Abstract
A field experiment was conducted in the Mandali of Diyala governorate during the fall season 2021 to study the effect of fulvic acid by adding five levels (control, 150 kg ha-1, 300 kg ha-1, 2.5 g L-1 and 5 g L-1) and seaweed by foliar application (control, 3 ml L-1 and 6 ml L-1) in the growth and yield of broccoli and some soil characteristics. The experiment was carried out according to a randomized complete block design (RCBD) as a factorial experiment with three .The results showed that the levels of fulvic acid were superior in most of the studied traits compared to the control treatment and the intraction between fulvic acid and seaweed in all studied traits compared to the comparison treatment. The superiority of the level of ground addition with fulvic acid at a concentration of 300 kg ha -1 (F2) increased of availability of pH, EC, nitrogen , phosphorous and potassium 7.08 , 2.01 dS m-1 33.96 mg kg-1 soil and 40.17 mg kg-1 soil and 273.5 mg kg-1 soil respectively, (F3) exceeded concentration of phosphorous and potassium in the flower disk with a value 0.42% and 2.915% , respectively, and the level (F4) exceeded in the concentration of nitrogen and sulfur in the flower disc with a value of 4.807%, 0.374 respectively, as for spraying seaweed extract, (S2) exceeded in most of the studied characteristics such as the available of pH , nitrogen concentration , phosphorous concentration, potassium , sulfur concentrations in flower disc with a value of 7.13, 33.55 mg kg-1 soil and 34.56 mg kg-1 soil ,2.924%, 0.353 % respectively while the control treatment gave the lowest values for all studied traits.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Fulvic acid levels were superior to the control for most studied traits.
- Taxon
- broccoli
Brassica oleracea var. italicat0 - Treatment
- fulvic acide0
- Outcome
- superior in most of the studied traitse0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“levels of fulvic acid were superior in most of the studied traits compared to the control treatment”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
The fulvic acid and seaweed interaction was superior to the comparison treatment for all studied traits.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- fulvic acid and seaweede0
- Outcome
- all studied traitse0
- Comparator
- comparison treatmente0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the intraction between fulvic acid and seaweed in all studied traits compared to the comparison treatment”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
At 300 kg ha -1 ground applied fulvic acid, soil pH was 7.08.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- ground addition with fulvic acid at a concentration of 300 kg ha -1e0
- Outcome
- pHe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 7.08e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ground addition with fulvic acid at a concentration of 300 kg ha -1 (F2) increased of availability of pH, EC, nitrogen , phosphorous and potassium 7.08 , 2.01 dS m-1 33.96 mg kg-1 soil and 40.17 mg kg-1 soil and 273.5 mg kg-1 soil respectively”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
At 300 kg ha -1 ground applied fulvic acid, soil EC was 2.01 dS m-1.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- ground addition with fulvic acid at a concentration of 300 kg ha -1e0
- Outcome
- ECe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 2.01 dS m-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ground addition with fulvic acid at a concentration of 300 kg ha -1 (F2) increased of availability of pH, EC, nitrogen , phosphorous and potassium 7.08 , 2.01 dS m-1 33.96 mg kg-1 soil and 40.17 mg kg-1 soil and 273.5 mg kg-1 soil respectively”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
At 300 kg ha -1 ground applied fulvic acid, available soil nitrogen was 33.96 mg kg-1 soil.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- ground addition with fulvic acid at a concentration of 300 kg ha -1e0
- Outcome
- nitrogene0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 33.96 mg kg-1 soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ground addition with fulvic acid at a concentration of 300 kg ha -1 (F2) increased of availability of pH, EC, nitrogen , phosphorous and potassium 7.08 , 2.01 dS m-1 33.96 mg kg-1 soil and 40.17 mg kg-1 soil and 273.5 mg kg-1 soil respectively”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
At 300 kg ha -1 ground applied fulvic acid, available soil phosphorous was 40.17 mg kg-1 soil.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- ground addition with fulvic acid at a concentration of 300 kg ha -1e0
- Outcome
- phosphorouse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 40.17 mg kg-1 soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ground addition with fulvic acid at a concentration of 300 kg ha -1 (F2) increased of availability of pH, EC, nitrogen , phosphorous and potassium 7.08 , 2.01 dS m-1 33.96 mg kg-1 soil and 40.17 mg kg-1 soil and 273.5 mg kg-1 soil respectively”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
At 300 kg ha -1 ground applied fulvic acid, available soil potassium was 273.5 mg kg-1 soil.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- ground addition with fulvic acid at a concentration of 300 kg ha -1e0
- Outcome
- potassiume0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 273.5 mg kg-1 soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ground addition with fulvic acid at a concentration of 300 kg ha -1 (F2) increased of availability of pH, EC, nitrogen , phosphorous and potassium 7.08 , 2.01 dS m-1 33.96 mg kg-1 soil and 40.17 mg kg-1 soil and 273.5 mg kg-1 soil respectively”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
