Abstract
Chickpea is an important pulse grown in semi-arid areas where micronutrient deficiency and water shortage are the major problems for its production. Micronutrient deficiency is a great challenge in developing countries while using nano-fertilizers can solve this problem and improve crop growth and soil quality properties. In this research, three irrigation systems were conducted as trials which were in a randomized complete block design layout (Ir1, full irrigation; Ir2, rain-fed with two supplementary irrigations; Ir3, rain-fed). Also, three nano-fertilizers (Zn, Fe, and Mn) in nano-chelated forms were applied to the crop. The treatment combination (irrigation × nano-fertilizer) by trait biplot model described 97% of the total variability in the chickpea dataset. The Polygon View showed three vertex treatment combinations, Zn-Ir1, Fe-Ir2, and Fe-Ir3, in which Zn-Ir1 (nano-chelated zinc with fully irrigated) was the best in number of days to 50% flowering, the number of day to maturity, the first pod height, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, thousand seeds’ weight, and seed yield. The Vector View showed that the number of empty pods per plant with thousand seeds’ weight and seed yield is independent while the number of day to maturity, the pods of plant, and the seeds of pod showed positive association. The Ideal Tester indicated seeds of pod, the number of day to maturity and pods of plant were ideal traits while the Ideal Entry showed that Zn-Ir1, Fe-Ir1, and Mn-Ir1 (nano-fertilizer treatments under a full irrigation system) were the ideal ones. Integrated use of micronutrient nano-fertilizers can be advised as ideal management for chickpea growers in semi-arid regions under rain-fed and irrigation systems.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
The treatment-by-trait biplot model described 97% of the total variability in the chickpea dataset.
- Taxon
- chickpea
Cicer arietinume1 - Outcome
- total variabilitye1
- Value
- 97%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“by trait biplot model described 97% of the total variability in the chickpea dataset. The Polygon View showed three vertex treatment combinations, Zn-Ir1, Fe-Ir2, and Fe-Ir3”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn-Ir1 (nano-chelated zinc with full irrigation) was best for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity and first pod height in chickpea.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- nano-chelated zinc with fully irrigatede2
- Outcome
- number of days to 50% flowering, the number of day to maturity, the first pod heighte2
- Direction
- beste2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpea is an important pulse grown in semi-arid areas”
e2“Zn-Ir1 (nano-chelated zinc with fully irrigated) was the best in number of days to 50% flowering, the number of day to maturity, the first pod height, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, thousand seeds’ weight, and seed yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn-Ir1 (nano-chelated zinc with full irrigation) was best for pods per plant, seeds per pod and thousand seed weight in chickpea.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- nano-chelated zinc with fully irrigatede2
- Outcome
- number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, thousand seeds’ weighte2
- Direction
- beste2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpea is an important pulse grown in semi-arid areas”
e2“Zn-Ir1 (nano-chelated zinc with fully irrigated) was the best in number of days to 50% flowering, the number of day to maturity, the first pod height, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, thousand seeds’ weight, and seed yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn-Ir1 (nano-chelated zinc with full irrigation) was best for seed yield in chickpea.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- nano-chelated zinc with fully irrigatede2
- Outcome
- seed yielde2
- Direction
- beste2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpea is an important pulse grown in semi-arid areas”
e2“Zn-Ir1 (nano-chelated zinc with fully irrigated) was the best in number of days to 50% flowering, the number of day to maturity, the first pod height, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, thousand seeds’ weight, and seed yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Number of empty pods per plant is independent of thousand seed weight and seed yield in chickpea.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Outcome
- number of empty pods per plante3
- Qualifier
- independente3
- Comparator
- thousand seeds’ weight and seed yielde3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpea is an important pulse grown in semi-arid areas”
e3“the number of empty pods per plant with thousand seeds’ weight and seed yield is independent”
Claim · model-written summary
Days to maturity showed a positive association with pods per plant and seeds per pod in chickpea.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Outcome
- the number of day to maturitye4
- Direction
- positivee4
- Comparator
- the pods of plant, and the seeds of pode4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpea is an important pulse grown in semi-arid areas”
e4“the number of day to maturity, the pods of plant, and the seeds of pod showed positive association”
Claim · model-written summary
Seeds per pod, days to maturity and pods per plant were identified as ideal traits in chickpea.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Outcome
- ideal traitse5
- Qualifier
- seeds of pod, the number of day to maturity and pods of plante5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpea is an important pulse grown in semi-arid areas”
e5“The Ideal Tester indicated seeds of pod, the number of day to maturity and pods of plant were ideal traits”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn-Ir1, Fe-Ir1 and Mn-Ir1 nano-fertilizer treatments under full irrigation were the ideal chickpea treatments.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- nano-fertilizer treatments under a full irrigation systeme6
- Outcome
- ideal onese6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpea is an important pulse grown in semi-arid areas”
e6“the Ideal Entry showed that Zn-Ir1, Fe-Ir1, and Mn-Ir1 (nano-fertilizer treatments under a full irrigation system) were the ideal ones”
Claim · model-written summary
Integrated micronutrient nano-fertilizer use can be advised as ideal management for chickpea growers in semi-arid regions under rain-fed and irrigated systems.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume7
- Treatment
- Integrated use of micronutrient nano-fertilizerse7
- Outcome
- ideal managemente7
- Setting
- semi-arid regionse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Integrated use of micronutrient nano-fertilizers can be advised as ideal management for chickpea growers in semi-arid regions under rain-fed and irrigation systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn-Ir1, Fe-Ir2 and Fe-Ir3 were the three vertex treatment combinations of the polygon view.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- Zn-Ir1, Fe-Ir2, and Fe-Ir3e1
- Outcome
- three vertex treatment combinationse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpea is an important pulse grown in semi-arid areas”
e1“by trait biplot model described 97% of the total variability in the chickpea dataset. The Polygon View showed three vertex treatment combinations, Zn-Ir1, Fe-Ir2, and Fe-Ir3”
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