Abstract
Abstract The dryland winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)‐grain sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]‐fallow rotation is suitable for large areas of the U.S. Great Plains. High temperatures and potential evapotranspiration limit the number of other crops that can be grown. Sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) is drought tolerant, but crops such as corn ( Zea mays L.) and soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] are perceived to lack sufficient heat and drought tolerance for semiarid areas. A study was conducted near Garden City, KS, from 1991 through 1995 to compare yield and water uses of conventional tillage (CT) and no tillage (NT) corn, grain sorghum, sunflower, and soybean to determine if crops other than grain sorghum are suitable for dryland production. Conventional tillage (CT) and no tillage (NT) were included in a wheat‐row crop‐fallow rotation. Corn and soybean were similar in their depletion of soil water, as were sorghum and sunflower. Below a depth of 1.2 m, sorghum and sunflower removed the most water. Sunflower removed the most water from the last 0.3 m of the profile and probably removed deeper water. Sorghum and sunflower removed an average of 19 mm more water from the 1.8‐m soil profile than did corn and soybean. No‐till increased yields of corn in 3 yr, of sorghum and sunflower in 2 yr, and of soybean in 1 yr. Corn had the greatest yield response to NT, averaging 31%. Average yields of corn were 25% higher than sorghum yields, whereas average yields of sunflower were 83% higher than soybean yields. Other crops can be successfully grown in the wheat‐row crop‐fallow rotation, but sorghum should occupy the most acres until the other crops have been tested under different climatic conditions.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Corn and soybean depleted similar amounts of soil water.
- Taxon
- Corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Outcome
- depletion of soil watere1
- Direction
- similare1
- Comparator
- soybeane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn and soybean were similar in their depletion of soil water”
e1“Corn and soybean were similar in their depletion of soil water”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum and sunflower depleted similar amounts of soil water.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“as were sorghum and sunflower”
e1“Corn and soybean were similar in their depletion of soil water”
Claim · model-written summary
Below 1.2 m, sorghum and sunflower removed the most water.
- Taxon
- sorghum and sunflower
Helianthus annuus
Sorghume0 - Outcome
- removed the most watere0
- Direction
- moste0
- Qualifier
- Below a depth of 1.2 me0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Below a depth of 1.2 m, sorghum and sunflower removed the most water.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sunflower removed the most water from the last 0.3 m of the soil profile.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Outcome
- removed the most watere0
- Direction
- moste0
- Qualifier
- last 0.3 m of the profilee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sunflower removed the most water from the last 0.3 m of the profile”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum and sunflower removed 19 mm more water than corn and soybean.
- Taxon
- Sorghum and sunflowerHelianthus annuusSorghume0
- Outcome
- water from the 1.8‐m soil profilee0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 19 mme0
- Comparator
- corn and soybeane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sorghum and sunflower removed an average of 19 mm more water from the 1.8‐m soil profile than did corn and soybean.”
Claim · model-written summary
No tillage increased corn yield in three years.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- No‐tille1
- Outcome
- yields of corne0
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 3 yre0
- Comparator
- conventional tillage (CT)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No‐till increased yields of corn in 3 yr”
e1“No‐till increased yields of corn in 3 yr”
e2“conventional tillage (CT)”
Claim · model-written summary
No tillage increased sorghum yield in two years.
- Treatment
- No‐tille1
- Outcome
- yieldse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 2 yre0
- Comparator
- conventional tillage (CT)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“of sorghum and sunflower in 2 yr”
e1“No‐till increased yields of corn in 3 yr”
e2“conventional tillage (CT)”
Claim · model-written summary
No tillage increased sunflower yield in two years.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“of sorghum and sunflower in 2 yr”
e1“No‐till increased yields of corn in 3 yr”
Claim · model-written summary
No tillage increased soybean yield in one year.
Glycine maxNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“and of soybean in 1 yr.”
e1“No‐till increased yields of corn in 3 yr”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn had the greatest yield response to no tillage, averaging 31%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn had the greatest yield response to NT, averaging 31%.”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn average yield was 25% higher than sorghum yield.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- Average yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 25%e0
- Comparator
- sorghume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Average yields of corn were 25% higher than sorghum yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Sunflower average yield was 83% higher than soybean yield.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Outcome
- average yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 83%e0
- Comparator
- soybeane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“average yields of sunflower were 83% higher than soybean yields”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommended sorghum occupy the most acres until other crops are tested in different climates.
- Outcome
- should occupy the most acrese0
- Qualifier
- until the other crops have been tested under different climatic conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sorghum should occupy the most acres until the other crops have been tested under different climatic conditions”
The same questions in other papers
tillage · yield · SorghumResults differ
101 papers in the same direction as this paper · 17 in the opposite direction · 4 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
119 papers more in this group
See all 123 papers →tillage · yield · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
49 papers in the same direction as this paper · 16 in the opposite direction · 4 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
66 papers more in this group
See all 70 papers →tillage · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
263 papers in the same direction as this paper · 100 in the opposite direction · 26 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- positive
386 papers more in this group
See all 390 papers →tillage · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
811 papers in the same direction as this paper · 230 in the opposite direction · 57 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- no effect
1,095 papers more in this group
See all 1,099 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.