Abstract
Drought stress is one of the most serious environmental stress factor constraining crop production across the globe. Among cereals, wheat grains are very sensitive to drought as a small degree of stress can affect the enzymatic system. This study aimed to investigate whether nitrogen and pre-anthesis drought priming could enhance the action of major regulatory enzymes involved in starch accumulation and protein synthesis in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). For this purpose, cultivars YM-158 (medium gluten) and YM-22 (low gluten) were grown in rain-controlled conditions under two nitrogen levels, that is, N180 (N1) and N300 (N2). Drought priming was applied at the jointing stage and drought stress was applied 7 days after anthesis. Drought stress reduced starch content but enhanced protein content in grains. N2 and primed plants kept higher contents of nonstructural carbohydrates, fructans, and sucrose; with higher activity of sucrose-phosphate synthase in flag leaves. Furthermore, N2 and priming treatments showed higher sink ability to develop grains by showing higher sucrose-to-starch conversion activities of adenosine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase, uridine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase, sucrose-synthase, soluble-starch synthase, starch branching enzyme, and granule-bound starch synthase as compared to N1 and non-primed treatments. The application of N2 and primed treatment showed a greater ability to maintain grain filling in both cultivars as compared to N1 and non-primed crops. Our study suggested that high nitrogen has the potential to enhance the effect of pre-drought priming to change source-sink relationships and grain yield of wheat under drought stress during the filling process.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress reduced starch content in wheat grains.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivume0 - Material
- YM-158 (medium gluten) and YM-22 (low gluten)e2
- Organ / stage
- grainse1
- Treatment
- Drought stresse1
- Outcome
- starch contente1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Setting
- rain-controlled conditionse3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e1“Drought stress reduced starch content but enhanced protein content in grains”
e2“cultivars YM-158 (medium gluten) and YM-22 (low gluten)”
e3“were grown in rain-controlled conditions under two nitrogen levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress enhanced protein content in wheat grains.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- YM-158 (medium gluten) and YM-22 (low gluten)e2
- Organ / stage
- grainse1
- Treatment
- Drought stresse1
- Outcome
- protein contente1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Setting
- rain-controlled conditionse3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e1“Drought stress reduced starch content but enhanced protein content in grains”
e2“cultivars YM-158 (medium gluten) and YM-22 (low gluten)”
e3“were grown in rain-controlled conditions under two nitrogen levels”
Claim · model-written summary
N2 and pre-drought priming kept higher contents of nonstructural carbohydrates, fructans and sucrose in wheat.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- YM-158 (medium gluten) and YM-22 (low gluten)e2
- Treatment
- N2 and primede4
- Outcome
- contents of nonstructural carbohydrates, fructans, and sucrosee4
- Direction
- highere4
- Setting
- rain-controlled conditionse3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e2“cultivars YM-158 (medium gluten) and YM-22 (low gluten)”
e3“were grown in rain-controlled conditions under two nitrogen levels”
e4“N2 and primed plants kept higher contents of nonstructural carbohydrates, fructans, and sucrose”
Claim · model-written summary
N2 and pre-drought priming gave higher sucrose-phosphate synthase activity in flag leaves.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- YM-158 (medium gluten) and YM-22 (low gluten)e2
- Organ / stage
- flag leavese5
- Treatment
- N2 and primede4
- Gene
- sucrose-phosphate synthasee5
- Outcome
- activity of sucrose-phosphate synthasee5
- Direction
- highere5
- Setting
- rain-controlled conditionse3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e2“cultivars YM-158 (medium gluten) and YM-22 (low gluten)”
e3“were grown in rain-controlled conditions under two nitrogen levels”
e4“N2 and primed plants kept higher contents of nonstructural carbohydrates, fructans, and sucrose”
e5“with higher activity of sucrose-phosphate synthase in flag leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
N2 and priming treatments gave higher sucrose-to-starch conversion activities of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase and sucrose synthase than N1 and non-primed treatments.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- YM-158 (medium gluten) and YM-22 (low gluten)e2
- Organ / stage
- grainse6
- Treatment
- N2 and priming treatmentse6
- Gene
- adenosine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase, uridine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase, sucrose-synthasee6
- Outcome
- sucrose-to-starch conversion activitiese6
- Direction
- highere6
- Comparator
- N1 and non-primed treatmentse7
- Setting
- rain-controlled conditionse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e2“cultivars YM-158 (medium gluten) and YM-22 (low gluten)”
e3“were grown in rain-controlled conditions under two nitrogen levels”
e6“N2 and priming treatments showed higher sink ability to develop grains by showing higher sucrose-to-starch conversion activities of adenosine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase, uridine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase, sucrose-synthase”
e7“soluble-starch synthase, starch branching enzyme, and granule-bound starch synthase as compared to N1 and non-primed treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
N2 and priming treatments gave higher sucrose-to-starch conversion activities of soluble starch synthase, starch branching enzyme and granule-bound starch synthase than N1 and non-primed treatments.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- YM-158 (medium gluten) and YM-22 (low gluten)e2
- Organ / stage
- grainse6
- Treatment
- N2 and priming treatmentse6
- Gene
- soluble-starch synthase, starch branching enzyme, and granule-bound starch synthasee7
- Outcome
- sucrose-to-starch conversion activitiese6
- Direction
- highere6
- Comparator
- N1 and non-primed treatmentse7
- Setting
- rain-controlled conditionse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e2“cultivars YM-158 (medium gluten) and YM-22 (low gluten)”
e3“were grown in rain-controlled conditions under two nitrogen levels”
e6“N2 and priming treatments showed higher sink ability to develop grains by showing higher sucrose-to-starch conversion activities of adenosine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase, uridine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase, sucrose-synthase”
e7“soluble-starch synthase, starch branching enzyme, and granule-bound starch synthase as compared to N1 and non-primed treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
N2 and primed treatment gave a greater ability to maintain grain filling in both cultivars than N1 and non-primed crops.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- YM-158 (medium gluten) and YM-22 (low gluten)e2
- Treatment
- N2 and primed treatmente4
- Outcome
- ability to maintain grain fillinge4
- Direction
- greatere4
- Comparator
- N1 and non-primed cropse4
- Setting
- rain-controlled conditionse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e2“cultivars YM-158 (medium gluten) and YM-22 (low gluten)”
e3“were grown in rain-controlled conditions under two nitrogen levels”
e4“The application of N2 and primed treatment showed a greater ability to maintain grain filling in both cultivars as compared to N1 and non-primed crops”
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.