Abstract
Arid-semiarid regions are characterized by calcareous soils that are often deficient in micronutrients at least in a form that can be easily taken up by the plants. Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an ancient oilseed crop with scanty data on its response to Zn. The purpose was, thus, to examine physiological attributes such as photosynthesis and water relations, grain and oil yield, and dry mass of five S. indicum genotypes under foliar Zn treatment, as exposed to two irrigation regimes. Two field studies were conducted under different climatic conditions, each consisting of two levels of ZnSO4 solution (0 and 3 g kg–1), five S. indicum genotypes and two irrigation regimes, i.e. irrigation after 45–55% (control) and 75–85% depletion (drought) of available soil water. Drought led to up to 55–60% increases in proline, malondialdehyde, and H2O2 concentrations but decreases in chlorophyll concentration, net photosynthetic rate, leaf area index, relative water content, plant height, branching, and consequently 16–30% and 37–48% decreases in grain yield and dry mass, respectively, of different genotypes. Foliar-applied Zn resulted in enhancement in chlorophyll concentration, leaf area index, grain Zn, plant height and branching, net photosynthetic rate and, hence, 6–9%, 6%, and 10–30% increases in grain yield, oil concentration, and dry mass, respectively, of both drought-stressed and non-stressed S. indicum. Results revealed that drought imposes alterations to plant water status, physiological, photosynthetic, growth functions, and yield attributes, but foliar application of Zn is beneficial to these attributes and this benefit is not limited to either drought or non-stress circumstances.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Drought increased sesame proline, malondialdehyde and H2O2 concentrations by up to 55–60%.
- Taxon
- Sesamum indicum L.
Sesamum indicume1 - Treatment
- Droughte0
- Outcome
- proline, malondialdehyde, and H2O2 concentrationse0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 55–60%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought led to up to 55–60% increases in proline, malondialdehyde, and H2O2 concentrations”
e1“Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought decreased sesame chlorophyll concentration, photosynthesis and water content.
- Taxon
- Sesamum indicum L.Sesamum indicume2
- Treatment
- Droughte1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll concentration, net photosynthetic rate, leaf area indexe0
- Direction
- decreasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreases in chlorophyll concentration, net photosynthetic rate, leaf area index, relative water content, plant height, branching”
e1“Drought led to”
e2“Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought decreased sesame relative water content, plant height and branching.
- Taxon
- Sesamum indicum L.Sesamum indicume2
- Treatment
- Droughte1
- Outcome
- relative water content, plant height, branchinge0
- Direction
- decreasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreases in chlorophyll concentration, net photosynthetic rate, leaf area index, relative water content, plant height, branching”
e1“Drought led to”
e2“Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought decreased sesame grain yield by 16–30%.
- Taxon
- Sesamum indicum L.Sesamum indicume2
- Treatment
- Droughte1
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- decreasese0
- Value
- 16–30%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“16–30% and 37–48% decreases in grain yield and dry mass, respectively”
e1“Drought led to”
e2“Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought decreased sesame dry mass by 37–48%.
- Taxon
- Sesamum indicum L.Sesamum indicume2
- Treatment
- Droughte1
- Outcome
- dry masse0
- Direction
- decreasese0
- Value
- 37–48%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“16–30% and 37–48% decreases in grain yield and dry mass, respectively”
e1“Drought led to”
e2“Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar zinc enhanced sesame chlorophyll concentration, leaf area index and grain zinc.
- Taxon
- Sesamum indicum L.Sesamum indicume1
- Treatment
- Foliar-applied Zne0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll concentration, leaf area index, grain Zne0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar-applied Zn resulted in enhancement in chlorophyll concentration, leaf area index, grain Zn”
e1“Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar zinc enhanced sesame height, branching and photosynthetic rate.
- Taxon
- Sesamum indicum L.Sesamum indicume1
- Treatment
- Foliar-applied Zne0
- Outcome
- plant height and branching, net photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar-applied Zn resulted in enhancement in chlorophyll concentration, leaf area index, grain Zn, plant height and branching, net photosynthetic rate”
e1“Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar zinc increased sesame grain yield by 6–9%.
- Taxon
- Sesamum indicum L.Sesamum indicume2
- Treatment
- Foliar-applied Zne1
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 6–9%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“6–9%, 6%, and 10–30% increases in grain yield, oil concentration, and dry mass, respectively”
e1“Foliar-applied Zn”
e2“Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar zinc increased sesame oil concentration by 6%.
- Taxon
- Sesamum indicum L.Sesamum indicume2
- Treatment
- Foliar-applied Zne1
- Outcome
- oil concentratione0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 6%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“6–9%, 6%, and 10–30% increases in grain yield, oil concentration, and dry mass, respectively”
e1“Foliar-applied Zn”
e2“Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar zinc increased sesame dry mass by 10–30%.
- Taxon
- Sesamum indicum L.Sesamum indicume2
- Treatment
- Foliar-applied Zne1
- Outcome
- dry masse0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 10–30%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“6–9%, 6%, and 10–30% increases in grain yield, oil concentration, and dry mass, respectively”
e1“Foliar-applied Zn”
e2“Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)”
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8 of 15 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.