Abstract
Soil salinization become worse in the last decades, leading to reduced crop yields, especially in the Mediterranean basin. Eruca sativa is a common species cultivated in this area with remarkable economic importance. This study aimed at investigating the effect of salinity on this plant, focusing on (i) seedling development in terms of variations in germination and growth parameters and (ii) anatomical and ultra-structural changes in the morphology of cotyledons. For this reason, seeds were treated with different salinity levels ranging from 137 to 548 mM NaCl. Seed germination was delayed by all the concentrations tested, but only above 137 mM seedling growth was impaired. Results showed a high occurrence of lipid bodies within the mesophyll cells of cotyledons of seedlings exposed to salt concentrations above 137 mM, suggesting an impairment in lipid mobilization caused by salinity during plant development. The cotyledons of treated seedlings showed reduced intercellular spaces and ultrastructural changes in chloroplasts and peroxisomes. Moreover, salt-induced autophagic processes were present in samples grown at the highest NaCl levels. Interestingly, at 137 mM NaCl, seedlings showed the highest values of mesophyll thickness and fresh weight, implying a possible mechanism of salt adaptation during germination.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
All tested salt concentrations delayed seed germination.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativa
Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0 - Treatment
- all the concentrations testede0
- Outcome
- Seed germinatione0
- Direction
- delayede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed germination was delayed by all the concentrations tested”
t0“Eruca sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling growth was impaired only above 137 mM salt.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- above 137 mMe0
- Outcome
- seedling growthe0
- Direction
- impairede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“only above 137 mM seedling growth was impaired”
t0“Eruca sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotyledon mesophyll retained many lipid bodies above 137 mM salt.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Organ / stage
- mesophyll cells of cotyledonse0
- Treatment
- salt concentrations above 137 mMe0
- Outcome
- high occurrence of lipid bodiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a high occurrence of lipid bodies within the mesophyll cells of cotyledons of seedlings exposed to salt concentrations above 137 mM”
t0“Eruca sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors interpret lipid accumulation as impaired mobilization under salinity.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- impairment in lipid mobilizatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suggesting an impairment in lipid mobilization caused by salinity during plant development”
t0“Eruca sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt-treated cotyledons had reduced intercellular spaces.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Organ / stage
- cotyledonse0
- Treatment
- treated seedlingse0
- Outcome
- intercellular spacese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The cotyledons of treated seedlings showed reduced intercellular spaces”
t0“Eruca sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt-treated cotyledons showed chloroplast and peroxisome ultrastructural changes.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Organ / stage
- cotyledonse0
- Outcome
- ultrastructural changes in chloroplasts and peroxisomese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The cotyledons of treated seedlings showed reduced intercellular spaces and ultrastructural changes in chloroplasts and peroxisomes”
t0“Eruca sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Autophagic processes were present at the highest salt levels.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- highest NaCl levelse0
- Outcome
- autophagic processes were presente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salt-induced autophagic processes were present in samples grown at the highest NaCl levels”
t0“Eruca sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Mesophyll thickness was highest at 137 mM NaCl.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- 137 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- mesophyll thicknesse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at 137 mM NaCl, seedlings showed the highest values of mesophyll thickness and fresh weight”
t0“Eruca sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Fresh weight was highest at 137 mM NaCl.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- 137 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- fresh weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at 137 mM NaCl, seedlings showed the highest values of mesophyll thickness and fresh weight”
t0“Eruca sativa”
The same questions in other papers
sodium chloride · growth · Eruca vesicariaPositive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.