Abstract
Introduction: Iron (Fe) toxicity is a widespread nutritional disorder in lowland rice causing growth retardation and leaf symptoms referred to as leaf bronzing. It is partly caused by an imbalance of nutrients other than Fe and supply of these is known to mitigate the toxicity. But the physiological and molecular mechanisms involved are unknown. Methods: ). An RNA-seq analysis was conducted in a hydroponic experiment to elucidate possible mechanisms underlying Mg effects. Results and discussion: Addition of Mg consistently decreased leaf bronzing under both field and hydroponic conditions, whereas potassium (K) addition caused minor effects. Plants treated with Mg tended to have smaller shoot Fe concentrations in the field, suggesting enhanced exclusion at the whole-plant level. However, analysis of multiple genotypes showed that Fe toxicity symptoms were also mitigated without a concomitant decrease of Fe concentration, suggesting that increased Mg supply confers tolerance at the tissue level. The hydroponic experiments also suggested that Mg mitigated leaf bronzing without significantly decreasing Fe concentration or oxidative stress as assessed by the content of malondialdehyde, a biomarker for oxidative stress. An RNA-seq analysis revealed that Mg induced more changes in leaves than roots. Subsequent cis-element analysis suggested that NAC transcription factor binding sites were enriched in genes induced by Fe toxicity in leaves. Addition of Mg caused non-significant enrichment of the same binding sites, suggesting that NAC family proteins may mediate the effect of Mg. This study provides clues for mitigating Fe toxicity-induced leaf bronzing in rice.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Addition of Mg decreased leaf bronzing under field and hydroponic conditions.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- Addition of Mge1
- Outcome
- leaf bronzinge1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Setting
- under both field and hydroponic conditionse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Iron (Fe) toxicity is a widespread nutritional disorder in lowland rice”
e1“Addition of Mg consistently decreased leaf bronzing under both field and hydroponic conditions, whereas potassium (K) addition caused minor effects”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium addition had only minor effects on leaf bronzing.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- potassium (K) additione1
- Outcome
- leaf bronzinge1
- Direction
- minor effectse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Iron (Fe) toxicity is a widespread nutritional disorder in lowland rice”
e1“Addition of Mg consistently decreased leaf bronzing under both field and hydroponic conditions, whereas potassium (K) addition caused minor effects”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants treated with Mg tended to have smaller shoot Fe concentrations in the field.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Plants treated with Mge2
- Outcome
- shoot Fe concentrationse2
- Direction
- smallere2
- Setting
- in the fielde2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Iron (Fe) toxicity is a widespread nutritional disorder in lowland rice”
e2“Plants treated with Mg tended to have smaller shoot Fe concentrations in the field, suggesting enhanced exclusion at the whole-plant level”
Claim · model-written summary
Mg supply may enhance Fe exclusion at the whole-plant level.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- enhanced exclusione2
- Qualifier
- at the whole-plant levele2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Iron (Fe) toxicity is a widespread nutritional disorder in lowland rice”
e2“Plants treated with Mg tended to have smaller shoot Fe concentrations in the field, suggesting enhanced exclusion at the whole-plant level”
Claim · model-written summary
Fe toxicity symptoms were mitigated in multiple genotypes.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- multiple genotypese3
- Outcome
- Fe toxicity symptomse3
- Direction
- mitigatede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Iron (Fe) toxicity is a widespread nutritional disorder in lowland rice”
e3“analysis of multiple genotypes showed that Fe toxicity symptoms were also mitigated without a concomitant decrease of Fe concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
Fe toxicity symptoms were mitigated without a concomitant decrease of Fe concentration in multiple genotypes.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- multiple genotypese3
- Outcome
- Fe concentratione3
- Direction
- without a concomitant decreasee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Iron (Fe) toxicity is a widespread nutritional disorder in lowland rice”
e3“analysis of multiple genotypes showed that Fe toxicity symptoms were also mitigated without a concomitant decrease of Fe concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased Mg supply may confer tolerance at the tissue level.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- increased Mg supplye4
- Outcome
- tolerancee4
- Qualifier
- at the tissue levele4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Iron (Fe) toxicity is a widespread nutritional disorder in lowland rice”
e4“suggesting that increased Mg supply confers tolerance at the tissue level”
Claim · model-written summary
Mg induced more transcriptome changes in leaves than in roots.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Iron (Fe) toxicity is a widespread nutritional disorder in lowland rice”
e5“An RNA-seq analysis revealed that Mg induced more changes in leaves than roots”
Claim · model-written summary
NAC transcription factor binding sites were enriched in genes induced by Fe toxicity in leaves.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- leavese6
- Treatment
- Fe toxicitye6
- Gene
- NAC transcription factore6
- Outcome
- NAC transcription factor binding sitese6
- Direction
- enrichede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Iron (Fe) toxicity is a widespread nutritional disorder in lowland rice”
e6“cis-element analysis suggested that NAC transcription factor binding sites were enriched in genes induced by Fe toxicity in leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Addition of Mg caused non-significant enrichment of the same NAC binding sites.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Addition of Mge7
- Outcome
- the same binding sitese7
- Direction
- non-significant enrichmente7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Iron (Fe) toxicity is a widespread nutritional disorder in lowland rice”
e7“Addition of Mg caused non-significant enrichment of the same binding sites”
Claim · model-written summary
NAC family proteins may mediate the effect of Mg on rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Gene
- NAC family proteinse1
- Outcome
- effect of Mge1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Iron (Fe) toxicity is a widespread nutritional disorder in lowland rice”
e1“suggesting that NAC family proteins may mediate the effect of Mg”
The same questions in other papers
magnesium atom · nutrient: content · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
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