Paper · 2023 · IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science

Effect of Different Levels of Bio Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Sorghum Genotypes

Hassan Ali Abd; Saddam Hussein Abbas; Safaa Abd Al-Hassan Al-Zubaidy

15
claims
45
verbatim quotes
0
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

Abstract A field experiment was conducted during the autumn season 2021 in one of the farms affiliated to the district of Kuthi (Jableh) located in the north of Babylon province, at longitude 44 east and latitude 44 north, in a sandy loam texture soil. The arrangement of the split plot was used according to the randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D) with three replicates, biofertilizer levels 0, 2, 4, 6 kg ha -1 were used, which occupied the main plots, while the genotypes occupied sub plots, namely (Aniqath, Buhouth70, Rabih, Alkayr, Syrie and American). The traits of plant height, leaf area, chlorophyll content of leaves, number of grains in panicle, weight of 1000 grains, grain yield and biological yield were studied. The results showed the treatment of adding 4 kg ha -1 of biofertilizer excelled in the average plant height cm 2 214.14, leaf area and leaf cm 2 7897 content of chlorophyll 55.72. Whereas the addition of 6 kg ha -1 excelled and gave the averageshowed superior in triats number of grains in panicle2816, the weight of 1000 grains 27.487, and the grain yield was 7.02 tons.ha -1 and the biological yield was 21,791 tons ha -1 . The results also showed a significant difference between the genotypes, where the genotypes Buhouth 70 surpassed in the average plant height cm 2 285.94 and weight of 1000 grains 36.212 g, and the biological yield was 31,038 tons ha -1 , while the Rabih cultivar excelled in the average leaf area 8560 cm 2 , number of grains per panicle 3885, grain yield 7.353 tons ha -1 , harvest index 36.891%. The nteraction between levels of bio-fertilizer and gentypes showed the highest of grain yield trait at the highest level of bio-fertilizer, which amounted to 8.030 tons ha -1 for Rabih genotype.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 15

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Adding 4 kg/ha biofertilizer excelled in average plant height (214.14 cm2) in sorghum

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Treatment
adding 4 kg ha -1 of biofertilizere1
Outcome
average plant heighte1
Direction
excellede1
Value
214.14e1
Setting
field experimente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the autumn season 2021 in one of the farms affiliated to the district of Kuthi (Jableh)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–136 · show in text ↑
e1

“adding 4 kg ha -1 of biofertilizer excelled in the average plant height cm 2 214.14, leaf area and leaf cm 2 7897 content of chlorophyll 55.72”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 771–913 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum Genotypes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–85 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Adding 4 kg/ha biofertilizer excelled in leaf area (7897) in sorghum

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Treatment
adding 4 kg ha -1 of biofertilizere1
Outcome
leaf areae1
Direction
excellede1
Value
7897e1
Setting
field experimente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the autumn season 2021 in one of the farms affiliated to the district of Kuthi (Jableh)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–136 · show in text ↑
e1

“adding 4 kg ha -1 of biofertilizer excelled in the average plant height cm 2 214.14, leaf area and leaf cm 2 7897 content of chlorophyll 55.72”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 771–913 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum Genotypes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–85 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Adding 4 kg/ha biofertilizer excelled in leaf chlorophyll content (55.72) in sorghum

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Treatment
adding 4 kg ha -1 of biofertilizere1
Outcome
content of chlorophylle1
Direction
excellede1
Value
55.72e1
Setting
field experimente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the autumn season 2021 in one of the farms affiliated to the district of Kuthi (Jableh)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–136 · show in text ↑
e1

“adding 4 kg ha -1 of biofertilizer excelled in the average plant height cm 2 214.14, leaf area and leaf cm 2 7897 content of chlorophyll 55.72”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 771–913 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum Genotypes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–85 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Adding 6 kg/ha biofertilizer excelled in number of grains per panicle (2816) in sorghum

