Abstract
In the northeast plains of China, the intensive utilization of agricultural soils has been a persistent issue, and finding ways to utilize soil resources efficiently and sustainably through a scientifically-driven management system has become a crucial challenge for agricultural production. Conservation tillage is a crucial technology for sustainable agriculture. Currently, plow and rotary tillage are the dominant methods used in Mollisols, but there is limited information on the effects of different conservation tillage practices in this region. The objective of this study was to investigate the short-term impact of tillage and sowing methods on soil physical properties and corn plant growth and to examine the relationship between soil physical properties and plant characteristics during various stages of growth. This study consisted of four tillage and sowing methods: plow tillage and precision seeder sowing (PTS), rotary tillage and precision seeder sowing (RTS), no-tillage and no-tillage seeder sowing (NTS), and no-tillage and precise sowing in stubble field (STS) (all four treatments involved total straw return). The results indicated that the soil penetration resistance (SPR) in the 10–40 cm soil layer under the PTS treatment was significantly lower (by 11.9% to 18%) compared to the other treatments (p < 0.05). On average, the soil moisture content in the NTS treatment was 2.7% and 1.4% higher than that of the PTS and RTS treatments. Additionally, soil temperature was 5.6% to 8.6% lower under the STS treatment compared to the other treatments during late corn growth. The RTS treatment also significantly reduced the bulk density of surface soil. High SPR impeded early crop growth but did not impact mid-crop development, while low soil temperature was one of the main factors affecting late corn growth and development as temperatures decreased. Based on the comparisons, we found that the short-term implementation of conservation tillage did not result in a significant decrease in corn yield. We believe that the short-term implementation of NTS tillage sowing practices in Mollisol regions is a feasible option.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
PTS lowered 10–40 cm soil penetration resistance by 11.9% to 18% versus other treatments.
- Taxon
- Corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- PTS treatmente0
- Outcome
- soil penetration resistance (SPR)e0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 11.9% to 18%e0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Not reportedOrgan / stage
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the soil penetration resistance (SPR) in the 10–40 cm soil layer under the PTS treatment was significantly lower (by 11.9% to 18%) compared to the other treatments (p < 0.05).”
t0“Corn Plant Characters”
Claim · model-written summary
NTS soil moisture averaged 2.7% higher than PTS.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- NTS treatmente0
- Outcome
- soil moisture contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 2.7%e0
- Comparator
- PTSe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil moisture content in the NTS treatment was 2.7% and 1.4% higher than that of the PTS and RTS treatments.”
t0“Corn Plant Characters”
Claim · model-written summary
NTS soil moisture averaged 1.4% higher than RTS.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- NTS treatmente0
- Outcome
- soil moisture contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 1.4%e0
- Comparator
- RTSe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil moisture content in the NTS treatment was 2.7% and 1.4% higher than that of the PTS and RTS treatments.”
t0“Corn Plant Characters”
Claim · model-written summary
STS lowered soil temperature by 5.6% to 8.6% during late corn growth.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- STS treatmente0
- Outcome
- soil temperaturee0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 5.6% to 8.6%e0
- Qualifier
- during late corn growthe0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil temperature was 5.6% to 8.6% lower under the STS treatment compared to the other treatments during late corn growth.”
Claim · model-written summary
RTS significantly reduced surface-soil bulk density.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- RTS treatmente0
- Outcome
- bulk density of surface soile0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The RTS treatment also significantly reduced the bulk density of surface soil.”
t0“Corn Plant Characters”
Claim · model-written summary
High soil penetration resistance impeded early crop growth.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- High SPRe0
- Outcome
- early crop growthe0
- Direction
- impedede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High SPR impeded early crop growth but did not impact mid-crop development”
t0“Corn Plant Characters”
Claim · model-written summary
High soil penetration resistance did not impact mid-crop development.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- High SPRe0
- Outcome
- mid-crop developmente0
- Direction
- did not impacte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High SPR impeded early crop growth but did not impact mid-crop development”
t0“Corn Plant Characters”
Claim · model-written summary
Low soil temperature affected late corn growth as temperatures decreased.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- low soil temperaturee0
- Outcome
- late corn growth and developmente0
- Qualifier
- as temperatures decreasede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“low soil temperature was one of the main factors affecting late corn growth and development as temperatures decreased.”
Claim · model-written summary
Short-term conservation tillage did not significantly decrease corn yield.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- short-term implementation of conservation tillagee0
- Outcome
- corn yielde0
- Direction
- did not result in a significant decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the short-term implementation of conservation tillage did not result in a significant decrease in corn yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors regard short-term NTS sowing as feasible in Mollisol regions.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- short-term implementation of NTS tillage sowing practicese0
- Setting
- Mollisol regionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the short-term implementation of NTS tillage sowing practices in Mollisol regions is a feasible option.”
t0“Corn Plant Characters”
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