Abstract
The physiological mechanisms of shade tolerance and trait plasticity variations under shade remain poorly understood in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Twenty-five genotypes of rice were evaluated under open and shade conditions. Various parameters to identify variations in the plasticity of these traits in growth irradiance were measured. We found wide variations in specific leaf weight (SLW) and net assimilation rate measured at 400µmolm-2 s-1 photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD; referred to as A 400 ) among the genotypes. Under shade, tolerant genotypes maintained a high rate of net photosynthesis by limiting specific leaf weight accompanied by increased intercellular CO2 concentration (C i ) compared with open-grown plants. On average, net photosynthesis was enhanced by 20% under shade, with a range of 2-30%. Increased accumulation of biomass under shade was observed, but it showed no correlation with photosynthetic plasticity. Chlorophyll a /b ratio also showed no association with photosynthetic rate and yield. Analysis of variance showed that 11%, 16%, and 37% of the total variance of A 400 , SLW, and C i were explained due to differences in growth irradiance. SLW and A 400 plasticity in growth irradiance was associated with yield loss alleviation with R 2 values of 0.37 and 0.16, respectively. Biomass accumulation was associated with yield loss alleviation under shade, but no correlation was observed between A 400 and leaf-N concentration. Thus, limiting specific leaf weight accompanied by increased C i rather than leaf nitrogen concentration might have allowed rice genotypes to maintain a high net photosynthesis rate per unit leaf area and high yield under shade.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Rice genotypes varied widely in specific leaf weight and A400.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Outcome
- wide variations in specific leaf weight (SLW) and net assimilation ratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We found wide variations in specific leaf weight (SLW) and net assimilation rate measured at 400µmolm-2 s-1 photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD; referred to as A 400 ) among the genotypes.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade-tolerant genotypes maintained high net photosynthesis by limiting specific leaf weight.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- high rate of net photosynthesise0
- Qualifier
- limiting specific leaf weighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under shade, tolerant genotypes maintained a high rate of net photosynthesis by limiting specific leaf weight”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade-tolerant genotypes had increased intercellular CO2 concentration relative to open-grown plants.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- shadee0
- Outcome
- intercellular CO2 concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- open-grown plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under shade, tolerant genotypes maintained a high rate of net photosynthesis by limiting specific leaf weight accompanied by increased intercellular CO2 concentration (C i ) compared with open-grown plants”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Net photosynthesis was enhanced by 20% on average under shade.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- shadee0
- Outcome
- net photosynthesise0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 20%e0
- Qualifier
- range of 2-30%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On average, net photosynthesis was enhanced by 20% under shade, with a range of 2-30%.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Biomass accumulation increased under shade.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- shadee0
- Outcome
- accumulation of biomasse0
- Direction
- Increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increased accumulation of biomass under shade was observed”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Biomass accumulation had no correlation with photosynthetic plasticity.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- shadee1
- Outcome
- accumulation of biomasse1
- Direction
- no correlatione0
- Qualifier
- photosynthetic plasticitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it showed no correlation with photosynthetic plasticity”
e1“Increased accumulation of biomass under shade was observed”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll a/b ratio had no association with photosynthetic rate or yield.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- Chlorophyll a /b ratioe0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic rate and yielde0
- Direction
- no associatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorophyll a /b ratio also showed no association with photosynthetic rate and yield.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth irradiance differences explained 11% of A400 variance.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- differences in growth irradiancee0
- Outcome
- total variance of A 400e0
- Value
- 11%e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“11%, 16%, and 37% of the total variance of A 400 , SLW, and C i were explained due to differences in growth irradiance.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth irradiance differences explained 16% of SLW variance.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- differences in growth irradiancee0
- Outcome
- SLWe0
- Value
- 16%e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“11%, 16%, and 37% of the total variance of A 400 , SLW, and C i were explained due to differences in growth irradiance.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth irradiance differences explained 37% of Ci variance.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- differences in growth irradiancee0
- Outcome
- C ie0
- Value
- 37%e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“11%, 16%, and 37% of the total variance of A 400 , SLW, and C i were explained due to differences in growth irradiance.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
SLW plasticity was associated with alleviation of yield loss, R² 0.37.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- growth irradiancee0
- Outcome
- yield loss alleviatione0
- Value
- 0.37e0
- Qualifier
- SLWe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SLW and A 400 plasticity in growth irradiance was associated with yield loss alleviation with R 2 values of 0.37 and 0.16, respectively.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
A400 plasticity was associated with alleviation of yield loss, R² 0.16.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- growth irradiancee0
- Outcome
- yield loss alleviatione0
- Value
- 0.16e0
- Qualifier
- A 400e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SLW and A 400 plasticity in growth irradiance was associated with yield loss alleviation with R 2 values of 0.37 and 0.16, respectively.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Biomass accumulation was associated with alleviation of yield loss under shade.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- shadee0
- Outcome
- yield loss alleviatione0
- Qualifier
- Biomass accumulatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Biomass accumulation was associated with yield loss alleviation under shade”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
A400 and leaf nitrogen concentration were uncorrelated.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- leaf-N concentratione0
- Outcome
- A 400e0
- Direction
- no correlatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no correlation was observed between A 400 and leaf-N concentration.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.