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Treatment
addition of 6 kg ha -1e5
Outcome
number of grains in paniclee5
Direction
excellede5
Value
2816e5
Setting
field experimente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the autumn season 2021 in one of the farms affiliated to the district of Kuthi (Jableh)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–136 · show in text ↑
e5

“Whereas the addition of 6 kg ha -1 excelled and gave the averageshowed superior in triats number of grains in panicle2816, the weight of 1000 grains 27.487, and the grain yield was 7.02 tons.ha -1 and the biological yield was 21,791 tons ha -1”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 915–1158 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum Genotypes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–85 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Adding 6 kg/ha biofertilizer showed superior 1000-grain weight (27.487) in sorghum

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Treatment
addition of 6 kg ha -1e5
Outcome
weight of 1000 grainse5
Direction
superiore5
Value
27.487e5
Setting
field experimente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the autumn season 2021 in one of the farms affiliated to the district of Kuthi (Jableh)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–136 · show in text ↑
e5

“Whereas the addition of 6 kg ha -1 excelled and gave the averageshowed superior in triats number of grains in panicle2816, the weight of 1000 grains 27.487, and the grain yield was 7.02 tons.ha -1 and the biological yield was 21,791 tons ha -1”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 915–1158 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum Genotypes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–85 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Adding 6 kg/ha biofertilizer excelled in grain yield (7.02 tons/ha) in sorghum

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Treatment
addition of 6 kg ha -1e5
Outcome
grain yielde5
Direction
excellede5
Value
7.02 tons.ha -1e5
Setting
field experimente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the autumn season 2021 in one of the farms affiliated to the district of Kuthi (Jableh)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–136 · show in text ↑
e5

“Whereas the addition of 6 kg ha -1 excelled and gave the averageshowed superior in triats number of grains in panicle2816, the weight of 1000 grains 27.487, and the grain yield was 7.02 tons.ha -1 and the biological yield was 21,791 tons ha -1”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 915–1158 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum Genotypes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–85 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Adding 6 kg/ha biofertilizer excelled in biological yield (21,791 tons/ha) in sorghum

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Treatment
addition of 6 kg ha -1e5
Outcome
biological yielde5
Direction
excellede5
Value
21,791 tons ha -1e5
Setting
field experimente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the autumn season 2021 in one of the farms affiliated to the district of Kuthi (Jableh)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–136 · show in text ↑
e5

“Whereas the addition of 6 kg ha -1 excelled and gave the averageshowed superior in triats number of grains in panicle2816, the weight of 1000 grains 27.487, and the grain yield was 7.02 tons.ha -1 and the biological yield was 21,791 tons ha -1”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 915–1158 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum Genotypes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–85 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Genotype Buhouth 70 surpassed other genotypes in average plant height (285.94 cm2) in sorghum

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Material
Buhouth 70e2
Outcome
average plant heighte2
Direction
surpassede2
Value
285.94e2
Setting
field experimente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the autumn season 2021 in one of the farms affiliated to the district of Kuthi (Jableh)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–136 · show in text ↑
e2

“the genotypes Buhouth 70 surpassed in the average plant height cm 2 285.94 and weight of 1000 grains 36.212 g, and the biological yield was 31,038 tons ha -1”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1239–1396 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum Genotypes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–85 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Genotype Buhouth 70 surpassed other genotypes in 1000-grain weight (36.212 g) in sorghum

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Material
Buhouth 70e2
Outcome
weight of 1000 grainse2
Direction
surpassede2
Value
36.212 ge2
Setting
field experimente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the autumn season 2021 in one of the farms affiliated to the district of Kuthi (Jableh)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–136 · show in text ↑
e2

“the genotypes Buhouth 70 surpassed in the average plant height cm 2 285.94 and weight of 1000 grains 36.212 g, and the biological yield was 31,038 tons ha -1”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1239–1396 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum Genotypes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–85 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Genotype Buhouth 70 surpassed other genotypes in biological yield (31,038 tons/ha) in sorghum

