Abstract
Abstract Although the functions of most protein effectors secreted by fungi are not predictable, they are known to modulate host immunity and facilitate infection. Fusarium graminearum is one of the 10 most abundant plant pathogenic fungi worldwide. To date, few effector proteins secreted by F. graminearum have been identified. In this study, we screened a putative effector protein Fg62 from proteins that contain signal peptides and unknown functional domains in F. graminearum secretome. Fg62 expression was highly upregulated during the early stages of F. graminearum infection, and its deletion reduced F. graminearum virulence in wheat and soybean. Transient expression of Fg62 or the recombinant protein led to plant cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana , and the signal peptide of Fg62 was required for cell death activation. Fg62 homologs are distributed in two species of the F. sambucinum species complex, which are also able to induce cell death in N. benthamiana . Fg62 activated plant immunity by increasing the expression of defense-related genes, and the recombinant Fg62 protein induced plant resistance to various pathogens. Overall, our results revealed that the extracellular effector Fg62 contributes to both pathogen virulence and plant immunity induction, providing new avenues for the development of environmentally friendly crop disease control strategies utilizing nonpolluting immune-inducing factors.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Fg62 expression was highly upregulated during the early stages of F. graminearum infection.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Organ / stage
- early stages of F. graminearum infectione1
- Interactor
- F. graminearum
_on_Corn_(Zea_mays)_at_Waimea%2C_Hawaii.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium graminearume1pathogen - Gene
- Fg62e1
- Outcome
- expressione1
- Direction
- highly upregulatede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_on_Corn_(Zea_mays)_at_Waimea%2C_Hawaii.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“Fg62 expression was highly upregulated during the early stages of F. graminearum infection, and its deletion reduced F. graminearum virulence in wheat and soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Deletion of Fg62 reduced F. graminearum virulence in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- deletione1
- Interactor
- F. graminearumFusarium graminearume1pathogen
- Gene
- Fg62e1
- Outcome
- F. graminearum virulencee1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Fg62 expression was highly upregulated during the early stages of F. graminearum infection, and its deletion reduced F. graminearum virulence in wheat and soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Deletion of Fg62 reduced F. graminearum virulence in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- deletione1
- Interactor
- F. graminearumFusarium graminearume1pathogen
- Gene
- Fg62e1
- Outcome
- F. graminearum virulencee1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Fg62 expression was highly upregulated during the early stages of F. graminearum infection, and its deletion reduced F. graminearum virulence in wheat and soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Transient expression of Fg62 or the recombinant protein led to plant cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamiana
Nicotiana benthamianae2 - Treatment
- Transient expression of Fg62e2
- Gene
- Fg62e2
- Outcome
- plant cell deathe2
- Direction
- led toe2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Transient expression of Fg62 or the recombinant protein led to plant cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
The signal peptide of Fg62 was required for cell death activation in Nicotiana benthamiana.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae2
- Treatment
- signal peptide of Fg62e3
- Gene
- Fg62e3
- Outcome
- cell death activatione3
- Direction
- requirede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Transient expression of Fg62 or the recombinant protein led to plant cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana”
e3“the signal peptide of Fg62 was required for cell death activation”
Claim · model-written summary
Fg62 homologs are distributed in two species of the F. sambucinum species complex.
- Taxon
- N. benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae4
- Gene
- Fg62 homologse4
- Outcome
- distributed in two species of the F. sambucinum species complexe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Fg62 homologs are distributed in two species of the F. sambucinum species complex, which are also able to induce cell death in N. benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
Fg62 homologs from two species of the F. sambucinum species complex induce cell death in N. benthamiana.
- Taxon
- N. benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae4
- Interactor
- two species of the F. sambucinum species complexe4other
- Gene
- Fg62 homologse4
- Outcome
- able to induce cell deathe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Fg62 homologs are distributed in two species of the F. sambucinum species complex, which are also able to induce cell death in N. benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
Fg62 increased the expression of defense-related genes in plants.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e5“Fg62 activated plant immunity by increasing the expression of defense-related genes”
Claim · model-written summary
Fg62 activated plant immunity.
Verbatim
e5“Fg62 activated plant immunity by increasing the expression of defense-related genes”
Claim · model-written summary
The recombinant Fg62 protein induced plant resistance to various pathogens.
- Taxon
- plante6
- Treatment
- recombinant Fg62 proteine6
- Interactor
- various pathogense6pathogen
- Outcome
- resistance to various pathogense6
- Direction
- inducede6
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e6“the recombinant Fg62 protein induced plant resistance to various pathogens”
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loss of function · Fusarium graminearum · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
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- negative
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See all 61 papers →loss of function · Fusarium graminearum · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.