Abstract
The genus Streptomyces is the most abundant and essential microbes in the soil microbial community. Streptomyces are familiar and have great potential to produce a large variety of bioactive compounds. This genus considers an efficient biofertilizer based on its plant growth-promoting activities. Based on their ability to produce a wide varieties of bioactive molecules, the present study aimed to explore the potential plant growth promotion of four Streptomyces strains and their role in enhancing cucumber growth and yield under greenhouse conditions. Streptomyces sp. strain HM2, Streptomyces thinghirensis strain HM3, Streptomyces sp. strain HM8, and Streptomyces tricolor strain HM10 were chosen for the current study. Plant growth-promoting (PGP) features, i.e., indole acetic acid (IAA) production, siderophore excretion, and solubilizing phosphate, were evaluated in vitro. All four strains produced IAA, siderophore, and immobilized inorganic phosphate. Following 4 days of incubation at 30 °C, strains HM2, HM3, HM8, and HM10 produced copious amounts of IAA (18, 22, 62, and 146 µg/mL, respectively) and siderophores (42.59, 40.01, 16.84, 64.14% SU, respectively). At the same time, P solubilization efficacy scored 64.3%, 84.4%, 57.2%, and 81.6% with the same frequency. During in planta evaluation, selected Streptomyces strains combined with rock phosphate were assessed as biofertilizers on the growth and yield of cucumber plants. Under all treatments, positive and significant differences in studied traits were manifested except dry stem matter (SDM), net assimilation rate (NAR), relative growth rate (RGR), and fruit firmness (FF). Treatment T4 (rock phosphate + strain HM3) followed by T5 (rock phosphate + strain HM8) revealed the best results for plant height (PH), number of leaves per plant (NLPP), root length (RL), number of fruits per plant (NFPP), fruit length (FL), fruit diameter (FD), fruit fresh weight per plant (FFWPP), soil P (SP) after 21 DAT, and soil P at the end of the experiment. Notably, T6 (rock phosphate + strain HM10) caused a considerable increase in leaf area (LA). Plant growth-promoting bacteria enhance plant growth and yield through phosphorus solubilizing, improve nutrient availability, produce phytohormones, and support plant growth under abiotic stress. These features are important for sustainable agriculture and reducing environmental pollution with chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Strain HM2 produced 18 µg/mL IAA in vitro.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“strains HM2, HM3, HM8, and HM10 produced copious amounts of IAA (18, 22, 62, and 146 µg/mL, respectively) and siderophores (42.59, 40.01, 16.84, 64.14% SU, respectively)”
t0“Cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain HM2 produced siderophores at 42.59% SU in vitro.
- Taxon
- Cucumber
Cucumis sativust0 - Interactor
- HM2e0symbiont
- Outcome
- siderophorese0
- Value
- 42.59e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“strains HM2, HM3, HM8, and HM10 produced copious amounts of IAA (18, 22, 62, and 146 µg/mL, respectively) and siderophores (42.59, 40.01, 16.84, 64.14% SU, respectively)”
t0“Cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain HM2 had P solubilization efficacy of 64.3%.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Interactor
- HM2e1symbiont
- Outcome
- P solubilization efficacye0
- Value
- 64.3%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P solubilization efficacy scored 64.3%, 84.4%, 57.2%, and 81.6% with the same frequency”
e1“strains HM2, HM3, HM8, and HM10 produced copious amounts”
t0“Cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain HM3 produced 22 µg/mL IAA in vitro.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“strains HM2, HM3, HM8, and HM10 produced copious amounts of IAA (18, 22, 62, and 146 µg/mL, respectively) and siderophores (42.59, 40.01, 16.84, 64.14% SU, respectively)”
t0“Cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain HM3 produced siderophores at 40.01% SU in vitro.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Interactor
- HM3e0symbiont
- Outcome
- siderophorese0
- Value
- 40.01e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“strains HM2, HM3, HM8, and HM10 produced copious amounts of IAA (18, 22, 62, and 146 µg/mL, respectively) and siderophores (42.59, 40.01, 16.84, 64.14% SU, respectively)”
t0“Cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain HM3 had P solubilization efficacy of 84.4%.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Interactor
- HM3e1symbiont
- Outcome
- P solubilization efficacye0
- Value
- 84.4%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P solubilization efficacy scored 64.3%, 84.4%, 57.2%, and 81.6% with the same frequency”
e1“strains HM2, HM3, HM8, and HM10 produced copious amounts”
t0“Cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain HM8 produced 62 µg/mL IAA in vitro.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“strains HM2, HM3, HM8, and HM10 produced copious amounts of IAA (18, 22, 62, and 146 µg/mL, respectively) and siderophores (42.59, 40.01, 16.84, 64.14% SU, respectively)”
t0“Cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain HM8 produced siderophores at 16.84% SU in vitro.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Interactor
- HM8e0symbiont
