Abstract
Abstract Spraying N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N′-phenylurea (CPPU), an exogenous cytokinin (CK) growth regulator, is the conventional method for inducing fruit set during melon (Cucumis melo L.) production; however, the mechanism by which CPPU induces fruit set is unclear. Through histological and morphological observations, fruit size was comparable between CPPU-induced fruits and normal pollinated fruits because CPPU-induced fruits had higher cell density but smaller cell size compared with normal pollinated fruits. CPPU promotes the accumulation of gibberellin (GA) and auxin and decreases the level of abscisic acid (ABA) during fruit set. Moreover, application of the GA inhibitor paclobutrazol (PAC) partially inhibits CPPU-induced fruit set. Transcriptome analysis revealed that CPPU-induced fruit set specifically induced the GA-related pathway, in which the key synthase encoding gibberellin 20-oxidase 1 (CmGA20ox1) was specifically upregulated. Further study indicated that the two-component response regulator 2 (CmRR2) of the cytokinin signaling pathway, which is highly expressed at fruit setting, positively regulates the expression of CmGA20ox1. Collectively, our study determined that CPPU-induced melon fruit set is dependent on GA biosynthesis, providing a theoretical basis for the creation of parthenocarpic melon germplasm.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
CPPU-induced fruits had higher cell density than normal pollinated fruits.
- Taxon
- melon
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Cucumis meloe0 - Organ / stage
- fruitse1
- Treatment
- CPPUe1
- Outcome
- cell densitye1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- normal pollinated fruitse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“inducing fruit set during melon (Cucumis melo L.) production”
e1“CPPU-induced fruits had higher cell density but smaller cell size compared with normal pollinated fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
CPPU-induced fruits had smaller cell size than normal pollinated fruits.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis meloe0
- Organ / stage
- fruitse1
- Treatment
- CPPUe1
- Outcome
- cell sizee1
- Direction
- smallere1
- Comparator
- normal pollinated fruitse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inducing fruit set during melon (Cucumis melo L.) production”
e1“CPPU-induced fruits had higher cell density but smaller cell size compared with normal pollinated fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit size was comparable between CPPU-induced fruits and normal pollinated fruits.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis meloe0
- Treatment
- CPPUe2
- Outcome
- fruit sizee2
- Direction
- comparablee2
- Comparator
- normal pollinated fruitse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inducing fruit set during melon (Cucumis melo L.) production”
e2“fruit size was comparable between CPPU-induced fruits and normal pollinated fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
CPPU promotes the accumulation of gibberellin and auxin during fruit set.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis meloe0
- Treatment
- CPPUe3
- Outcome
- accumulation of gibberellin (GA) and auxine3
- Direction
- promotese3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inducing fruit set during melon (Cucumis melo L.) production”
e3“CPPU promotes the accumulation of gibberellin (GA) and auxin and decreases the level of abscisic acid (ABA) during fruit set”
Claim · model-written summary
CPPU decreases the level of abscisic acid during fruit set.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis meloe0
- Treatment
- CPPUe3
- Outcome
- level of abscisic acid (ABA)e3
- Direction
- decreasese3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inducing fruit set during melon (Cucumis melo L.) production”
e3“CPPU promotes the accumulation of gibberellin (GA) and auxin and decreases the level of abscisic acid (ABA) during fruit set”
Claim · model-written summary
The GA inhibitor paclobutrazol partially inhibits CPPU-induced fruit set in melon.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis meloe0
- Treatment
- application of the GA inhibitor paclobutrazol (PAC)e4
- Compound
- GAe4
- Outcome
- CPPU-induced fruit sete4
- Direction
- partially inhibitse4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inducing fruit set during melon (Cucumis melo L.) production”
e4“application of the GA inhibitor paclobutrazol (PAC) partially inhibits CPPU-induced fruit set”
Claim · model-written summary
Transcriptome analysis showed that CPPU-induced fruit set specifically induced the GA-related pathway in melon.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis meloe0
- Treatment
- CPPUe5
- Outcome
- GA-related pathwaye5
- Direction
- specifically inducede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inducing fruit set during melon (Cucumis melo L.) production”
e5“Transcriptome analysis revealed that CPPU-induced fruit set specifically induced the GA-related pathway”
Claim · model-written summary
CPPU-induced fruit set specifically upregulated gibberellin 20-oxidase 1 (CmGA20ox1) in melon.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis meloe0
- Treatment
- CPPUe7
- Gene
- CmGA20ox1e6
- Outcome
- gibberellin 20-oxidase 1 (CmGA20ox1)e6
- Direction
- specifically upregulatede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inducing fruit set during melon (Cucumis melo L.) production”
e6“the key synthase encoding gibberellin 20-oxidase 1 (CmGA20ox1) was specifically upregulated”
e7“Transcriptome analysis revealed that CPPU-induced fruit set”
Claim · model-written summary
CmRR2 positively regulates the expression of CmGA20ox1 in melon.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis meloe0
- Gene
- CmRR2e1
- Outcome
- expression of CmGA20ox1e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inducing fruit set during melon (Cucumis melo L.) production”
e1“the two-component response regulator 2 (CmRR2) of the cytokinin signaling pathway, which is highly expressed at fruit setting, positively regulates the expression of CmGA20ox1”
Claim · model-written summary
CPPU-induced melon fruit set is dependent on GA biosynthesis.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis meloe1
- Treatment
- CPPUe1
- Outcome
- CPPU-induced melon fruit sete1
- Qualifier
- dependent on GA biosynthesise1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“CPPU-induced melon fruit set is dependent on GA biosynthesis”
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See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.