Abstract
Excessive nitrogen and insufficient calcium could significantly impact peanut yields. This study investigated the effects of nitrogen and calcium fertilizers on nutrient absorption, utilization, and yield; experiments were conducted using the peanut cultivar from Xianghua 2008 in a split-plot arrangement with two calcium fertilizer levels (Ca0: 0 and Ca1: 568 kg CaO ha−1) in the main plots and six nitrogen fertilizer gradients (N0: 0, N45.0: 45.0, N90.0: 90.0, N112.5: 112.5, N135.0: 135.0, and N157.5: 157.5 kg N ha−1) in subplots between 2015 and 2016 in Changsha, China. We examined the impact of different rates of calcium and nitrogen fertilizers on the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), agronomic traits, dry matter quality, yield and yield composition, nutrient accumulation, and distribution. The combined application of calcium and nitrogen fertilizers significantly affected the yield and yield components, Pn, main stem height, dry matter, and nutrient accumulation. Under the same calcium level, nitrogen application significantly increased the main stem height and Pn and promoted the accumulation of dry matter and nutrients in the plant, particularly in the kernel. Under the same nitrogen treatment, calcium significantly increased Pn and promoted the accumulation of dry matter, calcium, and magnesium. The pod yield increased gradually with an increasing nitrogen application rate (0–112.5 kg ha−1) and peaked at N112.5, increasing by 52.3–138.0% compared with N0. However, excessive nitrogen application (N > 112.5 kg ha−1) decreased the pod yield. Under different nitrogen fertilizer levels, calcium application increased pod yields by 11.5–29.6% by promoting Pn, nutrient uptake, accumulation in the individual plant, and nutrient accumulation in the kernel. Therefore, this study suggested that adjusting the calcium (568 kg ha−1) and nitrogen (112.5 kg ha−1) fertilizer rates significantly improved peanut growth and productivity by enhancing photosynthetic efficiency and nutrient accumulation in calcium-deficient acidic red soil.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Combined application of calcium and nitrogen fertilizers significantly affected yield and yield components of peanut.
- Taxon
- Peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- combined application of calcium and nitrogen fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- yield and yield componentse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e0“The combined application of calcium and nitrogen fertilizers significantly affected the yield and yield components, Pn, main stem height, dry matter, and nutrient accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined application of calcium and nitrogen fertilizers significantly affected Pn, main stem height, dry matter of peanut.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- combined application of calcium and nitrogen fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- Pn, main stem height, dry mattere0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e0“The combined application of calcium and nitrogen fertilizers significantly affected the yield and yield components, Pn, main stem height, dry matter, and nutrient accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined application of calcium and nitrogen fertilizers significantly affected nutrient accumulation of peanut.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- combined application of calcium and nitrogen fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- nutrient accumulatione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e0“The combined application of calcium and nitrogen fertilizers significantly affected the yield and yield components, Pn, main stem height, dry matter, and nutrient accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
At the same calcium level, nitrogen application significantly increased main stem height and net photosynthetic rate of peanut.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen applicatione0
- Outcome
- main stem height and Pne0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e0“nitrogen application significantly increased the main stem height and Pn”
Claim · model-written summary
At the same calcium level, nitrogen application promoted accumulation of dry matter and nutrients in the peanut plant, particularly in the kernel.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen applicatione0
- Outcome
- accumulation of dry matter and nutrientse0
- Direction
- promotede0
- Qualifier
- particularly in the kernele0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e0“nitrogen application significantly increased the main stem height and Pn and promoted the accumulation of dry matter and nutrients in the plant, particularly in the kernel”
Claim · model-written summary
At the same nitrogen level, calcium significantly increased net photosynthetic rate of peanut.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- calciume0
- Outcome
- Pne0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e0“calcium significantly increased Pn”
Claim · model-written summary
At the same nitrogen level, calcium promoted accumulation of dry matter, calcium and magnesium in peanut.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- calciume0
- Outcome
- accumulation of dry matter, calcium, and magnesiume0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e0“calcium significantly increased Pn and promoted the accumulation of dry matter, calcium, and magnesium”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut pod yield increased gradually with nitrogen rate from 0 to 112.5 kg ha-1 and peaked at N112.5, 52.3-138.0% higher than N0.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen application rate (0–112.5 kg ha−1)e0
- Outcome
- pod yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 52.3–138.0%e0
- Comparator
- N0e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e0“The pod yield increased gradually with an increasing nitrogen application rate (0–112.5 kg ha−1) and peaked at N112.5, increasing by 52.3–138.0% compared with N0”
Claim · model-written summary
Excessive nitrogen application above 112.5 kg ha-1 decreased peanut pod yield.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- excessive nitrogen application (N > 112.5 kg ha−1)e0
- Outcome
- pod yielde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e0“excessive nitrogen application (N > 112.5 kg ha−1) decreased the pod yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Across nitrogen levels, calcium application increased peanut pod yields by 11.5-29.6%.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- calcium applicatione0
- Outcome
- pod yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 11.5–29.6%e0
- Qualifier
- Under different nitrogen fertilizer levelse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e0“Under different nitrogen fertilizer levels, calcium application increased pod yields by 11.5–29.6%”
Claim · model-written summary
The calcium-induced pod yield increase is attributed to promoted Pn, nutrient uptake, accumulation in the individual plant and nutrient accumulation in the kernel.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- calcium applicatione0
- Outcome
- pod yieldse0
- Qualifier
- promoting Pn, nutrient uptake, accumulation in the individual plant, and nutrient accumulation in the kernele1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e0“calcium application increased pod yields by 11.5–29.6%”
e1“by promoting Pn, nutrient uptake, accumulation in the individual plant, and nutrient accumulation in the kernel”
Claim · model-written summary
Adjusting calcium to 568 kg ha-1 and nitrogen to 112.5 kg ha-1 significantly improved peanut growth and productivity in calcium-deficient acidic red soil.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- adjusting the calcium (568 kg ha−1) and nitrogen (112.5 kg ha−1) fertilizer ratese0
- Outcome
- peanut growth and productivitye0
- Setting
- acidic red soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“adjusting the calcium (568 kg ha−1) and nitrogen (112.5 kg ha−1) fertilizer rates significantly improved peanut growth and productivity by enhancing photosynthetic efficiency and nutrient accumulation in calcium-deficient acidic red soil”
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