Abstract
Background: Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer is a valuable crop in Asia especially in Korea and China. However, it takes over 3 years for ginseng to produce seeds due to its lengthy juvenile period. This hinders the industry development and limits potential propagation of new cultivars. Anther cultures could provide homozygous plants within a year, however, P. ginseng embryogenesis using alternative cultures have not been reported.BRMethods and Results: Anthers were inoculated in the callus induction media supplemented with various hormones including auxin and cytokinin. Callus induction occurred in all media, ranging from 62.9% to 83.8%, except for the medium without no hormone. The embryo formation rate was low (0.4% - 4.2%). The highest embryo formation was observed in the medium supplemented with 1.0㎎/ℓ of 2,4-D in isolation. Moreover, addition of gibberellic acid effectively aided in embryo germination. After culturring for 5 months, plantlets with taproot roots were transplanted into the soil and as a result high sprouting rate of approximately 80.0% was observed. The flow cytometry analysis revealed no difference in the ploidy level was found between the anther culture-derived and control plants.BRConclusions: Embryogenesis and plant regeneration of P. ginseng could be contributed by the anther culture to produce homozygous individuals.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Callus induction in ginseng anther culture ranged from 62.9% to 83.8% in all media except the medium without hormone.
- Taxon
- Panax ginseng
Panax ginsenge0 - Organ / stage
- Antherse2
- Outcome
- Callus inductione1
- Value
- 62.9% to 83.8%e1
- Qualifier
- except for the medium without no hormonee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer is a valuable crop in Asia”
e1“Callus induction occurred in all media, ranging from 62.9% to 83.8%, except for the medium without no hormone”
e2“Anthers were inoculated in the callus induction media supplemented with various hormones including auxin and cytokinin”
Claim · model-written summary
The embryo formation rate in ginseng anther culture was low, at 0.4% to 4.2%.
- Taxon
- Panax ginsengPanax ginsenge0
- Outcome
- embryo formation ratee3
- Value
- 0.4% - 4.2%e3
- Qualifier
- lowe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer is a valuable crop in Asia”
e3“The embryo formation rate was low (0.4% - 4.2%)”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest ginseng embryo formation was observed in the medium with 1.0㎎/ℓ of 2,4-D alone.
- Taxon
- Panax ginsengPanax ginsenge0
- Treatment
- 1.0㎎/ℓ of 2,4-D in isolatione4
- Outcome
- embryo formatione4
- Direction
- higheste4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer is a valuable crop in Asia”
e4“The highest embryo formation was observed in the medium supplemented with 1.0㎎/ℓ of 2,4-D in isolation”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding gibberellic acid effectively aided embryo germination in ginseng anther culture.
- Taxon
- Panax ginsengPanax ginsenge0
- Treatment
- addition of gibberellic acide5
- Outcome
- embryo germinatione5
- Direction
- aidede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer is a valuable crop in Asia”
e5“addition of gibberellic acid effectively aided in embryo germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Ginseng plantlets transplanted into soil after 5 months of culture showed a high sprouting rate of approximately 80.0%.
- Taxon
- Panax ginsengPanax ginsenge0
- Outcome
- sprouting ratee6
- Value
- approximately 80.0%e6
- Qualifier
- highe6
- Setting
- the soile6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer is a valuable crop in Asia”
e6“After culturring for 5 months, plantlets with taproot roots were transplanted into the soil and as a result high sprouting rate of approximately 80.0% was observed”
Claim · model-written summary
Flow cytometry showed no difference in ploidy level between anther culture-derived and control ginseng plants.
- Taxon
- Panax ginsengPanax ginsenge0
- Treatment
- anther culture-derivede7
- Outcome
- ploidy levele7
- Direction
- no differencee7
- Comparator
- control plantse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer is a valuable crop in Asia”
e7“The flow cytometry analysis revealed no difference in the ploidy level was found between the anther culture-derived and control plants”
The same questions in other papers
Gibberellic acid · growth · Panax ginseng (ginseng)Results agree
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See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.