Abstract
The basic/helix–loop–helix (bHLH) family is a major family of transcription factors in plants. Although it has been reported that bHLH plays a defensive role against pathogen infection in plants, there is no comprehensive study on the bHLH-related defence response in rose (Rosa sp.). In this study, a genome-wide analysis of bHLH family genes (RcbHLHs) in rose was carried out, including their phylogenetic relationships, gene structure, chromosome localization and collinearity analysis. Via phylogenetic analysis, a total of 121 RcbHLH genes in the rose genome were divided into 21 sub-groups. These RcbHLHs are unevenly distributed in all 7 chromosomes of rose. The occurrence of gene duplication events indicates that whole-genome duplication and segmental duplication may play a key role in gene duplication. Ratios of non-synonymous to synonymous mutation frequency (Ka/Ks) analysis showed that the replicated RcbHLH genes mainly underwent purification selection, and their functional differentiation was limited. Gene expression analysis showed that 46 RcbHLHs were differentially expressed in rose petals upon B. cinerea infection. It is speculated that these RcbHLHs are candidate genes that regulate the response of rose plants to B. cinerea infection. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) confirmed that RcbHLH112 in rose is a susceptibility factor for infection with B. cinerea. This study provides useful information for further study of the functions of the rose bHLH gene family.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
The rose genome contained 121 RcbHLH genes divided into 21 subgroups.
Verbatim
e0“a total of 121 RcbHLH genes in the rose genome were divided into 21 sub-groups”
Claim · model-written summary
RcbHLH genes were unevenly distributed across all seven rose chromosomes.
Verbatim
e0“These RcbHLHs are unevenly distributed in all 7 chromosomes of rose”
Claim · model-written summary
Whole-genome and segmental duplication may have played key roles in rose RcbHLH gene duplication.
Verbatim
e0“whole-genome duplication and segmental duplication may play a key role in gene duplication”
t0“Rose (Rosa Chinensis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Replicated rose RcbHLH genes mainly underwent purifying selection.
Verbatim
e0“the replicated RcbHLH genes mainly underwent purification selection”
t0“Rose (Rosa Chinensis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Functional differentiation of replicated rose RcbHLH genes was limited.
Verbatim
e0“their functional differentiation was limited”
t0“Rose (Rosa Chinensis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Forty-six rose RcbHLH genes were differentially expressed in petals upon B. cinerea infection.
Verbatim
e0“46 RcbHLHs were differentially expressed in rose petals upon B. cinerea infection”
Claim · model-written summary
Rose RcbHLH112 was confirmed as a susceptibility factor for B. cinerea infection by gene silencing.
- Taxon
- rosee0
- Treatment
- Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS)e0
- Interactor
- B. cinereae0pathogen
- Gene
- RcbHLH112e0
- Outcome
- susceptibility factor for infection with B. cinereae0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) confirmed that RcbHLH112 in rose is a susceptibility factor for infection with B. cinerea”
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