Abstract
Due to climate changes, we encounter irregular and low rainfall. It is important to effectively use groundwater and to select crops that can be grown with deficit irrigation in the summer period. Restricted irrigation reduces water consumption but it may cause losses in terms of yield and quality. Different agronomic practices can be used to minimize these losses. One of these practices is the application of foliar zinc fertilizer. In previous studies, zinc application was found to increase the bioavailability of cowpea grain. In this study, the effects of the application of zinc fertilizer on yield, some yield components, physiological traits, and grain quality characteristics of three different cowpea genotypes (Akkız, Karagöz, and a Local variety) were investigated under full (100%) and deficit (50%) irrigation. The field experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block split–split plot design with irrigation rates (100% and 50%) and foliar zinc application (0 and 60 kg ha−1) with three replicates used each season (2020 and 2021 growing seasons of cowpea) in the field crops trial fields of the Aydin Adnan Menderes University, at the Faculty of Agriculture, located in the western region of Turkey. Yield and quality characteristics such as grain yield, some yield components, grain protein content, grain mineral matter content, and grain amino acid content were measured. According to the data obtained, a 40% yield reduction was observed under restricted irrigation in the first year of the study. It was determined that zinc application under restricted irrigation increased the yield by approximately 10%. The second-year results found that the amount of essential amino acids such as histidine, phenylalanine, valine, and lysine increased with the zinc application. This study highlights that deficit irrigation conditions caused stress in the plant and caused losses in the yield and quality. Still, the severity of this stress was reduced by foliar zinc application, and it was determined that it positively affected grain yield and bioavailability in cowpea.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Restricted irrigation reduced cowpea yield by 40% in the first year.
- Taxon
- Cowpea (Vigna sinensis)
Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculatat0 - Treatment
- restricted irrigatione0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 40%e0
- Qualifier
- first yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cowpea (Vigna sinensis)”
e0“According to the data obtained, a 40% yield reduction was observed under restricted irrigation in the first year of the study.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application under restricted irrigation raised yield by about 10%.
- Taxon
- Cowpea (Vigna sinensis)Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- zinc applicatione0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- approximately 10%e0
- Qualifier
- under restricted irrigatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cowpea (Vigna sinensis)”
e0“It was determined that zinc application under restricted irrigation increased the yield by approximately 10%.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application increased grain histidine in year two.
- Taxon
- Cowpea (Vigna sinensis)Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- zinc applicatione0
- Outcome
- histidinee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- second-yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cowpea (Vigna sinensis)”
e0“The second-year results found that the amount of essential amino acids such as histidine, phenylalanine, valine, and lysine increased with the zinc application.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application increased grain phenylalanine in year two.
- Taxon
- Cowpea (Vigna sinensis)Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- zinc applicatione0
- Outcome
- phenylalaninee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- second-yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cowpea (Vigna sinensis)”
e0“The second-year results found that the amount of essential amino acids such as histidine, phenylalanine, valine, and lysine increased with the zinc application.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application increased grain valine in year two.
- Taxon
- Cowpea (Vigna sinensis)Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- zinc applicatione0
- Outcome
- valinee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- second-yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cowpea (Vigna sinensis)”
e0“The second-year results found that the amount of essential amino acids such as histidine, phenylalanine, valine, and lysine increased with the zinc application.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application increased grain lysine in year two.
- Taxon
- Cowpea (Vigna sinensis)Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- zinc applicatione0
- Outcome
- lysinee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- second-yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cowpea (Vigna sinensis)”
e0“The second-year results found that the amount of essential amino acids such as histidine, phenylalanine, valine, and lysine increased with the zinc application.”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar zinc reduced the severity of deficit irrigation stress.
- Taxon
- Cowpea (Vigna sinensis)Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- foliar zinc applicatione0
- Outcome
- severity of this stresse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cowpea (Vigna sinensis)”
e0“Still, the severity of this stress was reduced by foliar zinc application, and it was determined that it positively affected grain yield and bioavailability in cowpea.”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar zinc positively affected grain bioavailability.
- Taxon
- Cowpea (Vigna sinensis)Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- foliar zinc applicatione0
- Outcome
- bioavailabilitye0
- Direction
- positively affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cowpea (Vigna sinensis)”
e0“Still, the severity of this stress was reduced by foliar zinc application, and it was determined that it positively affected grain yield and bioavailability in cowpea.”
The same questions in other papers
zinc atom · molecular: metabolites · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
zinc atom · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree
39 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
36 papers more in this group
See all 40 papers →application · disease · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results
15 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
13 papers more in this group
See all 17 papers →irrigation · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 50 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
57 papers more in this group
See all 61 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.