Abstract
Biochar has been increasingly recognized as a valuable soil conditioner, which is beneficial to peanut yield improvement. We conducted a three-year field experiment to investigate the effect of biochar applied at three rates (0 t ha−1 (B0), 24 t ha−1 (B1), and 48 t ha−1 (B2), which were 0%, 1%, 2% of the soil mass) on diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate, soil available nitrogen (N), root characteristics, and peanut yield under two irrigation methods: CK (drip irrigation) and MDI (mulched drip irrigation). A biochar application rate of 24 t ha−1 (B1) increased soil available N, net photosynthetic rate of leaves, and relative chlorophyll values (SPAD) compared to B0. B1 increased total root length, root surface area, root volume and root bleeding sap (RBS) by 8.5∼29.9%, 13.5∼18.5%, 0.8∼12.1%, and 27.6–45.9%, respectively, compared to B0. Significant correlations between grain yield, SPAD, and RBS indicated that biochar enhanced grain yield by improving photosynthesis and root activity. For the irrigation treatments, MDI significantly increased peanut yield, net photosynthetic rate, and RBS, but had no significant effect on soil available N. High biochar application under MDI (IMDIB2) reduced peanut yield in 2020. Moderate biochar application under MDI (IMDIB1) had the highest peanut yield in three years. These results showed that 24 t ha−1 biochar combined with MDI achieved the highest soil available N, root development, and net photosynthetic rate thus which resulted in the highest grain yield, and this could be a management strategy to increase peanut yield.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
A biochar rate of 24 t/ha increased soil available N relative to no biochar.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- 24 t ha−1 (B1)e0
- Outcome
- soil available Ne0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- B0e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”
e0“A biochar application rate of 24 t ha−1 (B1) increased soil available N, net photosynthetic rate of leaves, and relative chlorophyll values (SPAD) compared to B0”
Claim · model-written summary
A biochar rate of 24 t/ha increased net photosynthetic rate of leaves and relative chlorophyll values (SPAD) relative to no biochar.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- 24 t ha−1 (B1)e0
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic rate of leaves, and relative chlorophyll values (SPAD)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- B0e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”
e0“A biochar application rate of 24 t ha−1 (B1) increased soil available N, net photosynthetic rate of leaves, and relative chlorophyll values (SPAD) compared to B0”
Claim · model-written summary
B1 biochar increased total root length by 8.5∼29.9% relative to B0.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- B1e0
- Outcome
- total root lengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 8.5∼29.9%e0
- Comparator
- B0e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”
e0“B1 increased total root length, root surface area, root volume and root bleeding sap (RBS) by 8.5∼29.9%, 13.5∼18.5%, 0.8∼12.1%, and 27.6–45.9%, respectively, compared to B0”
Claim · model-written summary
B1 biochar increased root surface area by 13.5∼18.5% relative to B0.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- B1e0
- Outcome
- root surface areae0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 13.5∼18.5%e0
- Comparator
- B0e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”
e0“B1 increased total root length, root surface area, root volume and root bleeding sap (RBS) by 8.5∼29.9%, 13.5∼18.5%, 0.8∼12.1%, and 27.6–45.9%, respectively, compared to B0”
Claim · model-written summary
B1 biochar increased root volume by 0.8∼12.1% relative to B0.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- B1e0
- Outcome
- root volumee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.8∼12.1%e0
- Comparator
- B0e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”
e0“B1 increased total root length, root surface area, root volume and root bleeding sap (RBS) by 8.5∼29.9%, 13.5∼18.5%, 0.8∼12.1%, and 27.6–45.9%, respectively, compared to B0”
Claim · model-written summary
B1 biochar increased root bleeding sap (RBS) by 27.6–45.9% relative to B0.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- B1e0
- Outcome
- root bleeding sap (RBS)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 27.6–45.9%e0
- Comparator
- B0e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”
e0“B1 increased total root length, root surface area, root volume and root bleeding sap (RBS) by 8.5∼29.9%, 13.5∼18.5%, 0.8∼12.1%, and 27.6–45.9%, respectively, compared to B0”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield was significantly correlated with SPAD and RBS under biochar treatment.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- biochare0
- Outcome
- correlations between grain yield, SPAD, and RBSe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”
e0“Significant correlations between grain yield, SPAD, and RBS indicated that biochar enhanced grain yield by improving photosynthesis and root activity”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute the biochar increase in grain yield to improved photosynthesis and root activity.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- biochare0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Qualifier
- by improving photosynthesis and root activitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”
e0“Significant correlations between grain yield, SPAD, and RBS indicated that biochar enhanced grain yield by improving photosynthesis and root activity”
Claim · model-written summary
MDI significantly increased peanut yield relative to drip irrigation (CK).
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- MDIe0
- Outcome
- peanut yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- CK (drip irrigation)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”
e0“For the irrigation treatments, MDI significantly increased peanut yield, net photosynthetic rate, and RBS, but had no significant effect on soil available N”
e1“two irrigation methods: CK (drip irrigation) and MDI (mulched drip irrigation)”
Claim · model-written summary
MDI significantly increased net photosynthetic rate and RBS of peanut relative to drip irrigation (CK).
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- MDIe0
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic rate, and RBSe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- CK (drip irrigation)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”
e0“For the irrigation treatments, MDI significantly increased peanut yield, net photosynthetic rate, and RBS, but had no significant effect on soil available N”
e1“two irrigation methods: CK (drip irrigation) and MDI (mulched drip irrigation)”
Claim · model-written summary
MDI had no significant effect on soil available N relative to drip irrigation (CK).
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- MDIe0
- Outcome
- soil available Ne0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
- Comparator
- CK (drip irrigation)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”
e0“For the irrigation treatments, MDI significantly increased peanut yield, net photosynthetic rate, and RBS, but had no significant effect on soil available N”
e1“two irrigation methods: CK (drip irrigation) and MDI (mulched drip irrigation)”
Claim · model-written summary
High biochar under MDI (IMDIB2) reduced peanut yield in 2020.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- High biochar application under MDI (IMDIB2)e0
- Outcome
- peanut yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- in 2020e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”
e0“High biochar application under MDI (IMDIB2) reduced peanut yield in 2020”
Claim · model-written summary
Moderate biochar under MDI (IMDIB1) gave the highest peanut yield over three years.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Moderate biochar application under MDI (IMDIB1)e0
- Outcome
- peanut yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- in three yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”
e0“Moderate biochar application under MDI (IMDIB1) had the highest peanut yield in three years”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar at 24 t/ha combined with MDI achieved the highest soil available N, root development, and net photosynthetic rate.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- 24 t ha−1 biochar combined with MDIe0
- Outcome
- soil available N, root development, and net photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”
e0“24 t ha−1 biochar combined with MDI achieved the highest soil available N, root development, and net photosynthetic rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar at 24 t/ha combined with MDI resulted in the highest grain yield.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- 24 t ha−1 biochar combined with MDIe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- higheste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”
e0“24 t ha−1 biochar combined with MDI achieved the highest soil available N, root development, and net photosynthetic rate”
e1“resulted in the highest grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend the biochar and MDI combination as a management strategy to increase peanut yield.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- increase peanut yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”
e0“this could be a management strategy to increase peanut yield”
The same questions in other papers
biochar · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
28 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- no effect
28 papers more in this group
See all 32 papers →biochar · physiology: photosynthesis · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.