Abstract
When applied in the same concentration to tomato plants, cadmium sulfate (CdSO4) and zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) were transported from soil to roots and from roots to shoots more readily than their nano counterparts: cadmium sulfide quantum dots (CdS QD) and zinc sulfide quantum dots (ZnS QD). Compared to the CdS QD, he higher rate of transport of CdSO4 resulted in a greater negative effect on growth, chlorophyll content, antioxidant properties, lipid peroxidation and activation of antioxidant defence systems. Although ZnSO4 was transported more rapidly than ZnS QD, the overall effect of Zn addition was positive (increase in total plant mass, stem length, antioxidant content and decrease in lipid peroxidation). However, these effects were more pronounced in the case of ZnS QD, suggesting that the mechanisms underpinning the activity of ZnS QD and ZnSO4 were different. Thus, the risk of phytotoxicity and food chain transfer of the two elements depended on their form (salt or nanoform), and consequently their effects on plants’ growth and physiology were different.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium sulfate was transported from soil to roots and from roots to shoots of tomato more readily than CdS quantum dots.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Treatment
- cadmium sulfate (CdSO4)e2
- Outcome
- transported from soil to roots and from roots to shootse2
- Direction
- more readilye2
- Comparator
- their nano counterpartse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“When applied in the same concentration to tomato plants”
e2“cadmium sulfate (CdSO4) and zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) were transported from soil to roots and from roots to shoots more readily than their nano counterparts”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc sulfate was transported from soil to roots and from roots to shoots of tomato more readily than ZnS quantum dots.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- zinc sulfate (ZnSO4)e2
- Outcome
- transported from soil to roots and from roots to shootse2
- Direction
- more readilye2
- Comparator
- their nano counterpartse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“When applied in the same concentration to tomato plants”
e2“cadmium sulfate (CdSO4) and zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) were transported from soil to roots and from roots to shoots more readily than their nano counterparts”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium sulfate had a greater negative effect than CdS quantum dots on tomato growth, chlorophyll content and antioxidant properties.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- CdSO4e2
- Outcome
- growth, chlorophyll content, antioxidant propertiese2
- Direction
- greater negative effecte2
- Comparator
- CdS QDe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“When applied in the same concentration to tomato plants”
e2“Compared to the CdS QD, he higher rate of transport of CdSO4 resulted in a greater negative effect on growth, chlorophyll content, antioxidant properties, lipid peroxidation and activation of antioxidant defence systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium sulfate had a greater negative effect than CdS quantum dots on lipid peroxidation and activation of antioxidant defence systems in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- CdSO4e2
- Outcome
- lipid peroxidation and activation of antioxidant defence systemse2
- Direction
- greater negative effecte2
- Comparator
- CdS QDe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“When applied in the same concentration to tomato plants”
e2“Compared to the CdS QD, he higher rate of transport of CdSO4 resulted in a greater negative effect on growth, chlorophyll content, antioxidant properties, lipid peroxidation and activation of antioxidant defence systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc addition increased total plant mass, stem length and antioxidant content of tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Zn additione4
- Outcome
- total plant mass, stem length, antioxidant contente4
- Direction
- increasee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“When applied in the same concentration to tomato plants”
e4“the overall effect of Zn addition was positive (increase in total plant mass, stem length, antioxidant content and decrease in lipid peroxidation)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc addition decreased lipid peroxidation in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Zn additione4
- Outcome
- lipid peroxidatione4
- Direction
- decreasee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“When applied in the same concentration to tomato plants”
e4“the overall effect of Zn addition was positive (increase in total plant mass, stem length, antioxidant content and decrease in lipid peroxidation)”
Claim · model-written summary
The positive effects of zinc were more pronounced with ZnS quantum dots than with ZnSO4 in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- ZnS QDe5
- Outcome
- these effectse5
- Direction
- more pronouncede5
- Comparator
- ZnSO4e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“When applied in the same concentration to tomato plants”
e3“Although ZnSO4 was transported more rapidly than ZnS QD, the overall effect of Zn addition was positive”
e5“However, these effects were more pronounced in the case of ZnS QD”
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See all 18 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.