Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is second most important staple crop in India after rice. Weeds have emerged as the major biotic stress in wheat. Post-emergence herbicidal combinations are used widely to control the complex weed flora in wheat crops. Over the past decades, micronutrient deficiency has emerged as major constraint in wheat production, especially zinc and iron. The field experiment was conducted at RRS, Bawal, Haryana, during Rabi season of 2018-19. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design having 3 replications; each having 18 treatments. Four herbicidal combinations were evaluated as sole and tank mixed with zinc or/and iron sulphate. Weedy check and weed free were maintained throughout the experiment. The weed index was calculated from the yield of weed free and respective treatment yield. Economic evaluation was made in terms of gross returns, net returns, and benefit-cost ratio. Results of experiment revealed that application of mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron @ 14.4 gha-1 was most effective herbicidal combination among the tested herbicidal combinations and yielded lowest weed index. Tank mixing of micronutrients with herbicidal combinations further lowered down the weed index and even negative values were obtained. Tank mixing of herbicidal combinations with micronutrients was more economical than application of sole herbicidal combinations. Highest net returns and benefit cost ratio was recorded under mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron @ 14.4 gha-1 + ZnSO4 (0.5 %) + Urea (2.5 %) + FeSO4 (0.5 %) followed by sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron @ 32 gha-1 + ZnSO4 (0.5 %) + Urea (2.5 %) + FeSO4 (0.5 %).
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron at 14.4 gha-1 was the most effective herbicide combination and gave the lowest weed index in wheat.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron @ 14.4 gha-1e3
- Interactor
- Weedse1weed
- Outcome
- weed indexe3
- Direction
- loweste3
- Comparator
- tested herbicidal combinationse3
- Setting
- RRS, Bawal, Haryanae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is second most important staple crop in India after rice”
e1“Weeds have emerged as the major biotic stress in wheat”
e2“The field experiment was conducted at RRS, Bawal, Haryana, during Rabi season of 2018-19”
e3“application of mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron @ 14.4 gha-1 was most effective herbicidal combination among the tested herbicidal combinations and yielded lowest weed index”
Claim · model-written summary
Tank mixing micronutrients with herbicide combinations further lowered the weed index, even to negative values, in wheat.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Tank mixing of micronutrients with herbicidal combinationse4
- Outcome
- weed indexe4
- Direction
- lowered downe4
- Qualifier
- even negative values were obtainede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is second most important staple crop in India after rice”
e4“Tank mixing of micronutrients with herbicidal combinations further lowered down the weed index and even negative values were obtained”
Claim · model-written summary
Tank mixing herbicide combinations with micronutrients was more economical than sole herbicide combinations in wheat.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Tank mixing of herbicidal combinations with micronutrientse5
- Outcome
- economicale5
- Direction
- more economicale5
- Comparator
- sole herbicidal combinationse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is second most important staple crop in India after rice”
e5“Tank mixing of herbicidal combinations with micronutrients was more economical than application of sole herbicidal combinations”
Claim · model-written summary
Mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron with ZnSO4, urea and FeSO4 gave the highest net returns and benefit cost ratio.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron @ 14.4 gha-1 + ZnSO4 (0.5 %) + Urea (2.5 %) + FeSO4 (0.5 %)e6
- Outcome
- Highest net returns and benefit cost ratioe6
- Direction
- Higheste6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is second most important staple crop in India after rice”
e6“Highest net returns and benefit cost ratio was recorded under mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron @ 14.4 gha-1 + ZnSO4 (0.5 %) + Urea (2.5 %) + FeSO4 (0.5 %)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron with ZnSO4, urea and FeSO4 ranked second for net returns and benefit cost ratio in wheat.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron @ 32 gha-1 + ZnSO4 (0.5 %) + Urea (2.5 %) + FeSO4 (0.5 %)e7
- Outcome
- net returns and benefit cost ratioe6
- Direction
- followed bye7
- Comparator
- mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron @ 14.4 gha-1 + ZnSO4 (0.5 %) + Urea (2.5 %) + FeSO4 (0.5 %)e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is second most important staple crop in India after rice”
e6“Highest net returns and benefit cost ratio was recorded under mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron @ 14.4 gha-1 + ZnSO4 (0.5 %) + Urea (2.5 %) + FeSO4 (0.5 %)”
e7“followed by sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron @ 32 gha-1 + ZnSO4 (0.5 %) + Urea (2.5 %) + FeSO4 (0.5 %)”
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