Abstract
High-density planting is an effective technique to optimize yields of mulched cotton. On the other hand, deficit irrigation is an emerging water-saving strategy in cotton cultivation, especially suitable for arid and water-scarce areas. However, the relationships between deficit irrigation, high-density planting, and regulation mechanisms of canopy light radiation and light use efficiency (LUE) in cotton is not yet clear. To clarify the mechanism of light interception (LI) and the LUE of cotton canopies, three irrigation treatments [315 (50% Fc), 405 (75% Fc, farmers’ irrigation practice), and 495 mm (100% Fc), where Fc was the field capacity] with three plant densities [13.5, 18.0 (farmers’ planting practice), and 22.5 plants m2] were applied. The findings of this research revealed that, under deficit irrigation, the above-ground dry matter (ADM) was reduced by 5.05% compared to the farmers’ irrigation practice. Over both years and across all plant densities, LI and LUE under deficit irrigation decreased by 8.36% and 4.79%, respectively, relative to the farmers’ irrigation practices. In contrast, LI and LUE for the highest irrigation level increased by 10.59% and 5.23%, respectively. In the case of the interaction (plant density and irrigation level), the ADM under deficit irrigation and high-density combination increased by 7.69% compared to the control (farmers’ irrigation × sowing practices interaction effects). The LI and LUE also exhibited an increase in 1.63% and 6.34%, respectively. Notably, the LI effect of the middle and upper cotton canopy under film drip irrigation reached 70%. A lower irrigation level resulted in a higher percentage of LI in the lower canopy region. The leaf area index, light interception rate, and extinction coefficient escalated with the increase in plant density. Under deficit irrigation treatment, the LI of the 0–30 cm canopy in high plant density settings increased by 8.6% compared to the control (farmers’ irrigation × sowing practices interaction effects). In conclusion, deficit irrigation and increased plant density improved the interception of LI and LUE of cotton canopy. These findings may help the farmers to optimize their agricultural management strategies in water-deficient areas.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Deficit irrigation reduced cotton aboveground dry matter by 5.05% relative to farmer practice.
- Taxon
- Cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Treatment
- deficit irrigatione0
- Outcome
- above-ground dry mattere0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 5.05%e0
- Comparator
- farmers’ irrigation practicee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under deficit irrigation, the above-ground dry matter (ADM) was reduced by 5.05% compared to the farmers’ irrigation practice”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Deficit irrigation decreased cotton light interception by 8.36%.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- deficit irrigatione0
- Outcome
- LIe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 8.36%e0
- Comparator
- farmers’ irrigation practicese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“LI and LUE under deficit irrigation decreased by 8.36% and 4.79%, respectively, relative to the farmers’ irrigation practices”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Deficit irrigation decreased cotton light use efficiency by 4.79%.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- deficit irrigatione0
- Outcome
- LUEe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 4.79%e0
- Comparator
- farmers’ irrigation practicese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“LI and LUE under deficit irrigation decreased by 8.36% and 4.79%, respectively, relative to the farmers’ irrigation practices”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Highest irrigation increased light interception by 10.59%.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- highest irrigation levele0
- Outcome
- LIe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 10.59%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“LI and LUE for the highest irrigation level increased by 10.59% and 5.23%, respectively”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Highest irrigation increased light use efficiency by 5.23%.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- highest irrigation levele0
- Outcome
- LUEe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 5.23%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“LI and LUE for the highest irrigation level increased by 10.59% and 5.23%, respectively”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Deficit irrigation with high density increased aboveground dry matter by 7.69% versus control.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- deficit irrigation and high-density combinatione0
- Outcome
- ADMe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 7.69%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the ADM under deficit irrigation and high-density combination increased by 7.69% compared to the control (farmers’ irrigation × sowing practices interaction effects)”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination increased light interception by 1.63%.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- LIe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 1.63%e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The LI and LUE also exhibited an increase in 1.63% and 6.34%, respectively”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination increased light use efficiency by 6.34%.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- LUEe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 6.34%e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The LI and LUE also exhibited an increase in 1.63% and 6.34%, respectively”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Middle and upper canopy light interception reached 70% under film drip irrigation.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Organ / stage
- middle and upper cotton canopye0
- Treatment
- film drip irrigatione0
- Outcome
- LI effecte0
- Value
- 70%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the LI effect of the middle and upper cotton canopy under film drip irrigation reached 70%”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower irrigation increased the percentage of light interception in the lower canopy.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Organ / stage
- lower canopy regione0
- Treatment
- lower irrigation levele0
- Outcome
- percentage of LIe0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A lower irrigation level resulted in a higher percentage of LI in the lower canopy region”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing plant density raised leaf area index, light interception rate and extinction coefficient.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- increase in plant densitye0
- Outcome
- leaf area index, light interception rate, and extinction coefficiente0
- Direction
- escalatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The leaf area index, light interception rate, and extinction coefficient escalated with the increase in plant density”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Under deficit irrigation, high density increased lower canopy light interception by 8.6%.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- high plant density settingse0
- Outcome
- LIe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 8.6%e0
- Qualifier
- Under deficit irrigation treatmente0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under deficit irrigation treatment, the LI of the 0–30 cm canopy in high plant density settings increased by 8.6% compared to the control (farmers’ irrigation × sowing practices interaction effects)”
t0“Cotton”
The same questions in other papers
density · growth · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
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- no effect
- no effect
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100 papers in the same direction as this paper · 40 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
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See all 144 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.