Paper · 2023 · Plants

Effects of Planting Density and Nitrogen Fertilization on the Growth of Forage Rice in Reclaimed and General Paddy Fields

Yeongmi Jang; Khulan Sharavdorj; Youngjik Ahn; et al.

11
claims
24
verbatim quotes
4
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to identify the different effects exerted by planting density and nitrogen fertilization on high-salinity reclaimed paddy fields (RPF) and general paddy fields (GPFs), and to find the amount of fertilization and the planting density suitable for the growth of forage rice in each paddy field. Nitrogen fertilization with high-salt and low-salt soils, an untreated control plot, treatment with 200 kg/ha, 300 kg/ha, and 400 kg/ha, and planting densities of 30 cm × 10 cm and 30 cm × 16 cm, growth, and feed values were investigated. In both experimental locations, there was no significant change in the soil due to N treatment, but in the case of RPF, electrical conductivity (EC) decreased significantly from more than 5 dS/m to up to 2.87 dS/m during the yellow ripe stage due to the influence of floods and concentrated precipitation in the fields. In all soils, as both the amount of N treatment and the planting density increased, there was a proportional relationship in which the number of tillers and the dry weight also increased, with the occurrence of lodging also being increased. The dry weight, as expected, was 1.5 times higher at a planting distance of 10 cm, rather than 16 cm. In addition, in both locations, the N treatment led to an increase in the dry weight, but when N treatment reached 400 kg/ha (2.0), the dry weight decreased instead. Moreover, although there was no clear difference in feed value according to N treatment, in RPF, the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) was higher than 60%, the relative feed value (RFV) was less than 98, and the total digestible nutrient (TDN) was also low, confirming that the quality of rice was higher in GPF.

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Claims 11

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen treatment caused no significant change in the soil.

Taxon
forage ricee0
Treatment
N treatmente1
Outcome
change in the soile1
Direction
no significant changee1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“to find the amount of fertilization and the planting density suitable for the growth of forage rice in each paddy field”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 201–320 · show in text ↑
e1

“there was no significant change in the soil due to N treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 593–655 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Soil electrical conductivity in reclaimed paddy fields decreased significantly, from more than 5 dS/m to up to 2.87 dS/m, during the yellow ripe stage owing to floods and concentrated precipitation.

Taxon
forage ricee0
Outcome
electrical conductivity (EC)e2
Direction
decreasede2
Value
from more than 5 dS/m to up to 2.87 dS/me2
Qualifier
during the yellow ripe stage due to the influence of floods and concentrated precipitatione2

Verbatim

e0

“to find the amount of fertilization and the planting density suitable for the growth of forage rice in each paddy field”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 201–320 · show in text ↑
e2

“electrical conductivity (EC) decreased significantly from more than 5 dS/m to up to 2.87 dS/m during the yellow ripe stage due to the influence of floods and concentrated precipitation in the fields”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 681–879 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tiller number and dry weight of forage rice increased proportionally with the amount of N treatment in all soils.

Taxon
forage ricee0
Treatment
amount of N treatmente3
Outcome
number of tillers and the dry weighte3
Direction
increasede3

Verbatim

e0

“to find the amount of fertilization and the planting density suitable for the growth of forage rice in each paddy field”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 201–320 · show in text ↑
e3

“In all soils, as both the amount of N treatment and the planting density increased, there was a proportional relationship in which the number of tillers and the dry weight also increased, with the occurrence of lodging also being increased”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 881–1120 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Lodging of forage rice increased with planting density and N treatment.

Taxon
forage ricee0
Treatment
planting densitye3
Outcome
occurrence of lodginge3
Direction
increasede3

Verbatim

e0

“to find the amount of fertilization and the planting density suitable for the growth of forage rice in each paddy field”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 201–320 · show in text ↑
e3

“In all soils, as both the amount of N treatment and the planting density increased, there was a proportional relationship in which the number of tillers and the dry weight also increased, with the occurrence of lodging also being increased”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 881–1120 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Dry weight was 1.5 times higher at a planting distance of 10 cm than at 16 cm.

Taxon
forage ricee0
Treatment
planting distance of 10 cme4
Outcome
dry weighte4
Direction
highere4
Value
1.5 timese4
Comparator
16 cme4

Verbatim

e0

“to find the amount of fertilization and the planting density suitable for the growth of forage rice in each paddy field”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 201–320 · show in text ↑
e4

“The dry weight, as expected, was 1.5 times higher at a planting distance of 10 cm, rather than 16 cm”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1122–1222 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

N treatment increased the dry weight of forage rice in both locations.

Taxon
forage ricee0
Treatment
N treatmente5
Outcome
dry weighte5
Direction
increasee5

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“to find the amount of fertilization and the planting density suitable for the growth of forage rice in each paddy field”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 201–320 · show in text ↑
e5

“the N treatment led to an increase in the dry weight, but when N treatment reached 400 kg/ha (2.0), the dry weight decreased instead”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1256–1388 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Dry weight decreased when N treatment reached 400 kg/ha.

Taxon
forage ricee0
Treatment
400 kg/hae5
Outcome
dry weighte5
Direction
decreasede5

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“to find the amount of fertilization and the planting density suitable for the growth of forage rice in each paddy field”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 201–320 · show in text ↑
e5

“the N treatment led to an increase in the dry weight, but when N treatment reached 400 kg/ha (2.0), the dry weight decreased instead”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1256–1388 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Neutral detergent fiber of forage rice in RPF was higher than 60%.

Taxon
forage ricee0
Outcome
neutral detergent fiber (NDF)e6
Direction
highere6
Value
60%e6
Setting
RPFe6

Verbatim

e0

“to find the amount of fertilization and the planting density suitable for the growth of forage rice in each paddy field”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 201–320 · show in text ↑
e6

“in RPF, the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) was higher than 60%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1479–1540 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Relative feed value of forage rice in RPF was less than 98.

Taxon
forage ricee0
Outcome
relative feed value (RFV)e7
Direction
lesse7
Value
98e7
Setting
RPFe6

Verbatim

e0

“to find the amount of fertilization and the planting density suitable for the growth of forage rice in each paddy field”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 201–320 · show in text ↑
e6

“in RPF, the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) was higher than 60%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1479–1540 · show in text ↑
e7

“the relative feed value (RFV) was less than 98, and the total digestible nutrient (TDN) was also low, confirming that the quality of rice was higher in GPF”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1542–1697 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Total digestible nutrient of forage rice in RPF was low.

Taxon
forage ricee0
Outcome
total digestible nutrient (TDN)e7
Direction
lowe7
Setting
RPFe6

Verbatim

e0

“to find the amount of fertilization and the planting density suitable for the growth of forage rice in each paddy field”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 201–320 · show in text ↑
e6

“in RPF, the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) was higher than 60%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1479–1540 · show in text ↑
e7

“the relative feed value (RFV) was less than 98, and the total digestible nutrient (TDN) was also low, confirming that the quality of rice was higher in GPF”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1542–1697 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The quality of forage rice was higher in GPF than in RPF.

Taxon
forage ricee0
Outcome
quality of ricee7
Direction
highere7
Setting
GPFe7

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“to find the amount of fertilization and the planting density suitable for the growth of forage rice in each paddy field”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 201–320 · show in text ↑
e7

“the relative feed value (RFV) was less than 98, and the total digestible nutrient (TDN) was also low, confirming that the quality of rice was higher in GPF”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1542–1697 · show in text ↑

nitrogen · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

511 papers: 402 positive, 109 negative or no effect

401 papers in the same direction as this paper · 101 in the opposite direction · 8 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

507 papers more in this group

See all 511 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.