Abstract
Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk.) is an indigenous delicious, nourishing fruit grown widely throughout the India but faces heavy fruit drop due to several biotic and abiotic stress factors resulted in declining trend of ber pro-duction over the year. Keeping these facts in foreground, replicated field experiment was conducted during 2013-14 and 2014-15 at HRS, Mondouri, BCKV, West Bengal with eleven treatments consist two different levels of NAA, GA3, 2,4-D, ZnSO4 and H3BO3 along with a control (water spray). Results of investigation revealed that application of 2,4-D @ 10 mg/l recorded highest fruit set (48.80%). Maximum fruit retention (42.83%) and total no. of fruits/tree (514) were obtained with the application of NAA @ 20 mg/l. Application of GA3 @ 20 mg/l recorded significantly (p?0.05) higher yield (30.67 kg/tree), fruit weight (60.5 g), fruit length (5.8 cm), fruit breadth (5.1 cm), pulp to seed ratio (13.9) and specific gravity (1.104) as well as economic returns over control during both the year of experiment. Among the treatments H3BO3 at 0.4% recorded the highest TSS (11.7°Brix), total sugar (8.33%), reducing sugar (5.21%) and TSS: Acid (107.36) ratio with lowest fruit acidity (0.10 %) whereas highest vitamin-C content of fruit was recorded with GA3 at 20 mg/l (64.68 mg / 100 g) followed by NAA at 20 mg/l. Results suggest that twice spraying of GA3 @ 20 mg/l and H3BO3 at 0.4% is vital for optimizing yield components, yield and quality of ber (cv. BAU Kul-1) in trans-Gangetic plains of West Bengal.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
2,4-D at 10 mg/l produced the highest ber fruit set, 48.80%.
- Taxon
- Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk
Ziziphus mauritianat0 - Treatment
- 2,4-D @ 10 mg/le0
- Outcome
- fruit sete0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 48.80%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of 2,4-D @ 10 mg/l recorded highest fruit set (48.80%).”
t0“Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk)”
Claim · model-written summary
NAA at 20 mg/l produced maximum ber fruit retention of 42.83%.
- Taxon
- Zizyphus mauritiana LamkZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- NAA @ 20 mg/le0
- Outcome
- fruit retentione0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 42.83%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum fruit retention (42.83%) and total no. of fruits/tree (514) were obtained with the application of NAA @ 20 mg/l.”
t0“Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk)”
Claim · model-written summary
NAA at 20 mg/l produced 514 fruits per ber tree.
- Taxon
- Zizyphus mauritiana LamkZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- NAA @ 20 mg/le0
- Outcome
- total no. of fruits/treee0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 514e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum fruit retention (42.83%) and total no. of fruits/tree (514) were obtained with the application of NAA @ 20 mg/l.”
t0“Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk)”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 20 mg/l increased ber yield to 30.67 kg/tree relative to control.
- Taxon
- Zizyphus mauritiana LamkZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- GA3 @ 20 mg/le0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 30.67 kg/treee0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of GA3 @ 20 mg/l recorded significantly (p?0.05) higher yield (30.67 kg/tree), fruit weight (60.5 g), fruit length (5.8 cm), fruit breadth (5.1 cm), pulp to seed ratio (13.9) and specific gravity (1.104) as well as economic returns over control during both the year of experiment.”
t0“Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk)”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 20 mg/l increased ber fruit weight to 60.5 g relative to control.
- Taxon
- Zizyphus mauritiana LamkZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- GA3 @ 20 mg/le0
- Outcome
- fruit weighte0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 60.5 ge0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of GA3 @ 20 mg/l recorded significantly (p?0.05) higher yield (30.67 kg/tree), fruit weight (60.5 g), fruit length (5.8 cm), fruit breadth (5.1 cm), pulp to seed ratio (13.9) and specific gravity (1.104) as well as economic returns over control during both the year of experiment.”
t0“Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk)”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 20 mg/l increased ber fruit length to 5.8 cm relative to control.
- Taxon
- Zizyphus mauritiana LamkZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- GA3 @ 20 mg/le0
- Outcome
- fruit lengthe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 5.8 cme0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of GA3 @ 20 mg/l recorded significantly (p?0.05) higher yield (30.67 kg/tree), fruit weight (60.5 g), fruit length (5.8 cm), fruit breadth (5.1 cm), pulp to seed ratio (13.9) and specific gravity (1.104) as well as economic returns over control during both the year of experiment.”
t0“Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk)”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 20 mg/l increased ber fruit breadth to 5.1 cm relative to control.
- Taxon
- Zizyphus mauritiana LamkZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- GA3 @ 20 mg/le0
- Outcome
- fruit breadthe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 5.1 cme0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of GA3 @ 20 mg/l recorded significantly (p?0.05) higher yield (30.67 kg/tree), fruit weight (60.5 g), fruit length (5.8 cm), fruit breadth (5.1 cm), pulp to seed ratio (13.9) and specific gravity (1.104) as well as economic returns over control during both the year of experiment.”
t0“Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk)”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 20 mg/l increased ber pulp to seed ratio to 13.9 relative to control.
