potassium sulphate applied @0.50%e0
- Outcome
- fruit diametere0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 3.06 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“ber (Ziziphus mauritiana)”
e0“Maximum fruit length (4.86 cm), fruit diameter (3.06 cm), pulp content (93.96%) and fruit colour values (59.50, -4.0 and 33.46) was also recorded in potassium sulphate applied @0.50%”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium sulphate at 0.50% gave maximum pulp content of 93.96%.
- Taxon
- berZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- potassium sulphate applied @0.50%e0
- Outcome
- pulp contente0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 93.96%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“ber (Ziziphus mauritiana)”
e0“Maximum fruit length (4.86 cm), fruit diameter (3.06 cm), pulp content (93.96%) and fruit colour values (59.50, -4.0 and 33.46) was also recorded in potassium sulphate applied @0.50%”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium sulphate at 0.50% gave maximum fruit colour values of 59.50, -4.0 and 33.46.
- Taxon
- berZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- potassium sulphate applied @0.50%e0
- Outcome
- fruit colour valuese0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 59.50, -4.0 and 33.46e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“ber (Ziziphus mauritiana)”
e0“Maximum fruit length (4.86 cm), fruit diameter (3.06 cm), pulp content (93.96%) and fruit colour values (59.50, -4.0 and 33.46) was also recorded in potassium sulphate applied @0.50%”
Claim · model-written summary
Boric acid at 0.60% gave maximum TSS of 15.63 0B.
- Taxon
- berZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- boric acid @0.60%e0
- Outcome
- TSSe0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 15.63 0Be0
- Qualifier
- statistically at pare0
- Comparator
- potassium sulphate @0.50%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“ber (Ziziphus mauritiana)”
e0“Maximum TSS (15.63 0B), TSS/acid ratio (120.23), ascorbic acid content (110.25 mg/100 g), total sugars (12.70%), reducing sugars (5.75%), non-reducing sugars (6.60%) and minimum titrable acidity (0.130%) was recorded with boric acid @0.60% which was statistically at par with potassium sulphate @0.50%”
Claim · model-written summary
Boric acid at 0.60% gave maximum TSS/acid ratio of 120.23.
- Taxon
- berZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- boric acid @0.60%e0
- Outcome
- TSS/acid ratioe0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 120.23e0
- Qualifier
- statistically at pare0
- Comparator
- potassium sulphate @0.50%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“ber (Ziziphus mauritiana)”
e0“Maximum TSS (15.63 0B), TSS/acid ratio (120.23), ascorbic acid content (110.25 mg/100 g), total sugars (12.70%), reducing sugars (5.75%), non-reducing sugars (6.60%) and minimum titrable acidity (0.130%) was recorded with boric acid @0.60% which was statistically at par with potassium sulphate @0.50%”
Claim · model-written summary
Boric acid at 0.60% gave maximum ascorbic acid content of 110.25 mg/100 g.
- Taxon
- berZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- boric acid @0.60%e0
- Outcome
- ascorbic acid contente0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 110.25 mg/100 ge0
- Qualifier
- statistically at pare0
- Comparator
- potassium sulphate @0.50%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“ber (Ziziphus mauritiana)”
e0“Maximum TSS (15.63 0B), TSS/acid ratio (120.23), ascorbic acid content (110.25 mg/100 g), total sugars (12.70%), reducing sugars (5.75%), non-reducing sugars (6.60%) and minimum titrable acidity (0.130%) was recorded with boric acid @0.60% which was statistically at par with potassium sulphate @0.50%”
Claim · model-written summary
Boric acid at 0.60% gave maximum total sugars of 12.70%.
- Taxon
- berZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- boric acid @0.60%e0
- Outcome
- total sugarse0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 12.70%e0
- Qualifier
- statistically at pare0
- Comparator
- potassium sulphate @0.50%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“ber (Ziziphus mauritiana)”
e0“Maximum TSS (15.63 0B), TSS/acid ratio (120.23), ascorbic acid content (110.25 mg/100 g), total sugars (12.70%), reducing sugars (5.75%), non-reducing sugars (6.60%) and minimum titrable acidity (0.130%) was recorded with boric acid @0.60% which was statistically at par with potassium sulphate @0.50%”
Claim · model-written summary
Boric acid at 0.60% gave maximum reducing sugars of 5.75%.
- Taxon
- berZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- boric acid @0.60%e0
- Outcome
- reducing sugarse0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 5.75%e0
- Qualifier
- statistically at pare0
- Comparator
- potassium sulphate @0.50%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“ber (Ziziphus mauritiana)”
e0“Maximum TSS (15.63 0B), TSS/acid ratio (120.23), ascorbic acid content (110.25 mg/100 g), total sugars (12.70%), reducing sugars (5.75%), non-reducing sugars (6.60%) and minimum titrable acidity (0.130%) was recorded with boric acid @0.60% which was statistically at par with potassium sulphate @0.50%”
Claim · model-written summary
Boric acid at 0.60% gave maximum non-reducing sugars of 6.60%.
- Taxon
- berZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- boric acid @0.60%e0
- Outcome
- non-reducing sugarse0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 6.60%e0
- Qualifier
- statistically at pare0
- Comparator
- potassium sulphate @0.50%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“ber (Ziziphus mauritiana)”
e0“Maximum TSS (15.63 0B), TSS/acid ratio (120.23), ascorbic acid content (110.25 mg/100 g), total sugars (12.70%), reducing sugars (5.75%), non-reducing sugars (6.60%) and minimum titrable acidity (0.130%) was recorded with boric acid @0.60% which was statistically at par with potassium sulphate @0.50%”
Claim · model-written summary
Boric acid at 0.60% gave maximum titrable acidity of 0.130%.
- Taxon
- berZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- boric acid @0.60%e0
- Outcome
- titrable aciditye0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 0.130%e0
- Qualifier
- statistically at pare0
- Comparator
- potassium sulphate @0.50%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“ber (Ziziphus mauritiana)”
e0“Maximum TSS (15.63 0B), TSS/acid ratio (120.23), ascorbic acid content (110.25 mg/100 g), total sugars (12.70%), reducing sugars (5.75%), non-reducing sugars (6.60%) and minimum titrable acidity (0.130%) was recorded with boric acid @0.60% which was statistically at par with potassium sulphate @0.50%”
Claim · model-written summary
Liquid sulphur at 0.50% gave the minimum powdery mildew incidence, followed by potassium sulphate at 0.50%.
- Taxon
- berZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- liquid sulphur (0.50%)e0
- Outcome
- incidence of powdery mildewe0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Comparator
- potassium sulphate (0.50%)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“ber (Ziziphus mauritiana)”
e0“minimum incidence of powdery mildew was observed in liquid sulphur (0.50%) followed by potassium sulphate (0.50%)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that three potassium sulphate sprays at 0.50% improve ber quality and reduce fruit drop and mildew.
- Taxon
- berZiziphus mauritianae0
- Material
- Umrane0
- Treatment
- 3 foliar applications of potassium sulphate @0.50%e0
- Outcome
- improved quality attributes, reduction in fruit drop as well as reduced incidence of powdery mildewe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“3 foliar applications of potassium sulphate @0.50% resulted in improved quality attributes, reduction in fruit drop as well as reduced incidence of powdery mildew in ber cv. Umran”
The same questions in other papers
boric acid · quality: phytochemicals · Ziziphus mauritiana (ber)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
boric acid · quality: sugar starch · Ziziphus mauritiana (ber)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
potassium sulfate · yield · Ziziphus mauritiana (ber)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.