Abstract
Objectives Soil salinity affects the growth of crop plants, leading to reduced productivity, and is a major challenge for wheat production worldwide. Various adaptations and mitigation approaches in combination with tolerant wheat genotypes can be useful for the sustainability of crop production in saline environments. However, the development of salt-tolerant wheat genotypes is one of the best and most efficient solutions for obtaining desirable yields. Considering these issues, an investigation was carried out under hydroponic nutrient culture conditions to assess the genetic variability and selection of salt-tolerant wheat genotypes by categorizing inequitable morphophysiological and genetic variability as well as multivariate analysis. Methods To meet the objectives of this study, 100 wheat genotypes were tested hydroponically in 0 (control) and 15 dS m −1 salt solutions. Conclusion For all the wheat genotypes grown under saline conditions, the shoot length (SL), root length (RL), shoot fresh weight (SFW), root fresh weight (RFW), total fresh weight (TFW), shoot dry weight (SDW), root dry weight (RDW), and total dry weight (TDW) decreased significantly. Furthermore, significant variation was observed among the genotypes in terms of their characteristics only under saline conditions. In the case of genetic diversity analysis, a high genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), genetic advance in the percentage of the mean (GAM) and high heritability (h 2 b) were recorded for all tested wheat genotypes based on the SDW, RDW and TDW. Correlation analysis for both genotypic and phenotypic relationships revealed strong positive correlations for TDW, SDW, TFW and SFW. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that TDW, TFW, SDW, and SFW were the most discriminative variables for the wheat genotypes, which was confirmed by discriminant function analysis (DFA). PCA-biplot analysis also revealed significant positive correlations between SDW and SFW and between TDW and TFW. Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed for ten clusters based on the relative performance of the genotypes, where the genotypes were characterized into salt-tolerant, medium-salt-tolerant, medium-salt-susceptible and salt-susceptible groups. Among the genotypes, G11, G25 and G29 under cluster VII were categorized as salt tolerant based on their outstanding performance in terms of characteristics only under saline conditions. D 2 analysis proved that the wheat genotypes of this cluster were highly divergent from the other cluster genotypes; as a result, these genotypes might be utilized as parents in the development of salt-tolerant wheat genotypes. The current study concluded that SDW and TDW could be employed as criteria for selecting and defining salt-tolerant genotypes during the early growth stage of wheat.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity significantly reduced eight shoot and root growth and weight traits.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- saline conditionse1
- Outcome
- shoot length (SL), root length (RL), shoot fresh weight (SFW)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the shoot length (SL), root length (RL), shoot fresh weight (SFW), root fresh weight (RFW), total fresh weight (TFW), shoot dry weight (SDW), root dry weight (RDW), and total dry weight (TDW) decreased significantly”
t0“bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e1“genotypes grown under saline conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotypes varied significantly in their traits under salinity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- variatione0
- Qualifier
- only under saline conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant variation was observed among the genotypes in terms of their characteristics only under saline conditions”
t0“bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry weight traits had high genetic variation, genetic advance and heritability.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), genetic advance in the percentage of the mean (GAM) and high heritability (h 2 b)e0
- Qualifier
- SDW, RDW and TDWe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a high genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), genetic advance in the percentage of the mean (GAM) and high heritability (h 2 b) were recorded for all tested wheat genotypes based on the SDW, RDW and TDW”
Claim · model-written summary
Total and shoot dry and fresh weights showed strong positive correlations.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- shoote1
- Outcome
- correlations for TDW, SDW, TFW and SFWe0
- Direction
- positivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“strong positive correlations for TDW, SDW, TFW and SFW”
t0“bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e1“shoot dry weight”
Claim · model-written summary
PCA and discriminant analysis identified four weight traits as most discriminative.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- most discriminative variablese0
- Comparator
- wheat genotypese0
Not reportedValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TDW, TFW, SDW, and SFW were the most discriminative variables for the wheat genotypes, which was confirmed by discriminant function analysis (DFA)”
Claim · model-written summary
PCA biplots found positive SDW SFW and TDW TFW correlations.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- correlations between SDW and SFW and between TDW and TFWe0
- Direction
- positivee0
- Setting
- hydroponic culture conditionst1
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant positive correlations between SDW and SFW and between TDW and TFW”
t0“bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
t1“hydroponic culture conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Clustering separated genotypes into four salt tolerance classes.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- salt-tolerant, medium-salt-tolerant, medium-salt-susceptible and salt-susceptible groupse0
- Comparator
- genotypese0
Not reportedValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“genotypes were characterized into salt-tolerant, medium-salt-tolerant, medium-salt-susceptible and salt-susceptible groups”
t0“bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
G11, G25 and G29 were classified as salt tolerant.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- G11, G25 and G29e0
- Outcome
- categorized as salt tolerante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“G11, G25 and G29 under cluster VII were categorized as salt tolerant”
t0“bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster VII genotypes were highly divergent from other clusters.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- highly divergente0
- Comparator
- other cluster genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat genotypes of this cluster were highly divergent from the other cluster genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose G11, G25 and G29 as parents for salt tolerance breeding.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- utilized as parents in the development of salt-tolerant wheat genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these genotypes might be utilized as parents in the development of salt-tolerant wheat genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose shoot and total dry weight as early selection criteria.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- SDW and TDW could be employed as criteria for selecting and defining salt-tolerant genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SDW and TDW could be employed as criteria for selecting and defining salt-tolerant genotypes during the early growth stage of wheat”
The same questions in other papers
salinity · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
327 papers in the same direction as this paper · 49 in the opposite direction
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