- Taxon
- Zizyphus mauritiana LamkZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- GA3 @ 20 mg/le0
- Outcome
- pulp to seed ratioe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 13.9e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of GA3 @ 20 mg/l recorded significantly (p?0.05) higher yield (30.67 kg/tree), fruit weight (60.5 g), fruit length (5.8 cm), fruit breadth (5.1 cm), pulp to seed ratio (13.9) and specific gravity (1.104) as well as economic returns over control during both the year of experiment.”
t0“Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk)”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 20 mg/l increased ber specific gravity to 1.104 relative to control.
- Taxon
- Zizyphus mauritiana LamkZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- GA3 @ 20 mg/le0
- Outcome
- specific gravitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 1.104e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of GA3 @ 20 mg/l recorded significantly (p?0.05) higher yield (30.67 kg/tree), fruit weight (60.5 g), fruit length (5.8 cm), fruit breadth (5.1 cm), pulp to seed ratio (13.9) and specific gravity (1.104) as well as economic returns over control during both the year of experiment.”
t0“Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk)”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 20 mg/l increased economic returns over control.
- Taxon
- Zizyphus mauritiana LamkZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- GA3 @ 20 mg/le0
- Outcome
- economic returnse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of GA3 @ 20 mg/l recorded significantly (p?0.05) higher yield (30.67 kg/tree), fruit weight (60.5 g), fruit length (5.8 cm), fruit breadth (5.1 cm), pulp to seed ratio (13.9) and specific gravity (1.104) as well as economic returns over control during both the year of experiment.”
t0“Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk)”
Claim · model-written summary
H3BO3 at 0.4% produced the highest ber fruit TSS, 11.7°Brix.
- Taxon
- Zizyphus mauritiana LamkZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- H3BO3 at 0.4%e0
- Outcome
- TSSe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 11.7°Brixe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“H3BO3 at 0.4% recorded the highest TSS (11.7°Brix), total sugar (8.33%), reducing sugar (5.21%) and TSS: Acid (107.36) ratio with lowest fruit acidity (0.10 %)”
t0“Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk)”
Claim · model-written summary
H3BO3 at 0.4% produced the highest ber fruit total sugar, 8.33%.
- Taxon
- Zizyphus mauritiana LamkZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- H3BO3 at 0.4%e0
- Outcome
- total sugare0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 8.33%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“H3BO3 at 0.4% recorded the highest TSS (11.7°Brix), total sugar (8.33%), reducing sugar (5.21%) and TSS: Acid (107.36) ratio with lowest fruit acidity (0.10 %)”
t0“Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk)”
Claim · model-written summary
H3BO3 at 0.4% produced the highest ber fruit reducing sugar, 5.21%.
- Taxon
- Zizyphus mauritiana LamkZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- H3BO3 at 0.4%e0
- Outcome
- reducing sugare0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 5.21%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“H3BO3 at 0.4% recorded the highest TSS (11.7°Brix), total sugar (8.33%), reducing sugar (5.21%) and TSS: Acid (107.36) ratio with lowest fruit acidity (0.10 %)”
t0“Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk)”
Claim · model-written summary
H3BO3 at 0.4% produced the highest ber TSS to acid ratio, 107.36.
- Taxon
- Zizyphus mauritiana LamkZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- H3BO3 at 0.4%e0
- Outcome
- TSS: Acide0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 107.36e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“H3BO3 at 0.4% recorded the highest TSS (11.7°Brix), total sugar (8.33%), reducing sugar (5.21%) and TSS: Acid (107.36) ratio with lowest fruit acidity (0.10 %)”
t0“Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk)”
Claim · model-written summary
H3BO3 at 0.4% produced the lowest ber fruit acidity, 0.10%.
- Taxon
- Zizyphus mauritiana LamkZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- H3BO3 at 0.4%e0
- Outcome
- fruit aciditye0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 0.10 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“H3BO3 at 0.4% recorded the highest TSS (11.7°Brix), total sugar (8.33%), reducing sugar (5.21%) and TSS: Acid (107.36) ratio with lowest fruit acidity (0.10 %)”
t0“Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk)”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 20 mg/l produced the highest ber fruit vitamin C, 64.68 mg / 100 g, followed by NAA at 20 mg/l.
- Taxon
- Zizyphus mauritiana LamkZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- GA3 at 20 mg/le0
- Outcome
- vitamin-C content of fruite0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 64.68 mg / 100 ge0
- Comparator
- NAA at 20 mg/le0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest vitamin-C content of fruit was recorded with GA3 at 20 mg/l (64.68 mg / 100 g) followed by NAA at 20 mg/l.”
t0“Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend twice spraying GA3 at 20 mg/l and H3BO3 at 0.4% to optimize ber yield and quality.
- Taxon
- berZiziphus mauritianae0
- Material
- BAU Kul-1e0
- Treatment
- twice spraying of GA3 @ 20 mg/l and H3BO3 at 0.4%e0
- Outcome
- optimizing yield components, yield and qualitye0
- Setting
- trans-Gangetic plains of West Bengale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“twice spraying of GA3 @ 20 mg/l and H3BO3 at 0.4% is vital for optimizing yield components, yield and quality of ber (cv. BAU Kul-1) in trans-Gangetic plains of West Bengal.”
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