Abstract
Abstract With the aim of reducing chemical fertilizers and relying on environmentally friendly natural biofertilizers that promote plant growth and increase yield, especially in gypsiferous soils spread in arid and semi-arid regions, which suffer from physical, chemical, fertility, and biological problems, which in turn affect the density of microorganisms, This experiment was conducted to study the efficiency of the inoculum prepared from the bacteria E. cloacae and E. ludwigii isolated from gypsiferous soils and molecularly characterized in improving the growth and yield of soybeans under different levels of molybdenum in gypsiferous soil, possibly due to its absence, particularly the bacteria responsible for nitrogen fixation. The results showed that the two treatments inoculated with E. cloacae and E. ludiwgii were significantly superior to the uninoculated treatment in all studied growth and yield traits and the percentage of nitrogen and protein in the seeds, and that the treatment inoculated with E. cloacae bacteria was superior to the treatment inoculated with E. ludiwgii bacteria in all traits, as well as the treatment fertilized at the level of 2 kg Mo ha -1 was significantly superior to the non-fertilized in all traits and showed The results of the interaction between inoculation and fertilization with molybdenum showed that the E. cloacae + 2 kg Mo ha -1 treatment was superior to the comparison treatment in all traits and gave values of 278 pod plant -1 , 127.66 g plant -1 , 6.23 tons ha -1 , 6.27%, and 39.13%. 0.36%, 0.071% for the number of pods, weight of pods, grain yield, concentrations of nitrogen, protein, and molybdenum in the seeds, and the concentration of molybdenum remaining in the soil after harvest, respectively, compared to the comparison treatment that gave the values 150.67 pod plant -1 , 68.33 g plant -1 , 3.43 tons ha -1 , 5.42%, 33.83%, 0.33%, and 0.068 for the aforementioned characteristics, respectively.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
E. cloacae inoculation significantly improved all measured growth and yield traits and seed nitrogen and protein over uninoculated treatment.
- Taxon
- soybeans
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- inoculated with E. cloacaee0
- Interactor
- E. cloacaee0symbiont
- Outcome
- growth and yield traits and the percentage of nitrogen and protein in the seedse0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Comparator
- uninoculated treatmente0
- Setting
- gypsiferous soile1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the two treatments inoculated with E. cloacae and E. ludiwgii were significantly superior to the uninoculated treatment in all studied growth and yield traits and the percentage of nitrogen and protein in the seeds”
e1“growth and yield of soybeans under different levels of molybdenum in gypsiferous soil”
Claim · model-written summary
E. ludiwgii inoculation significantly improved measured growth and yield traits and seed nitrogen and protein over uninoculated treatment.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- inoculated with E. cloacae and E. ludiwgiie0
- Interactor
- E. ludiwgiie0symbiont
- Outcome
- growth and yield traits and the percentage of nitrogen and protein in the seedse0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Comparator
- uninoculated treatmente0
- Setting
- gypsiferous soile1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the two treatments inoculated with E. cloacae and E. ludiwgii were significantly superior to the uninoculated treatment in all studied growth and yield traits and the percentage of nitrogen and protein in the seeds”
e1“growth and yield of soybeans under different levels of molybdenum in gypsiferous soil”
Claim · model-written summary
E. cloacae inoculation outperformed E. ludiwgii inoculation in all traits.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- inoculated with E. cloacae bacteriae0
- Interactor
- E. cloacaee0symbiont
- Second interactor
- E. ludiwgiie0symbiont
- Outcome
- all traitse0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Comparator
- treatment inoculated with E. ludiwgii bacteriae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the treatment inoculated with E. cloacae bacteria was superior to the treatment inoculated with E. ludiwgii bacteria in all traits”
e1“growth and yield of soybeans under different levels of molybdenum in gypsiferous soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilization at 2 kg Mo ha -1 significantly improved all traits over no fertilization.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- 2 kg Mo ha -1e0
- Outcome
- all traitse0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Comparator
- non-fertilizede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the treatment fertilized at the level of 2 kg Mo ha -1 was significantly superior to the non-fertilized in all traits”
e1“growth and yield of soybeans under different levels of molybdenum in gypsiferous soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined E. cloacae inoculation and 2 kg Mo ha -1 produced 278 pods per plant versus 150.67 for the comparison treatment.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- E. cloacae + 2 kg Mo ha -1e0
- Interactor
- E. cloacaee0symbiont
- Outcome
- number of podse0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Value
- 278 pod plant -1e0
- Qualifier
- 150.67 pod plant -1e0
- Comparator
- comparison treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“E. cloacae + 2 kg Mo ha -1 treatment was superior to the comparison treatment in all traits and gave values of 278 pod plant -1 , 127.66 g plant -1 , 6.23 tons ha -1 , 6.27%, and 39.13%. 0.36%, 0.071% for the number of pods, weight of pods, grain yield, concentrations of nitrogen, protein, and molybdenum in the seeds, and the concentration of molybdenum remaining in the soil after harvest, respectively, compared to the comparison treatment that gave the values 150.67 pod plant -1 , 68.33 g plant -1 , 3.43 tons ha -1 , 5.42%, 33.83%, 0.33%, and 0.068 for the aforementioned characteristics, respectively.”
