Abstract
Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum, is considered one of the essential diseases of strawberries.The importance of nutrient supply against Fusarium infection has been studied, while the severity of Fusarium wilt under nutrient deficiency remains unknown.The effect of F. oxysporum on strawberries under calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) deficiency was studied.As plant material, the strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch) cultivar 'Albion' was used.After growth for two months in the nutrient solution, plants were exposed to Ca, Fe, or Zn deficiency conditions (except control).Next, the plants were exposed to mineral deficiency conditions for two months.Finally, a group of non-deficient (control) and mineral-deficient plants were subjected to Fusarium infection.Disease development and severity were monitored over three weeks.At the end of the experiment, the highest plant decline index was found under Ca deficiency followed by Fe and Zn ones.Fusarium infection caused a decrease in the chlorophyll concentration.Nutrient deficiency or Fusarium infection decreased cell expansion.Fusarium + Ca deficiency decreased xylem conduit diameter.Fusarium + Ca deficiency decreased theoretical stem hydraulic conductivity, while other treatments increased the value.According to the results, the Fusarium wilt severity was higher under Ca deficiency.The results of the experiment suggest that the strawberry growers must deal with Ca deficiency in Fusariuminfected plants.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Ca deficiency gave the highest plant decline index, followed by Fe and Zn deficiency.
- Taxon
- strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassat0 - Treatment
- Ca deficiencye1
- Outcome
- plant decline indexe1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Comparator
- Fe and Zn onese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“At the end of the experiment, the highest plant decline index was found under Ca deficiency followed by Fe and Zn ones”
t0“Effect of Fusarium oxysporum infection on strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium infection decreased chlorophyll concentration in strawberry.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Fusarium infectione2
- Interactor
- Fusarium oxysporum
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium oxysporumt0pathogen - Outcome
- chlorophyll concentratione2
- Direction
- decreasee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e2“Fusarium infection caused a decrease in the chlorophyll concentration”
t0“Effect of Fusarium oxysporum infection on strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Nutrient deficiency decreased cell expansion in strawberry.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Nutrient deficiencye3
- Outcome
- cell expansione3
- Direction
- decreasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Nutrient deficiency or Fusarium infection decreased cell expansion”
t0“Effect of Fusarium oxysporum infection on strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium infection decreased cell expansion in strawberry.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Fusarium infectione3
- Interactor
- Fusarium oxysporumFusarium oxysporumt0pathogen
- Outcome
- cell expansione3
- Direction
- decreasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Nutrient deficiency or Fusarium infection decreased cell expansion”
t0“Effect of Fusarium oxysporum infection on strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium combined with Ca deficiency decreased xylem conduit diameter in strawberry.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Organ / stage
- xyleme4
- Treatment
- Fusarium + Ca deficiencye4
- Interactor
- Fusarium oxysporumFusarium oxysporumt0pathogen
- Outcome
- xylem conduit diametere4
- Direction
- decreasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Fusarium + Ca deficiency decreased xylem conduit diameter”
t0“Effect of Fusarium oxysporum infection on strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium combined with Ca deficiency decreased theoretical stem hydraulic conductivity in strawberry.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Organ / stage
- steme5
- Treatment
- Fusarium + Ca deficiencye5
- Interactor
- Fusarium oxysporumFusarium oxysporumt0pathogen
- Outcome
- theoretical stem hydraulic conductivitye5
- Direction
- decreasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Fusarium + Ca deficiency decreased theoretical stem hydraulic conductivity, while other treatments increased the value”
t0“Effect of Fusarium oxysporum infection on strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments other than Fusarium with Ca deficiency increased theoretical stem hydraulic conductivity in strawberry.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Organ / stage
- steme5
- Treatment
- other treatmentse5
- Outcome
- theoretical stem hydraulic conductivitye5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Comparator
- Fusarium + Ca deficiencye5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Fusarium + Ca deficiency decreased theoretical stem hydraulic conductivity, while other treatments increased the value”
t0“Effect of Fusarium oxysporum infection on strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium wilt severity in strawberry was higher under Ca deficiency.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Ca deficiencye6
- Interactor
- Fusarium oxysporumFusarium oxysporumt0pathogen
- Outcome
- Fusarium wilt severitye6
- Direction
- highere6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“According to the results, the Fusarium wilt severity was higher under Ca deficiency”
t0“Effect of Fusarium oxysporum infection on strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Strawberry growers must deal with Ca deficiency in Fusarium-infected plants.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae7
- Outcome
- deal with Ca deficiencye7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“The results of the experiment suggest that the strawberry growers must deal with Ca deficiency in Fusariuminfected plants”
The same questions in other papers
calcium atom · growth · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Positive and negative results
15 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
This paper is about lacking the nutrient, so it counts the other way round here.
- no effect
- positive
- positive
13 papers more in this group
See all 17 papers →infection · physiology: pigments · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.