Abstract
SUMMARY Potassium (K + ), being an essential macronutrient in plants, plays a central role in many aspects. Root growth is highly plastic and is affected by many different abiotic stresses including nutrient deficiency. The Shaker‐type K + channel Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana ) K + Transporter 1 (AKT1) is responsible for K + uptake under both low and high external K + conditions. However, the upstream transcription factor of AKT1 is not clear. Here, we demonstrated that the WRKY6 transcription factor modulates root growth to low potassium (LK) stress in Arabidopsis. WRKY6 showed a quick response to LK stress and also to many other abiotic stress treatments. The two wrky6 T‐DNA insertion mutants were highly sensitive to LK treatment, whose primary root lengths were much shorter, less biomass and lower K + content in roots than those of wild‐type plants, while WRKY6 ‐overexpression lines showed opposite phenotypes. A further investigation showed that WRKY6 regulated the expression of the AKT1 gene via directly binding to the W‐box elements in its promoter through EMSA and ChIP‐qPCR assays. A dual luciferase reporter analysis further demonstrated that WRKY6 enhanced the transcription of AKT1 . Genetic analysis further revealed that the overexpression of AKT1 greatly rescued the short root phenotype of the wrky6 mutant under LK stress, suggesting AKT1 is epistatic to WRKY6 in the control of LK response. Further transcriptome profiling suggested that WRKY6 modulates LK response through a complex regulatory network. Thus, this study unveils a transcription factor that modulates root growth under potassium deficiency conditions by affecting the potassium channel gene AKT1 expression.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
The wrky6 mutants had much shorter primary root lengths than wild-type plants under low potassium treatment.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae0 - Treatment
- LK treatmente1
- Gene
- wrky6e1
- Outcome
- primary root lengthse1
- Direction
- much shortere1
- Comparator
- wild‐type plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The two wrky6 T‐DNA insertion mutants were highly sensitive to LK treatment, whose primary root lengths were much shorter, less biomass and lower K + content in roots than those of wild‐type plants, while WRKY6 ‐overexpression lines showed opposite phenotypes”
e0“Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana )”
Claim · model-written summary
The wrky6 mutants had less biomass than wild-type plants under low potassium treatment.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Treatment
- LK treatmente1
- Gene
- wrky6e1
- Outcome
- biomasse1
- Direction
- lesse1
- Comparator
- wild‐type plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The two wrky6 T‐DNA insertion mutants were highly sensitive to LK treatment, whose primary root lengths were much shorter, less biomass and lower K + content in roots than those of wild‐type plants, while WRKY6 ‐overexpression lines showed opposite phenotypes”
e0“Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana )”
Claim · model-written summary
The wrky6 mutants had lower root K+ content than wild-type plants under low potassium treatment.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Treatment
- LK treatmente1
- Gene
- wrky6e1
- Outcome
- K + content in rootse1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- wild‐type plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The two wrky6 T‐DNA insertion mutants were highly sensitive to LK treatment, whose primary root lengths were much shorter, less biomass and lower K + content in roots than those of wild‐type plants, while WRKY6 ‐overexpression lines showed opposite phenotypes”
e0“Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana )”
Claim · model-written summary
WRKY6-overexpression lines showed opposite phenotypes to the wrky6 mutants under low potassium treatment.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Material
- overexpression linese1
- Treatment
- LK treatmente1
- Gene
- WRKY6e1
- Outcome
- phenotypese1
- Direction
- oppositee1
- Comparator
- wild‐type plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The two wrky6 T‐DNA insertion mutants were highly sensitive to LK treatment, whose primary root lengths were much shorter, less biomass and lower K + content in roots than those of wild‐type plants, while WRKY6 ‐overexpression lines showed opposite phenotypes”
e0“Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana )”
Claim · model-written summary
WRKY6 regulates the expression of the AKT1 gene in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Gene
- AKT1e3
- Outcome
- expression of the AKT1 genee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“WRKY6 regulated the expression of the AKT1 gene”
e0“Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana )”
Claim · model-written summary
WRKY6 enhances the transcription of AKT1 in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Gene
- AKT1e4
- Outcome
- transcription of AKT1e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“A dual luciferase reporter analysis further demonstrated that WRKY6 enhanced the transcription of AKT1”
e0“Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana )”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of AKT1 rescued the short root phenotype of the wrky6 mutant under low potassium stress.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Treatment
- overexpression of AKT1e5
- Gene
- AKT1e5
- Outcome
- short root phenotypee5
- Direction
- rescuede5
- Comparator
- wrky6 mutante5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“the overexpression of AKT1 greatly rescued the short root phenotype of the wrky6 mutant under LK stress”
e0“Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana )”
Claim · model-written summary
AKT1 is epistatic to WRKY6 in controlling the low potassium response.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Gene
- AKT1e6
- Outcome
- LK responsee6
- Qualifier
- epistatic to WRKY6e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“suggesting AKT1 is epistatic to WRKY6 in the control of LK response”
e0“Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana )”
Claim · model-written summary
WRKY6 modulates the low potassium response through a complex regulatory network.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Gene
- WRKY6e7
- Outcome
- LK responsee7
- Qualifier
- complex regulatory networke7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Further transcriptome profiling suggested that WRKY6 modulates LK response through a complex regulatory network”
e0“Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana )”
Claim · model-written summary
WRKY6 showed a quick response to low potassium stress and to other abiotic stress treatments.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Treatment
- LK stresse2
- Gene
- WRKY6e2
- Outcome
- quick response to LK stresse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“WRKY6 showed a quick response to LK stress and also to many other abiotic stress treatments”
e0“Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana )”