Abstract
Water scarcity is a major obstacle to forage crop production in arid and semi-arid regions. In order to improve food security in these areas, it is imperative to employ suitable irrigation management techniques and identify drought-tolerant cultivars. A 2-year field experiment (2019–2020) was conducted in a semi-arid region of Iran to assess the impact of different irrigation methods and water deficit stress on forage sorghum cultivars’ yield, quality, and irrigation water-use efficiency (IWUE). The experiment involved two irrigation methods, i.e., drip (DRIP) and furrow (FURW), and three irrigation regimes supplied 100% (I100), 75% (I75), and 50% (I50) of the soil moisture deficit. In addition, two forage sorghum cultivars (hybrid Speedfeed and open-pollinated cultivar Pegah) were evaluated. This study revealed that the highest dry matter yield (27.24 Mg ha−1) was obtained under I100 × DRIP, whereas the maximum relative feed value (98.63%) was achieved under I50 × FURW. Using DRIP resulted in higher forage yield and IWUE compared to FURW, and the superiority of DRIP over FURW increased with the severity of the water deficit. The principal component analysis indicated that, as drought stress severity increased across all irrigation methods and cultivars, forage yield decreased, while quality increased. Plant height and leaf-to-stem ratio were found to be suitable indicators for comparing forage yield and quality, respectively, and they showed a negative correlation between the quality and quantity of forage. DRIP improved forage quality under I100 and I75, while FURW exhibited a better feed value under the I50 regime. Altogether, in order to achieve the best possible forage yield and quality while minimizing water usage, it is recommended to grow the Pegah cultivar and compensate for 75% of soil moisture deficiency using drip irrigation.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
The highest dry matter yield of forage sorghum (27.24 Mg ha−1) was obtained under 100% soil moisture deficit supply with drip irrigation.
SorghumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sorghum Cultivars”
e1“the highest dry matter yield (27.24 Mg ha−1) was obtained under I100 × DRIP”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum relative feed value of forage sorghum (98.63%) was achieved under 50% soil moisture deficit supply with furrow irrigation.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sorghum Cultivars”
e1“the maximum relative feed value (98.63%) was achieved under I50 × FURW”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip irrigation resulted in higher forage yield and irrigation water-use efficiency than furrow irrigation.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sorghum Cultivars”
e1“Using DRIP resulted in higher forage yield and IWUE compared to FURW”
Claim · model-written summary
The superiority of drip over furrow irrigation increased with the severity of the water deficit.
- Treatment
- severity of the water deficite1
- Outcome
- superiority of DRIP over FURWe1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- FURWe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sorghum Cultivars”
e1“the superiority of DRIP over FURW increased with the severity of the water deficit”
Claim · model-written summary
Forage yield of sorghum decreased as drought stress severity increased across irrigation methods and cultivars.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sorghum Cultivars”
e1“as drought stress severity increased across all irrigation methods and cultivars, forage yield decreased, while quality increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Forage quality of sorghum increased as drought stress severity increased across irrigation methods and cultivars.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sorghum Cultivars”
e1“as drought stress severity increased across all irrigation methods and cultivars, forage yield decreased, while quality increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant height and leaf-to-stem ratio were found to be suitable indicators for comparing forage yield and quality, respectively.
- Outcome
- suitable indicators for comparing forage yield and qualitye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sorghum Cultivars”
e1“Plant height and leaf-to-stem ratio were found to be suitable indicators for comparing forage yield and quality, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant height and leaf-to-stem ratio showed a negative correlation between the quality and quantity of forage.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sorghum Cultivars”
e1“they showed a negative correlation between the quality and quantity of forage”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip irrigation improved forage quality under 100% and 75% soil moisture deficit supply.
- Treatment
- DRIPe1
- Outcome
- forage qualitye1
- Direction
- improvede1
- Qualifier
- under I100 and I75e1
- Comparator
- FURWe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sorghum Cultivars”
e1“DRIP improved forage quality under I100 and I75, while FURW exhibited a better feed value under the I50 regime”
Claim · model-written summary
Furrow irrigation exhibited a better feed value than drip under the 50% soil moisture deficit regime.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sorghum Cultivars”
e1“DRIP improved forage quality under I100 and I75, while FURW exhibited a better feed value under the I50 regime”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend growing the Pegah cultivar and compensating for 75% of soil moisture deficiency using drip irrigation to obtain the best forage yield and quality with minimal water.
- Outcome
- grow the Pegah cultivar and compensate for 75% of soil moisture deficiency using drip irrigatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sorghum Cultivars”
e1“it is recommended to grow the Pegah cultivar and compensate for 75% of soil moisture deficiency using drip irrigation”
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