F3 treatment yielded flower disc phosphorous concentration of 0.42%.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Organ / stage
- flower diske0
- Treatment
- F3e0
- Outcome
- concentration of phosphorouse0
- Direction
- exceedede0
- Value
- 0.42%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“(F3) exceeded concentration of phosphorous and potassium in the flower disk with a value 0.42% and 2.915% , respectively”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
F3 treatment yielded flower disc potassium concentration of 2.915%.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Organ / stage
- flower diske0
- Treatment
- F3e0
- Outcome
- potassiume0
- Direction
- exceedede0
- Value
- 2.915%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“(F3) exceeded concentration of phosphorous and potassium in the flower disk with a value 0.42% and 2.915% , respectively”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
F4 treatment yielded flower disc nitrogen concentration of 4.807%.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Organ / stage
- flower disce0
- Treatment
- F4e0
- Outcome
- concentration of nitrogene0
- Direction
- exceedede0
- Value
- 4.807%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“(F4) exceeded in the concentration of nitrogen and sulfur in the flower disc with a value of 4.807%, 0.374 respectively”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
F4 treatment yielded flower disc sulfur concentration of 0.374.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Organ / stage
- flower disce0
- Treatment
- F4e0
- Outcome
- sulfure0
- Direction
- exceedede0
- Value
- 0.374e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“(F4) exceeded in the concentration of nitrogen and sulfur in the flower disc with a value of 4.807%, 0.374 respectively”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract S2 yielded pH of 7.13.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- spraying seaweed extract, (S2)e0
- Outcome
- pHe0
- Direction
- exceedede0
- Value
- 7.13e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spraying seaweed extract, (S2) exceeded in most of the studied characteristics such as the available of pH , nitrogen concentration , phosphorous concentration, potassium , sulfur concentrations in flower disc with a value of 7.13, 33.55 mg kg-1 soil and 34.56 mg kg-1 soil ,2.924%, 0.353 % respectively”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract S2 yielded nitrogen concentration of 33.55 mg kg-1 soil.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- spraying seaweed extract, (S2)e0
- Outcome
- nitrogen concentratione0
- Direction
- exceedede0
- Value
- 33.55 mg kg-1 soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spraying seaweed extract, (S2) exceeded in most of the studied characteristics such as the available of pH , nitrogen concentration , phosphorous concentration, potassium , sulfur concentrations in flower disc with a value of 7.13, 33.55 mg kg-1 soil and 34.56 mg kg-1 soil ,2.924%, 0.353 % respectively”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract S2 yielded phosphorous concentration of 34.56 mg kg-1 soil.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- spraying seaweed extract, (S2)e0
- Outcome
- phosphorous concentratione0
- Direction
- exceedede0
- Value
- 34.56 mg kg-1 soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spraying seaweed extract, (S2) exceeded in most of the studied characteristics such as the available of pH , nitrogen concentration , phosphorous concentration, potassium , sulfur concentrations in flower disc with a value of 7.13, 33.55 mg kg-1 soil and 34.56 mg kg-1 soil ,2.924%, 0.353 % respectively”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract S2 yielded flower disc potassium concentration of 2.924%.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Organ / stage
- flower disce0
- Treatment
- spraying seaweed extract, (S2)e0
- Outcome
- potassiume0
- Direction
- exceedede0
- Value
- 2.924%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spraying seaweed extract, (S2) exceeded in most of the studied characteristics such as the available of pH , nitrogen concentration , phosphorous concentration, potassium , sulfur concentrations in flower disc with a value of 7.13, 33.55 mg kg-1 soil and 34.56 mg kg-1 soil ,2.924%, 0.353 % respectively”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract S2 yielded flower disc sulfur concentration of 0.353%.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Organ / stage
- flower disce0
- Treatment
- spraying seaweed extract, (S2)e0
- Outcome
- sulfur concentrationse0
- Direction
- exceedede0
- Value
- 0.353 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spraying seaweed extract, (S2) exceeded in most of the studied characteristics such as the available of pH , nitrogen concentration , phosphorous concentration, potassium , sulfur concentrations in flower disc with a value of 7.13, 33.55 mg kg-1 soil and 34.56 mg kg-1 soil ,2.924%, 0.353 % respectively”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
The control treatment gave the lowest values for all studied traits.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- control treatmente0
- Outcome
- all studied traitse0
- Direction
- loweste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the control treatment gave the lowest values for all studied traits”
t0“broccoli”
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