Abstract
Abstract Hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.) is a reemerging crop that was once deeply rooted in many global civilizations. Due to climate change and the increasing risk of water‐deficit situations, it is important to use water judiciously. Hemp production has interested many producers; however, due to its past illegal status, there is a lack of research‐based knowledge about the physiological parameters that are affected by drought and which parameters could be responsible for drought tolerance. Therefore, our objective was to study and understand the effects of different drought intensities and timings on physiological parameters such as water‐use efficiency (WUE), photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and fluorescence parameters and determine if cultivar variation exists as this could mean the possibility of selection for drought‐tolerant cultivars. In addition, we tested if carbon isotope discrimination can be used to predict whole plant WUE as this technique is quick and allows moderate throughput for selection. Hemp cultivars BaOx and Cherry Mom were grown in a greenhouse from July to October during 2021 and 2022 under different water stress intensities and timings. During the water stress period, WUE was determined by the gravimetric method and photosynthetic traits were measured using two portable gas analyzers (LI‐6800). Moderate water stress (30%–50% field capacity) was found to have the least effect on physiological parameters studied, while intense water stresses significantly reduced many physiological parameters such as photosynthesis, stomatal conductance ( g s ), and electron transport rate (ETR). It was found that the cultivar BaOx had a greater WUE than Cherry Mom. This was confirmed with carbon isotope discrimination measurements, which were demonstrated to estimate WUE accurately, and therefore, this technique could be used for germplasm screening. Drought first decreased g s , which caused the reduction in photosynthesis, although cultivar variation in these traits was not observed. Twenty days after drought, negative effects on fluoresce parameters such as ETR were observed with the cultivar Cherry Mon being more affected. This study states that hemp is negatively affected by different timings and intensities of drought; however, there is physiological variation in the response between cultivars. More research is needed to investigate the sources of genotypic variation in physiological parameters to find the sources of drought tolerance.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Moderate water stress had the least effect on studied physiological parameters.
- Taxon
- Cannabis sativa L.
Cannabis sativat0 - Treatment
- Moderate water stress (30%–50% field capacity)e0
- Outcome
- physiological parameters studiede0
- Direction
- least effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Moderate water stress (30%–50% field capacity) was found to have the least effect on physiological parameters studied”
t0“Cannabis sativa L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Intense water stress significantly reduced photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and electron transport rate.
- Taxon
- Cannabis sativa L.Cannabis sativat0
- Treatment
- intense water stressese0
- Outcome
- photosynthesis, stomatal conductance ( g s ), and electron transport rate (ETR)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“intense water stresses significantly reduced many physiological parameters such as photosynthesis, stomatal conductance ( g s ), and electron transport rate (ETR)”
t0“Cannabis sativa L.”
Claim · model-written summary
BaOx had greater water-use efficiency than Cherry Mom.
- Taxon
- Cannabis sativa L.Cannabis sativat0
- Material
- BaOxe0
- Outcome
- WUEe0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- Cherry Mome0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the cultivar BaOx had a greater WUE than Cherry Mom”
t0“Cannabis sativa L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbon isotope discrimination accurately estimated water-use efficiency.
- Taxon
- Cannabis sativa L.Cannabis sativat0
- Outcome
- estimate WUE accuratelye0
- Value
- accuratelye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“carbon isotope discrimination measurements, which were demonstrated to estimate WUE accurately”
t0“Cannabis sativa L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbon isotope discrimination could be used to screen germplasm.
- Taxon
- Cannabis sativa L.Cannabis sativat0
- Outcome
- germplasm screeninge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this technique could be used for germplasm screening”
t0“Cannabis sativa L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought first reduced stomatal conductance.
- Taxon
- Cannabis sativa L.Cannabis sativat0
- Treatment
- Droughte0
- Outcome
- g se0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought first decreased g s”
t0“Cannabis sativa L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced stomatal conductance caused lower photosynthesis under drought.
- Taxon
- Cannabis sativa L.Cannabis sativat0
- Outcome
- photosynthesise0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Qualifier
- decreased g se0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought first decreased g s , which caused the reduction in photosynthesis”
t0“Cannabis sativa L.”
Claim · model-written summary
The cultivars showed no variation in stomatal conductance and photosynthetic drought responses.
- Taxon
- Cannabis sativa L.Cannabis sativat0
- Outcome
- cultivar variation in these traitse0
- Direction
- not observede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cultivar variation in these traits was not observed”
t0“Cannabis sativa L.”
Claim · model-written summary
After twenty days of drought, electron transport rate was negatively affected.
- Taxon
- Cannabis sativa L.Cannabis sativat0
- Treatment
- droughte0
- Outcome
- ETRe0
- Direction
- negative effectse0
- Qualifier
- Twenty days after droughte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Twenty days after drought, negative effects on fluoresce parameters such as ETR were observed”
t0“Cannabis sativa L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cherry Mon was more affected in fluorescence parameters after twenty days of drought.
- Taxon
- Cannabis sativa L.Cannabis sativat0
- Material
- Cherry Mone0
- Outcome
- fluoresce parameters such as ETRe0
- Direction
- more affectede0
- Qualifier
- Twenty days after droughte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Twenty days after drought, negative effects on fluoresce parameters such as ETR were observed with the cultivar Cherry Mon being more affected.”
t0“Cannabis sativa L.”
The same questions in other papers
drought · physiology: gas exchange · Cannabis sativaPositive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
drought · physiology: photosynthesis · Cannabis sativaPositive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.