Abstract
Persea americana stem barks are used locally in parts of Nigeria in treating bacterial infections. This study aims to determine the antimicrobial potential of the methanol extract and fractions against S. aureus, B. substilis, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, C. albicans and Aspergilus species. The plant material was extracted with 80% methanol and partitioned into chloroform and aqueous phases which were evaluated for antimicrobial activities using agar well diffusion method. The methanol extract inhibited the growth of the test organisms; P. aeruginosa showed the most activity at 100mg/mL. The CHCl3 fraction of the plant extract was ineffective against gram negative bacteria (E. coli and P. aeruginosa) at low concentrations. The CHCl3 fraction was most effective against S. aureus at 50mg/mL but ineffective against gram-negative organisms at lower concentrations. The extract's H2O fraction had the most antimicrobial activity. The H2O fraction inhibited B. substilis at 50mg/mL (8.50±1.08mm).Alkaloids, saponins, tannins, steroids, among others were observed in the extract and fractions. Owing to the higher antimicrobial activity in the H2O fraction, the active antimicrobial compounds could be polar in nature. The higher inhibitory activity recorded by the H2O fraction supports the folkloric use of P. Americana.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
The methanol extract inhibited the growth of the test microorganisms.
- Taxon
- Persea americana
Persea americanae0 - Treatment
- methanol extracte1
- Outcome
- growth of the test organismse1
- Direction
- inhibitede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Persea americana stem barks are used locally in parts of Nigeria”
e1“The methanol extract inhibited the growth of the test organisms”
Claim · model-written summary
P. aeruginosa showed the highest activity of the tested organisms, at 100 mg/mL.
- Taxon
- Persea americanaPersea americanae0
- Interactor
- P. aeruginosae2pathogen
- Outcome
- activitye2
- Value
- 100mg/mLe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Persea americana stem barks are used locally in parts of Nigeria”
e2“P. aeruginosa showed the most activity at 100mg/mL”
Claim · model-written summary
The CHCl3 fraction was ineffective against gram-negative bacteria E. coli and P. aeruginosa at low concentrations.
- Taxon
- Persea americanaPersea americanae0
- Treatment
- CHCl3 fractione3
- Interactor
- E. coli
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Escherichia colie3pathogen - Second interactor
- P. aeruginosae3pathogen
- Outcome
- gram negative bacteriae3
- Direction
- ineffectivee3
- Qualifier
- at low concentrationse3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Persea americana stem barks are used locally in parts of Nigeria”
e3“The CHCl3 fraction of the plant extract was ineffective against gram negative bacteria (E. coli and P. aeruginosa) at low concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
The CHCl3 fraction was the most effective against S. aureus at 50 mg/mL.
- Taxon
- Persea americanaPersea americanae0
- Treatment
- CHCl3 fractione4
- Interactor
- S. aureuse4pathogen
- Outcome
- effectivee4
- Direction
- most effectivee4
- Value
- 50mg/mLe4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Persea americana stem barks are used locally in parts of Nigeria”
e4“The CHCl3 fraction was most effective against S. aureus at 50mg/mL”
Claim · model-written summary
The H2O fraction had the most antimicrobial activity of the extract and fractions.
- Taxon
- Persea americanaPersea americanae0
- Treatment
- H2O fractione5
- Outcome
- antimicrobial activitye5
- Direction
- moste5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Persea americana stem barks are used locally in parts of Nigeria”
e5“The extract's H2O fraction had the most antimicrobial activity”
Claim · model-written summary
The H2O fraction inhibited B. substilis at 50 mg/mL, with a zone of 8.50±1.08 mm.
- Taxon
- Persea americanaPersea americanae0
- Treatment
- H2O fractione6
- Interactor
- B. substilise6pathogen
- Outcome
- inhibitede6
- Direction
- inhibitede6
- Value
- 8.50±1.08mme6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Persea americana stem barks are used locally in parts of Nigeria”
e6“The H2O fraction inhibited B. substilis at 50mg/mL (8.50±1.08mm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Alkaloids, saponins and tannins were observed in the extract and fractions.
- Taxon
- Persea americanaPersea americanae0
- Outcome
- Alkaloids, saponins, tanninse7
- Qualifier
- in the extract and fractionse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Persea americana stem barks are used locally in parts of Nigeria”
e7“Alkaloids, saponins, tannins, steroids, among others were observed in the extract and fractions”
Claim · model-written summary
Steroids were observed in the extract and fractions.
- Taxon
- Persea americanaPersea americanae0
- Outcome
- steroidse7
- Qualifier
- in the extract and fractionse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Persea americana stem barks are used locally in parts of Nigeria”
e7“Alkaloids, saponins, tannins, steroids, among others were observed in the extract and fractions”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors state that the higher inhibitory activity of the H2O fraction supports the folkloric use of the plant.
- Taxon
- Persea americanaPersea americanae0
- Outcome
- folkloric usee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Persea americana stem barks are used locally in parts of Nigeria”
e7“supports the folkloric use of P. Americana”
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See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.