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Material
Buhouth 70e2
Outcome
biological yielde2
Direction
surpassede2
Value
31,038 tons ha -1e2
Setting
field experimente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the autumn season 2021 in one of the farms affiliated to the district of Kuthi (Jableh)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–136 · show in text ↑
e2

“the genotypes Buhouth 70 surpassed in the average plant height cm 2 285.94 and weight of 1000 grains 36.212 g, and the biological yield was 31,038 tons ha -1”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1239–1396 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum Genotypes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–85 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Genotype Rabih excelled in average leaf area (8560 cm2) in sorghum

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Material
Rabih cultivare3
Outcome
average leaf areae3
Direction
excellede3
Value
8560e3
Setting
field experimente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the autumn season 2021 in one of the farms affiliated to the district of Kuthi (Jableh)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–136 · show in text ↑
e3

“the Rabih cultivar excelled in the average leaf area 8560 cm 2 , number of grains per panicle 3885, grain yield 7.353 tons ha -1 , harvest index 36.891%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1405–1557 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum Genotypes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–85 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Genotype Rabih excelled in number of grains per panicle (3885) in sorghum

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Material
Rabih cultivare3
Outcome
number of grains per paniclee3
Direction
excellede3
Value
3885e3
Setting
field experimente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the autumn season 2021 in one of the farms affiliated to the district of Kuthi (Jableh)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–136 · show in text ↑
e3

“the Rabih cultivar excelled in the average leaf area 8560 cm 2 , number of grains per panicle 3885, grain yield 7.353 tons ha -1 , harvest index 36.891%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1405–1557 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum Genotypes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–85 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Genotype Rabih excelled in grain yield (7.353 tons/ha) in sorghum

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Material
Rabih cultivare3
Outcome
grain yielde3
Direction
excellede3
Value
7.353 tons ha -1e3
Setting
field experimente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the autumn season 2021 in one of the farms affiliated to the district of Kuthi (Jableh)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–136 · show in text ↑
e3

“the Rabih cultivar excelled in the average leaf area 8560 cm 2 , number of grains per panicle 3885, grain yield 7.353 tons ha -1 , harvest index 36.891%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1405–1557 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum Genotypes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–85 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Genotype Rabih excelled in harvest index (36.891%) in sorghum

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Material
Rabih cultivare3
Outcome
harvest indexe3
Direction
excellede3
Value
36.891%e3
Setting
field experimente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the autumn season 2021 in one of the farms affiliated to the district of Kuthi (Jableh)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–136 · show in text ↑
e3

“the Rabih cultivar excelled in the average leaf area 8560 cm 2 , number of grains per panicle 3885, grain yield 7.353 tons ha -1 , harvest index 36.891%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1405–1557 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum Genotypes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–85 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Highest grain yield (8.030 tons/ha) in sorghum occurred at the highest bio-fertilizer level with genotype Rabih

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Material
Rabih genotypee4
Treatment
highest level of bio-fertilizere4
Outcome
grain yield traite4
Direction
higheste4
Value
8.030 tons ha -1e4
Setting
field experimente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the autumn season 2021 in one of the farms affiliated to the district of Kuthi (Jableh)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–136 · show in text ↑
e4

“showed the highest of grain yield trait at the highest level of bio-fertilizer, which amounted to 8.030 tons ha -1 for Rabih genotype”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1620–1753 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum Genotypes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–85 · show in text ↑

inoculation · physiology: pigments · SorghumPositive and negative results

11 papers: 9 positive, 2 negative or no effect

8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. positive

7 papers more in this group

See all 11 papers →

inoculation · growth · SorghumPositive and negative results

76 papers: 65 positive, 11 negative or no effect

64 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

72 papers more in this group

See all 76 papers →

inoculation · yield · SorghumPositive and negative results

76 papers: 68 positive, 8 negative or no effect

67 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. negative

72 papers more in this group

See all 76 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.