Abstract
Abstract In vitro studies indicated that the essential oils lemongrass ( LO ) inhibited the growth of C olletotrichum gloeosporioides . The gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of LO showed geranial and neral as major compounds. Fruit inoculation trials for three cultivars with LO in biorientated polypropylene modified atmosphere packaging ( MAP ) and commercial treatment (prochloraz and F reshmark bag showed lower disease severity at 25C for 5 days than treatments with stand‐alone MAP , LO + F reshmark bag and untreated control. Multivariate canonical variate analysis of the results indicated that the naturally infected avocado cultivars from LO + MAP treatment significantly reduced the incidence of anthracnose, gray pulp, vascular browning, weight loss, loss of fruit firmness and showed acceptable taste, flavor, texture and higher overall acceptance after ripening at 25C followed by cold storage at 10C for 18 days. Thus, the efficacy of combined application of LO in MAP as a suitable alternative to the currently adopted commercial treatment was demonstrated in this investigation. Practical Applications A novel approach to control postharvest disease anthracnose ( C . gloeosporioides ), while maintaining fruit quality, has been implemented by the combined application of essential oil and modified atmosphere packaging to three popular avocado cultivars Ryan, Fuerte and Hass. This approach can be used as an alternative for synthetic fungicides, thereby complying with organic requirements, consumer acceptance and reducing environmental pollution.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Lemongrass oil inhibited Colletotrichum gloeosporioides growth in vitro.
- Taxon
- Avocado
Persea americanat0 - Treatment
- essential oils lemongrass ( LO )e0
- Interactor
- C olletotrichum gloeosporioidese0pathogen
- Outcome
- growth of C olletotrichum gloeosporioidese0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In vitro studies indicated that the essential oils lemongrass ( LO ) inhibited the growth of C olletotrichum gloeosporioides .”
t0“Avocado”
Claim · model-written summary
Geranial and neral were major components of lemongrass oil.
- Taxon
- AvocadoPersea americanat0
- Outcome
- geranial and neral as major compoundse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of LO showed geranial and neral as major compounds.”
t0“Avocado”
Claim · model-written summary
LO with modified-atmosphere packaging lowered disease severity at 25C for five days versus the named alternatives.
- Taxon
- AvocadoPersea americanat0
- Treatment
- LO in biorientated polypropylene modified atmosphere packaging ( MAP )e0
- Outcome
- disease severitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- at 25C for 5 dayse0
- Comparator
- stand‐alone MAP , LO + F reshmark bag and untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fruit inoculation trials for three cultivars with LO in biorientated polypropylene modified atmosphere packaging ( MAP ) and commercial treatment (prochloraz and F reshmark bag showed lower disease severity at 25C for 5 days than treatments with stand‐alone MAP , LO + F reshmark bag and untreated control.”
t0“Avocado”
Claim · model-written summary
Commercial prochloraz and Freshmark treatment lowered disease severity versus the named alternatives.
- Taxon
- AvocadoPersea americanat0
- Treatment
- commercial treatment (prochloraz and F reshmark bage0
- Outcome
- disease severitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- stand‐alone MAP , LO + F reshmark bag and untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fruit inoculation trials for three cultivars with LO in biorientated polypropylene modified atmosphere packaging ( MAP ) and commercial treatment (prochloraz and F reshmark bag showed lower disease severity at 25C for 5 days than treatments with stand‐alone MAP , LO + F reshmark bag and untreated control.”
t0“Avocado”
Claim · model-written summary
LO plus MAP significantly reduced anthracnose incidence in naturally infected avocado cultivars.
- Taxon
- avocadoPersea americanae0
- Treatment
- LO + MAP treatmente0
- Outcome
- incidence of anthracnosee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the naturally infected avocado cultivars from LO + MAP treatment significantly reduced the incidence of anthracnose, gray pulp, vascular browning, weight loss, loss of fruit firmness and showed acceptable taste, flavor, texture and higher overall acceptance after ripening at 25C followed by cold storage at 10C for 18 days.”
Claim · model-written summary
LO plus MAP reduced gray pulp, vascular browning and weight loss.
- Taxon
- avocadoPersea americanae0
- Treatment
- LO + MAP treatmente0
- Outcome
- gray pulp, vascular browning, weight losse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the naturally infected avocado cultivars from LO + MAP treatment significantly reduced the incidence of anthracnose, gray pulp, vascular browning, weight loss, loss of fruit firmness and showed acceptable taste, flavor, texture and higher overall acceptance after ripening at 25C followed by cold storage at 10C for 18 days.”
Claim · model-written summary
LO plus MAP reduced loss of fruit firmness.
- Taxon
- avocadoPersea americanae0
- Treatment
- LO + MAP treatmente0
- Outcome
- loss of fruit firmnesse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the naturally infected avocado cultivars from LO + MAP treatment significantly reduced the incidence of anthracnose, gray pulp, vascular browning, weight loss, loss of fruit firmness and showed acceptable taste, flavor, texture and higher overall acceptance after ripening at 25C followed by cold storage at 10C for 18 days.”
Claim · model-written summary
LO plus MAP fruit had acceptable taste, flavor and texture.
- Taxon
- avocadoPersea americanae0
- Treatment
- LO + MAP treatmente0
- Outcome
- acceptable taste, flavor, texturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the naturally infected avocado cultivars from LO + MAP treatment significantly reduced the incidence of anthracnose, gray pulp, vascular browning, weight loss, loss of fruit firmness and showed acceptable taste, flavor, texture and higher overall acceptance after ripening at 25C followed by cold storage at 10C for 18 days.”
Claim · model-written summary
LO plus MAP fruit had higher overall acceptance.
- Taxon
- avocadoPersea americanae0
- Treatment
- LO + MAP treatmente0
- Outcome
- overall acceptancee0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the naturally infected avocado cultivars from LO + MAP treatment significantly reduced the incidence of anthracnose, gray pulp, vascular browning, weight loss, loss of fruit firmness and showed acceptable taste, flavor, texture and higher overall acceptance after ripening at 25C followed by cold storage at 10C for 18 days.”
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