- Outcome
- siderophorese0
- Value
- 16.84e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“strains HM2, HM3, HM8, and HM10 produced copious amounts of IAA (18, 22, 62, and 146 µg/mL, respectively) and siderophores (42.59, 40.01, 16.84, 64.14% SU, respectively)”
t0“Cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain HM8 had P solubilization efficacy of 57.2%.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Interactor
- HM8e1symbiont
- Outcome
- P solubilization efficacye0
- Value
- 57.2%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P solubilization efficacy scored 64.3%, 84.4%, 57.2%, and 81.6% with the same frequency”
e1“strains HM2, HM3, HM8, and HM10 produced copious amounts”
t0“Cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain HM10 produced 146 µg/mL IAA in vitro.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Interactor
- HM10e0symbiont
- Outcome
- IAAe0
- Value
- 146 µg/mLe0
- Qualifier
- respectivelye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“strains HM2, HM3, HM8, and HM10 produced copious amounts of IAA (18, 22, 62, and 146 µg/mL, respectively) and siderophores (42.59, 40.01, 16.84, 64.14% SU, respectively)”
t0“Cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain HM10 produced siderophores at 64.14% SU in vitro.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Interactor
- HM10e0symbiont
- Outcome
- siderophorese0
- Value
- 64.14e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“strains HM2, HM3, HM8, and HM10 produced copious amounts of IAA (18, 22, 62, and 146 µg/mL, respectively) and siderophores (42.59, 40.01, 16.84, 64.14% SU, respectively)”
t0“Cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain HM10 had P solubilization efficacy of 81.6%.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Interactor
- HM10e1symbiont
- Outcome
- P solubilization efficacye0
- Value
- 81.6%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P solubilization efficacy scored 64.3%, 84.4%, 57.2%, and 81.6% with the same frequency”
e1“strains HM2, HM3, HM8, and HM10 produced copious amounts”
t0“Cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
The tested treatments improved studied cucumber traits significantly, except dry stem matter, net assimilation rate, relative growth rate and fruit firmness.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- all treatmentse0
- Outcome
- studied traitse0
- Direction
- positivee0
- Qualifier
- except dry stem matter (SDM), net assimilation rate (NAR), relative growth rate (RGR), and fruit firmness (FF)e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under all treatments, positive and significant differences in studied traits were manifested except dry stem matter (SDM), net assimilation rate (NAR), relative growth rate (RGR), and fruit firmness (FF).”
t0“Cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Rock phosphate with strain HM3 gave the best cucumber growth and fruit results.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- rock phosphate + strain HM3e0
- Interactor
- strain HM3e0symbiont
- Outcome
- plant height (PH), number of leaves per plant (NLPP), root length (RL)e0
- Direction
- beste0
- Comparator
- T5 (rock phosphate + strain HM8)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment T4 (rock phosphate + strain HM3) followed by T5 (rock phosphate + strain HM8) revealed the best results for plant height (PH), number of leaves per plant (NLPP), root length (RL), number of fruits per plant (NFPP), fruit length (FL), fruit diameter (FD), fruit fresh weight per plant (FFWPP), soil P (SP) after 21 DAT, and soil P at the end of the experiment.”
t0“Cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Rock phosphate with strain HM8 ranked second for cucumber growth and fruit results.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- rock phosphate + strain HM8e0
- Interactor
- strain HM8e0symbiont
- Outcome
- number of fruits per plant (NFPP), fruit length (FL), fruit diameter (FD)e0
- Direction
- beste0
- Comparator
- T4 (rock phosphate + strain HM3)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment T4 (rock phosphate + strain HM3) followed by T5 (rock phosphate + strain HM8) revealed the best results for plant height (PH), number of leaves per plant (NLPP), root length (RL), number of fruits per plant (NFPP), fruit length (FL), fruit diameter (FD), fruit fresh weight per plant (FFWPP), soil P (SP) after 21 DAT, and soil P at the end of the experiment.”
t0“Cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Rock phosphate with strain HM10 considerably increased cucumber leaf area.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- rock phosphate + strain HM10e0
- Interactor
- strain HM10e0symbiont
- Outcome
- leaf area (LA)e0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T6 (rock phosphate + strain HM10) caused a considerable increase in leaf area (LA)”
t0“Cucumber”
The same questions in other papers
phosphorus · yield · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Positive and negative results
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →phosphorus · growth · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Positive and negative results
12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- positive
11 papers more in this group
See all 15 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.