Abstract
The investigations were done on the experimental field of the Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University with a typical deep low-humus chernozem. The aim of our research was to evaluate the influence of the main tillage and fertilization systems on the density, reserves of productive moisture and productivity of the agrocenosis of winter wheat and sunflower of the short crop rotation. With the use of soil tillage systems, the indicators of the treated layer of typical chernozem consistence did not exceed the optimal values. A small decrease in soil consistence was observed under differentiated and unplowed tillage compared to the variant of shallow loosening. At the beginning of the growing season of winter wheat in the soil’s arable layer of 0–30 cm, the least amount of moisture was accumulated in the variants without fertilizers and the organic system of fertilization, the increase in the supply of available moisture under mineral and organic-mineral was 0.8-2.9% compared to organic. The plowing with unplowing and shallow unplowing tillage variants significantly exceeded the reserves of available moisture compared to the control by 1.2-5.5% during the wheat harvesting period. The highest yield of winter wheat and sunflower was reached under the mineral and organic-mineral fertilization system. Lower values were obtained under the organic system. The use of shallow tillage, which was carried out with disc tools to a depth of 10-12 cm, led to a significant decrease in the yield of crops compared to the control variant.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage treatments kept chernozem consistency within optimal values.
- Taxon
- winter wheat and sunflower
Helianthus annuus
Triticum aestivumt0 - Outcome
- chernozem consistencee0
- Direction
- did not exceede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With the use of soil tillage systems, the indicators of the treated layer of typical chernozem consistence did not exceed the optimal values”
t0“winter wheat and sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Differentiated and unplowed tillage slightly decreased soil consistency compared with shallow loosening.
- Taxon
- winter wheat and sunflowerHelianthus annuusTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- differentiated and unplowed tillagee0
- Outcome
- soil consistencee0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- shallow looseninge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A small decrease in soil consistence was observed under differentiated and unplowed tillage compared to the variant of shallow loosening”
t0“winter wheat and sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Unfertilized plots accumulated the least moisture at the start of wheat growth.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- without fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- amount of moisturee0
- Direction
- leaste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the beginning of the growing season of winter wheat in the soil’s arable layer of 0–30 cm, the least amount of moisture was accumulated in the variants without fertilizers and the organic system of fertilization”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilization plots also accumulated the least moisture at the start of wheat growth.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- organic system of fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- amount of moisturee0
- Direction
- leaste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the beginning of the growing season of winter wheat in the soil’s arable layer of 0–30 cm, the least amount of moisture was accumulated in the variants without fertilizers and the organic system of fertilization”
Claim · model-written summary
Mineral and organic-mineral fertilization increased available moisture 0.8-2.9% versus organic fertilization.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- mineral and organic-minerale0
- Outcome
- supply of available moisturee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 0.8-2.9%e0
- Comparator
- organice0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the increase in the supply of available moisture under mineral and organic-mineral was 0.8-2.9% compared to organic”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Plowing, unplowing and shallow unplowing treatments raised available moisture reserves 1.2-5.5% over the control at wheat harvest.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- plowing with unplowing and shallow unplowing tillage variantse0
- Outcome
- reserves of available moisturee0
- Direction
- exceedede0
- Value
- 1.2-5.5%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The plowing with unplowing and shallow unplowing tillage variants significantly exceeded the reserves of available moisture compared to the control by 1.2-5.5% during the wheat harvesting period”
Claim · model-written summary
Mineral and organic-mineral fertilization gave the highest winter wheat yield.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- mineral and organic-mineral fertilization systeme0
- Outcome
- yield of winter wheate0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest yield of winter wheat and sunflower was reached under the mineral and organic-mineral fertilization system”
Claim · model-written summary
Mineral and organic-mineral fertilization gave the highest sunflower yield.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- mineral and organic-mineral fertilization systeme0
- Outcome
- yield of winter wheat and sunflowere0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest yield of winter wheat and sunflower was reached under the mineral and organic-mineral fertilization system”
Claim · model-written summary
The organic fertilization system gave lower crop yields.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- organic systeme0
- Outcome
- yield of winter wheat and sunflowere1
- Direction
- Lowere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lower values were obtained under the organic system”
e1“The highest yield of winter wheat and sunflower was reached under the mineral and organic-mineral fertilization system. Lower values were obtained under the organic system”
Claim · model-written summary
Shallow disc tillage at 10-12 cm significantly decreased crop yield versus control.
- Taxon
- winter wheat and sunflowerHelianthus annuusTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- shallow tillage, which was carried out with disc tools to a depth of 10-12 cme0
- Outcome
- yield of cropse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- control variante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of shallow tillage, which was carried out with disc tools to a depth of 10-12 cm, led to a significant decrease in the yield of crops compared to the control variant”
t0“winter wheat and sunflower”
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