e1“growth and yield of soybeans under different levels of molybdenum in gypsiferous soil”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment produced pod weight of 127.66 g plant -1 versus 68.33 g plant -1.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe3
- Treatment
- E. cloacae + 2 kg Mo ha -1e2
- Interactor
- E. cloacaee2symbiont
- Outcome
- weight of podse0
- Direction
- superiore2
- Value
- 127.66 g plant -1e0
- Qualifier
- 68.33 g plant -1e1
- Comparator
- comparison treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“127.66 g plant -1 , 6.23 tons ha -1 , 6.27%, and 39.13%. 0.36%, 0.071% for the number of pods, weight of pods, grain yield, concentrations of nitrogen, protein, and molybdenum in the seeds”
e1“68.33 g plant -1 , 3.43 tons ha -1”
e2“E. cloacae + 2 kg Mo ha -1 treatment was superior to the comparison treatment”
e3“growth and yield of soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment produced grain yield of 6.23 tons ha -1 versus 3.43 tons ha -1.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe3
- Treatment
- E. cloacae + 2 kg Mo ha -1e2
- Interactor
- E. cloacaee2symbiont
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- superiore2
- Value
- 6.23 tons ha -1e0
- Qualifier
- 3.43 tons ha -1e1
- Comparator
- comparison treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“6.23 tons ha -1 , 6.27%, and 39.13%. 0.36%, 0.071% for the number of pods, weight of pods, grain yield”
e1“3.43 tons ha -1 , 5.42%”
e2“E. cloacae + 2 kg Mo ha -1 treatment was superior to the comparison treatment”
e3“growth and yield of soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment increased seed nitrogen concentration to 6.27% versus 5.42%.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe3
- Treatment
- E. cloacae + 2 kg Mo ha -1e2
- Interactor
- E. cloacaee2symbiont
- Outcome
- concentrations of nitrogene0
- Direction
- superiore2
- Value
- 6.27%e0
- Qualifier
- 5.42%e1
- Comparator
- comparison treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“6.27%, and 39.13%. 0.36%, 0.071% for the number of pods, weight of pods, grain yield, concentrations of nitrogen, protein, and molybdenum in the seeds”
e1“5.42%, 33.83%, 0.33%”
e2“E. cloacae + 2 kg Mo ha -1 treatment was superior to the comparison treatment”
e3“growth and yield of soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment increased seed protein concentration to 39.13% versus 33.83%.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe3
- Treatment
- E. cloacae + 2 kg Mo ha -1e2
- Interactor
- E. cloacaee2symbiont
- Outcome
- proteine0
- Direction
- superiore2
- Value
- 39.13%e0
- Qualifier
- 33.83%e1
- Comparator
- comparison treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“39.13%. 0.36%, 0.071% for the number of pods, weight of pods, grain yield, concentrations of nitrogen, protein, and molybdenum in the seeds”
e1“33.83%, 0.33%”
e2“E. cloacae + 2 kg Mo ha -1 treatment was superior to the comparison treatment”
e3“growth and yield of soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment increased seed molybdenum concentration to 0.36% versus 0.33%.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe3
- Treatment
- E. cloacae + 2 kg Mo ha -1e2
- Interactor
- E. cloacaee2symbiont
- Outcome
- molybdenum in the seedse0
- Direction
- superiore2
- Value
- 0.36%e0
- Qualifier
- 0.33%e1
- Comparator
- comparison treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“0.36%, 0.071% for the number of pods, weight of pods, grain yield, concentrations of nitrogen, protein, and molybdenum in the seeds”
e1“0.33%, and 0.068”
e2“E. cloacae + 2 kg Mo ha -1 treatment was superior to the comparison treatment”
e3“growth and yield of soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment increased molybdenum remaining in soil after harvest to 0.071% versus 0.068.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe3
- Treatment
- E. cloacae + 2 kg Mo ha -1e2
- Interactor
- E. cloacaee2symbiont
- Outcome
- concentration of molybdenum remaining in the soil after harveste0
- Direction
- superiore2
- Value
- 0.071%e0
- Qualifier
- 0.068e1
- Comparator
- comparison treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“0.071% for the number of pods, weight of pods, grain yield, concentrations of nitrogen, protein, and molybdenum in the seeds, and the concentration of molybdenum remaining in the soil after harvest”
e1“0.068 for the aforementioned characteristics”
e2“E. cloacae + 2 kg Mo ha -1 treatment was superior to the comparison treatment”
e3“growth and yield of soybeans”
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