Abstract
Abstract Climate change has become one of the most complex challenges actually because of its impact on agrosystems (aggravated drought, salinity, etc.) and its subsequent risks on the global food security. Salinity stress (both soil salinity or saline irrigation water) is a significant threat to food security and agrosystems resilience. Selenium (Se) has been reported to mitigate abiotic stress effects, such as salinity, on various plant species. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the impact of an exogenous supply of Se on the alleviation of salinity stress in tomato plants cultivated in the field. For this purpose, a field experiment was conducted on the Firenze cultivar cultivated in the agricultural plot of the Regional Centre for Agricultural Research (CRRA), Sidi Bouzid, Tunisia (9°430′ E, 35°010′ N). Plant irrigation was made using underground water with adjusted salinity for moderate stress (MS, 50 mM NaCl) and severe stress (SS, 100 mM NaCl). Two levels of Se were applied to sprayed plants (0.5 mM, Se0.5 and 1 mM, Se1 in the form of Na2SO4), in addition to the non-sprayed plants (Se0). Plant growth, photosynthetic pigments, photosynthesis and gas exchange, osmotic and water potentials, relative osmolyte content (ROC) and ionic compartmentation were deeply analysed, and their interrelationships were established. Obtained results demonstrated the beneficial effect of exogenous Se application on alleviating salinity stress in tomato plants. Spraying plants with Se significantly increased photosynthetic pigment (particularly chlorophyll a and carotenoids), potassium (K+), and relative osmolyte content in shoots, improved photosynthesis (Pn), and increased osmotic potential (Ѱo, negatively), allowing the maintenance of adequate shoot hydration. The increased K+/Na+ ratio in shoots following Se application plays a key role in the overall plant metabolism under salinity by promoting K-dependent functions (stomates opening, etc.) and decreasing Na-dependent toxicity. The established correlations demonstrated the interdependence of plant growth and photosynthesis on shoot K+, Na+, ROC, K+/Na+ ratio, and Chl a.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Selenium spraying significantly increased chlorophyll a and carotenoids under salinity.
- Taxon
- Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- Spraying plants with See0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic pigment (particularly chlorophyll a and carotenoids)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spraying plants with Se significantly increased photosynthetic pigment (particularly chlorophyll a and carotenoids)”
t0“Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Selenium spraying significantly increased shoot potassium.
- Taxon
- Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.)Solanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Treatment
- Spraying plants with See0
- Outcome
- potassium (K+)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spraying plants with Se significantly increased photosynthetic pigment (particularly chlorophyll a and carotenoids), potassium (K+), and relative osmolyte content in shoots”
t0“Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Selenium spraying significantly increased relative osmolyte content in shoots.
- Taxon
- Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.)Solanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Spraying plants with See0
- Outcome
- relative osmolyte content in shootse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spraying plants with Se significantly increased photosynthetic pigment (particularly chlorophyll a and carotenoids), potassium (K+), and relative osmolyte content in shoots”
t0“Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Selenium spraying improved photosynthesis.
- Taxon
- Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.)Solanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Se applicatione1
- Outcome
- photosynthesis (Pn)e0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“improved photosynthesis (Pn)”
t0“Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
e1“following Se application plays a key role”
Claim · model-written summary
Selenium spraying increased osmotic potential negatively.
- Taxon
- Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.)Solanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Se applicatione1
- Outcome
- osmotic potentiale0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- negativelye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased osmotic potential (Ѱo, negatively)”
t0“Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
e1“following Se application plays a key role”
Claim · model-written summary
Selenium application maintained adequate shoot hydration.
- Taxon
- Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.)Solanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Se applicatione1
- Outcome
- maintenance of adequate shoot hydratione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“allowing the maintenance of adequate shoot hydration”
t0“Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
e1“following Se application plays a key role”
Claim · model-written summary
The increased shoot K+/Na+ ratio after selenium application was presented as promoting K-dependent functions and decreasing Na-dependent toxicity.
- Taxon
- Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.)Solanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Se applicatione0
- Outcome
- plant metabolism under salinitye0
- Qualifier
- promoting K-dependent functions (stomates opening, etc.) and decreasing Na-dependent toxicitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increased K+/Na+ ratio in shoots following Se application plays a key role in the overall plant metabolism under salinity by promoting K-dependent functions (stomates opening, etc.) and decreasing Na-dependent toxicity”
t0“Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant growth and photosynthesis correlated with shoot K+, Na+, ROC, K+/Na+ ratio, and chlorophyll a.
- Taxon
- Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.)Solanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- shoote0
- Outcome
- plant growth and photosynthesise0
- Qualifier
- K+, Na+, ROC, K+/Na+ ratio, and Chl ae0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The established correlations demonstrated the interdependence of plant growth and photosynthesis on shoot K+, Na+, ROC, K+/Na+ ratio, and Chl a”
t0“Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
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