Abstract
Nitrogen fertilizer application is an important means to promote cotton production in saline-alkali land. A meta-analysis and regression analysis of 49 peer-reviewed studies were conducted using yield data (373 data points), dry matter accumulation (114 data points), and water use efficiency (157 data points) to quantify the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the yield, dry matter accumulation, and water use efficiency of cotton in saline-alkali land in China for different planting management practices and different growing environments. The results showed that the nitrogen application significantly improved the yield, dry matter accumulation, and water use efficiency by 34.11%, 36.27%, and 33.87%, respectively, compared with no nitrogen application. The largest improvements in the yield, dry matter accumulation, and water use efficiency occurred in areas where saline-alkali land had been improved for many years, in Eastern China, South Central China, and Northwest China (areas with annual average precipitation ≤200 mm or >800 mm, and annual average evaporation ≤800 mm or >2400 mm), in areas with trickle irrigation, and fields with a planting density of 100 000 to 250 000 plants/hm2. Cotton exhibited the optimal response to nitrogen application at a rate of 300-375 kg/hm2, a basal application ratio of 20%-40%, and top-dressing in the cotton bud, flowering boll, and full boll stages. The effect of nitrogen application increased as the salinity increased. A suitable nitrogen application rate, top-dressing ratio, and top-dressing period are crucial for increasing cotton production in saline-alkali land, although environmental differences and planting measures have to be considered. This study provided information on the correct application of nitrogen fertilizer to maximize its benefits and suggests controlling nitrogen fertilizer inputs in agriculture to protect the soil environment and ensure sustainable agricultural development. Keywords: meta-analysis, regression analysis, nitrogen fertilizer application, saline-alkali land, cotton DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20231604.7802 Citation: Yang C K, Liu H G, Gong P, Li P F, Qiao X, Li Z J, et al. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer application on saline-alkali land cotton in China quantified using meta-analysis and regression analysis. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2023; 16(4): 145-158.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application improved cotton yield by 34.11% compared with no nitrogen application.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Treatment
- nitrogen applicatione0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 34.11%e0
- Comparator
- no nitrogen applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of nitrogen fertilizer application on saline-alkali land cotton in China quantified using meta-analysis and regression analysis”
e0“the nitrogen application significantly improved the yield, dry matter accumulation, and water use efficiency by 34.11%, 36.27%, and 33.87%, respectively, compared with no nitrogen application”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application improved cotton dry matter accumulation by 36.27% compared with no nitrogen application.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- nitrogen applicatione0
- Outcome
- dry matter accumulatione0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 36.27%e0
- Comparator
- no nitrogen applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of nitrogen fertilizer application on saline-alkali land cotton in China quantified using meta-analysis and regression analysis”
e0“the nitrogen application significantly improved the yield, dry matter accumulation, and water use efficiency by 34.11%, 36.27%, and 33.87%, respectively, compared with no nitrogen application”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application improved cotton water use efficiency by 33.87% compared with no nitrogen application.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- nitrogen applicatione0
- Outcome
- water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 33.87%e0
- Comparator
- no nitrogen applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of nitrogen fertilizer application on saline-alkali land cotton in China quantified using meta-analysis and regression analysis”
e0“the nitrogen application significantly improved the yield, dry matter accumulation, and water use efficiency by 34.11%, 36.27%, and 33.87%, respectively, compared with no nitrogen application”
Claim · model-written summary
The largest improvements in cotton yield, dry matter and water use efficiency occurred where saline-alkali land had been improved for many years, in Eastern China, South Central China and Northwest China.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- improvements in the yield, dry matter accumulation, and water use efficiencye1
- Direction
- largeste1
- Qualifier
- where saline-alkali land had been improved for many yearse1
- Setting
- Eastern China, South Central China, and Northwest Chinae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of nitrogen fertilizer application on saline-alkali land cotton in China quantified using meta-analysis and regression analysis”
e1“The largest improvements in the yield, dry matter accumulation, and water use efficiency occurred in areas where saline-alkali land had been improved for many years, in Eastern China, South Central China, and Northwest China (areas with annual average precipitation ≤200 mm or >800 mm, and annual average evaporation ≤800 mm or >2400 mm)”
Claim · model-written summary
The largest improvements in cotton yield, dry matter and water use efficiency occurred with trickle irrigation and a planting density of 100 000 to 250 000 plants/hm2.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- trickle irrigatione2
- Outcome
- improvements in the yield, dry matter accumulation, and water use efficiencye1
- Direction
- largeste1
- Qualifier
- a planting density of 100 000 to 250 000 plants/hm2e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of nitrogen fertilizer application on saline-alkali land cotton in China quantified using meta-analysis and regression analysis”
e1“The largest improvements in the yield, dry matter accumulation, and water use efficiency occurred in areas where saline-alkali land had been improved for many years, in Eastern China, South Central China, and Northwest China (areas with annual average precipitation ≤200 mm or >800 mm, and annual average evaporation ≤800 mm or >2400 mm)”
e2“in areas with trickle irrigation, and fields with a planting density of 100 000 to 250 000 plants/hm2”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton had an optimal response to nitrogen application at a rate of 300-375 kg/hm2.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume3
- Treatment
- nitrogen application at a rate of 300-375 kg/hm2e3
- Outcome
- optimal response to nitrogen applicatione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Cotton exhibited the optimal response to nitrogen application at a rate of 300-375 kg/hm2, a basal application ratio of 20%-40%, and top-dressing in the cotton bud, flowering boll, and full boll stages”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton had an optimal response to a basal nitrogen application ratio of 20%-40%.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume3
- Treatment
- a basal application ratio of 20%-40%e3
- Outcome
- optimal response to nitrogen applicatione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Cotton exhibited the optimal response to nitrogen application at a rate of 300-375 kg/hm2, a basal application ratio of 20%-40%, and top-dressing in the cotton bud, flowering boll, and full boll stages”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton had an optimal response to top-dressing in the cotton bud, flowering boll and full boll stages.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume3
- Organ / stage
- the cotton bud, flowering boll, and full boll stagese3
- Treatment
- top-dressinge3
- Outcome
- optimal response to nitrogen applicatione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Cotton exhibited the optimal response to nitrogen application at a rate of 300-375 kg/hm2, a basal application ratio of 20%-40%, and top-dressing in the cotton bud, flowering boll, and full boll stages”
Claim · model-written summary
The effect of nitrogen application increased as salinity increased.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- nitrogen applicatione4
- Outcome
- effect of nitrogen applicatione4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Qualifier
- as the salinity increasede4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of nitrogen fertilizer application on saline-alkali land cotton in China quantified using meta-analysis and regression analysis”
e4“The effect of nitrogen application increased as the salinity increased”
Claim · model-written summary
A suitable nitrogen rate, top-dressing ratio and top-dressing period are crucial for increasing cotton production on saline-alkali land.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume5
- Outcome
- increasing cotton production in saline-alkali lande5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“A suitable nitrogen application rate, top-dressing ratio, and top-dressing period are crucial for increasing cotton production in saline-alkali land”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilizer inputs should be controlled to protect the soil environment and ensure sustainable agricultural development.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- protect the soil environment and ensure sustainable agricultural developmente6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of nitrogen fertilizer application on saline-alkali land cotton in China quantified using meta-analysis and regression analysis”
e6“suggests controlling nitrogen fertilizer inputs in agriculture to protect the soil environment and ensure sustainable agricultural development”
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See all 343 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.