Abstract
The GARP genes are plant-specific transcription factors (TFs) and play key roles in regulating plant development and abiotic stress resistance. However, few systematic analyses of GARPs have been reported in allotetraploid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) yet. In the present study, a total of 146 BnaGARP members were identified from the rapeseed genome based on the sequence signature. The BnaGARP TFs were divided into five subfamilies: ARR, GLK, NIGT1/HRS1/HHO, KAN, and PHL subfamilies, and the members within the same subfamilies shared similar exon-intron structures and conserved motif configuration. Analyses of the Ka/Ks ratios indicated that the GARP family principally underwent purifying selection. Several cis-acting regulatory elements, essential for plant growth and diverse biotic and abiotic stresses, were identified in the promoter regions of BnaGARPs. Further, 29 putative miRNAs were identified to be targeting BnaGARPs. Differential expression of BnaGARPs under low nitrate, ammonium toxicity, limited phosphate, deficient boron, salt stress, and cadmium toxicity conditions indicated their potential involvement in diverse nutrient stress responses. Notably, BnaA9.HHO1 and BnaA1.HHO5 were simultaneously transcriptionally responsive to these nutrient stresses in both hoots and roots, which indicated that BnaA9.HHO1 and BnaA1.HHO5 might play a core role in regulating rapeseed resistance to nutrient stresses. Therefore, this study would enrich our understanding of molecular characteristics of the rapeseed GARPs and will provide valuable candidate genes for further in-depth study of the GARP-mediated nutrient stress resistance in rapeseed.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
146 BnaGARP members were identified from the rapeseed genome.
Verbatim
e0“allotetraploid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e5“a total of 146 BnaGARP members were identified from the rapeseed genome”
Claim · model-written summary
BnaGARP transcription factors were divided into five subfamilies.
Verbatim
e0“allotetraploid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e6“The BnaGARP TFs were divided into five subfamilies: ARR, GLK, NIGT1/HRS1/HHO, KAN, and PHL subfamilies”
Claim · model-written summary
Members within the same subfamily share similar exon-intron structures and conserved motif configuration.
Verbatim
e0“allotetraploid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e7“the members within the same subfamilies shared similar exon-intron structures and conserved motif configuration”
Claim · model-written summary
The GARP family in rapeseed principally underwent purifying selection, as shown by Ka/Ks ratios.
Verbatim
e0“allotetraploid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e1“Analyses of the Ka/Ks ratios indicated that the GARP family principally underwent purifying selection”
Claim · model-written summary
Cis-acting regulatory elements were identified in the promoters of BnaGARPs.
Verbatim
e0“allotetraploid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e1“Several cis-acting regulatory elements, essential for plant growth and diverse biotic and abiotic stresses, were identified in the promoter regions of BnaGARPs”
Claim · model-written summary
29 putative miRNAs were identified as targeting BnaGARPs.
Verbatim
e0“allotetraploid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e1“Further, 29 putative miRNAs were identified to be targeting BnaGARPs”
Claim · model-written summary
BnaGARPs showed differential expression under low nitrate, pointing to a possible role in nutrient stress responses.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“allotetraploid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e1“Differential expression of BnaGARPs under low nitrate, ammonium toxicity, limited phosphate, deficient boron, salt stress, and cadmium toxicity conditions indicated their potential involvement in diverse nutrient stress responses”
Claim · model-written summary
BnaGARPs showed differential expression under ammonium toxicity, pointing to a possible role in nutrient stress responses.
- Taxon
- rapeseede0
- Treatment
- ammonium toxicitye1
- Gene
- BnaGARPse1
- Outcome
- Differential expression of BnaGARPse1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“allotetraploid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e1“Differential expression of BnaGARPs under low nitrate, ammonium toxicity, limited phosphate, deficient boron, salt stress, and cadmium toxicity conditions indicated their potential involvement in diverse nutrient stress responses”
Claim · model-written summary
BnaGARPs showed differential expression under limited phosphate, pointing to a possible role in nutrient stress responses.
- Taxon
- rapeseede0
- Treatment
- limited phosphatee1
- Gene
- BnaGARPse1
- Outcome
- Differential expression of BnaGARPse1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“allotetraploid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e1“Differential expression of BnaGARPs under low nitrate, ammonium toxicity, limited phosphate, deficient boron, salt stress, and cadmium toxicity conditions indicated their potential involvement in diverse nutrient stress responses”
Claim · model-written summary
BnaGARPs showed differential expression under deficient boron, pointing to a possible role in nutrient stress responses.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“allotetraploid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e1“Differential expression of BnaGARPs under low nitrate, ammonium toxicity, limited phosphate, deficient boron, salt stress, and cadmium toxicity conditions indicated their potential involvement in diverse nutrient stress responses”
Claim · model-written summary
BnaGARPs showed differential expression under salt stress, pointing to a possible role in nutrient stress responses.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“allotetraploid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e1“Differential expression of BnaGARPs under low nitrate, ammonium toxicity, limited phosphate, deficient boron, salt stress, and cadmium toxicity conditions indicated their potential involvement in diverse nutrient stress responses”
Claim · model-written summary
BnaGARPs showed differential expression under cadmium toxicity, pointing to a possible role in nutrient stress responses.
- Taxon
- rapeseede0
- Treatment
- cadmium toxicitye1
- Gene
- BnaGARPse1
- Outcome
- Differential expression of BnaGARPse1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“allotetraploid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e1“Differential expression of BnaGARPs under low nitrate, ammonium toxicity, limited phosphate, deficient boron, salt stress, and cadmium toxicity conditions indicated their potential involvement in diverse nutrient stress responses”
Claim · model-written summary
BnaA9.HHO1 and BnaA1.HHO5 were transcriptionally responsive to nutrient stresses in both shoots and roots.
- Taxon
- rapeseede0
- Organ / stage
- hoots and rootse1
- Treatment
- nutrient stressese1
- Gene
- BnaA9.HHO1 and BnaA1.HHO5e1
- Outcome
- transcriptionally responsivee1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“allotetraploid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e1“Notably, BnaA9.HHO1 and BnaA1.HHO5 were simultaneously transcriptionally responsive to these nutrient stresses in both hoots and roots”
Claim · model-written summary
BnaA9.HHO1 and BnaA1.HHO5 may play a core role in rapeseed resistance to nutrient stresses (hypothesis).
Verbatim
e0“allotetraploid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e1“which indicated that BnaA9.HHO1 and BnaA1.HHO5 might play a core role in regulating rapeseed resistance to nutrient stresses”