Abstract
The valorization of date palm wastes as bioresources has received little attention. In this context, the feasibility of date palm waste valorization through composting and the application effects on barley plants production under control condition was investigated. The principal requirements for compost to be safely used are stability and maturity that refer, respectively, to the microbial biomass activity’s level, germination tests, and plant growth bioassays or phytotoxicity. Indeed, the phytotoxicity of composted date palm waste used for seed germination and seedling growth bioassays was researched. The finished compost values of the C/N ratio were 15.36 and 18.58%, 1.21%, 0.54%, and 0.95% for total organic carbon, N, P, and K contents, respectively. The concentration of heavy metals and microelements were lower and met the requirement established by national standards. Moreover, the end product was free from harmful pathogens like Salmonella, Escherichia coli, total coliforms, and fecal coliform bacteria. Application of compost extract (especially 25%, 50%, and 75%) did not affect barley seed germination, stimulated hypocotyl and radicle growth and is characterized by a GI exceeding 90%, demonstrating its stability and lack of phytotoxic effect. Moreover, compost promotes plant growth, improved physiological parameters, photosynthetic pigments, and plant biomass. According to the results, the prepared compost especially at the dose T3 (soil amended with 30 t/ha) increased the nutrients availability and uptake which may be the reason for an increase in photosynthetic activity, chlorophyll synthesis, and dry matter accumulation. Composting may well represent an acceptable solution for disposing of date palm waste and be of great interest to sustainable agriculture in Tunisia oasis ecosystems.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Finished compost had a C/N ratio of 15.36.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“The finished compost values of the C/N ratio were 15.36 and 18.58%, 1.21%, 0.54%, and 0.95% for total organic carbon, N, P, and K contents, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Finished compost contained 18.58% total organic carbon.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“The finished compost values of the C/N ratio were 15.36 and 18.58%, 1.21%, 0.54%, and 0.95% for total organic carbon, N, P, and K contents, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Finished compost contained 1.21% N.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“The finished compost values of the C/N ratio were 15.36 and 18.58%, 1.21%, 0.54%, and 0.95% for total organic carbon, N, P, and K contents, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Finished compost contained 0.54% P.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“The finished compost values of the C/N ratio were 15.36 and 18.58%, 1.21%, 0.54%, and 0.95% for total organic carbon, N, P, and K contents, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Finished compost contained 0.95% K.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“The finished compost values of the C/N ratio were 15.36 and 18.58%, 1.21%, 0.54%, and 0.95% for total organic carbon, N, P, and K contents, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost heavy metal and microelement concentrations were lower and met national standards.
- Outcome
- concentration of heavy metals and microelementse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- met the requirement established by national standardse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The concentration of heavy metals and microelements were lower and met the requirement established by national standards.”
Claim · model-written summary
The compost was free from Salmonella.
- Taxon
- Salmonella
Salmonellae0 - Outcome
- free from harmful pathogense0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, the end product was free from harmful pathogens like Salmonella, Escherichia coli, total coliforms, and fecal coliform bacteria.”
Claim · model-written summary
The compost was free from Escherichia coli.
- Taxon
- Escherichia coli
.jpg?width=60)
Escherichia colie0 - Outcome
- free from harmful pathogense0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, the end product was free from harmful pathogens like Salmonella, Escherichia coli, total coliforms, and fecal coliform bacteria.”
Claim · model-written summary
The compost was free from total coliforms.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, the end product was free from harmful pathogens like Salmonella, Escherichia coli, total coliforms, and fecal coliform bacteria.”
Claim · model-written summary
The compost was free from fecal coliform bacteria.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, the end product was free from harmful pathogens like Salmonella, Escherichia coli, total coliforms, and fecal coliform bacteria.”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost extract, especially at 25%, 50%, and 75%, did not affect barley seed germination.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree0 - Treatment
- Application of compost extracte0
- Outcome
- seed germinatione0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
- Qualifier
- especially 25%, 50%, and 75%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Application of compost extract (especially 25%, 50%, and 75%) did not affect barley seed germination, stimulated hypocotyl and radicle growth and is characterized by a GI exceeding 90%, demonstrating its stability and lack of phytotoxic effect.”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost extract stimulated barley hypocotyl and radicle growth.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- Application of compost extracte0
- Outcome
- hypocotyl and radicle growthe0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
- Qualifier
- especially 25%, 50%, and 75%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of compost extract (especially 25%, 50%, and 75%) did not affect barley seed germination, stimulated hypocotyl and radicle growth and is characterized by a GI exceeding 90%, demonstrating its stability and lack of phytotoxic effect.”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost extract had a barley germination index exceeding 90%, indicating stability and lack of phytotoxicity.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- Application of compost extracte0
- Outcome
- GIe0
- Direction
- exceedinge0
- Value
- 90%e0
- Qualifier
- stability and lack of phytotoxic effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of compost extract (especially 25%, 50%, and 75%) did not affect barley seed germination, stimulated hypocotyl and radicle growth and is characterized by a GI exceeding 90%, demonstrating its stability and lack of phytotoxic effect.”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost promoted barley growth and improved plant biomass.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- composte0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- promotese0
- Qualifier
- plant biomasse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, compost promotes plant growth, improved physiological parameters, photosynthetic pigments, and plant biomass.”
e1“barley plants production under control condition”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost improved barley physiological parameters and photosynthetic pigments.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- composte0
- Outcome
- physiological parameters, photosynthetic pigmentse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, compost promotes plant growth, improved physiological parameters, photosynthetic pigments, and plant biomass.”
e1“barley plants production under control condition”
Claim · model-written summary
Prepared compost, especially soil amended with 30 t/ha, increased nutrient availability and uptake.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- soil amended with 30 t/hae0
- Outcome
- nutrients availability and uptakee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“According to the results, the prepared compost especially at the dose T3 (soil amended with 30 t/ha) increased the nutrients availability and uptake which may be the reason for an increase in photosynthetic activity, chlorophyll synthesis, and dry matter accumulation.”
e1“barley plants production under control condition”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased nutrient availability and uptake may explain increased photosynthetic activity, chlorophyll synthesis and dry matter accumulation in barley.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- soil amended with 30 t/hae0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic activity, chlorophyll synthesis, and dry matter accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- increased the nutrients availability and uptake which may be the reasone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“According to the results, the prepared compost especially at the dose T3 (soil amended with 30 t/ha) increased the nutrients availability and uptake which may be the reason for an increase in photosynthetic activity, chlorophyll synthesis, and dry matter accumulation.”
e1“barley plants production under control condition”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest composting as an acceptable date palm waste disposal solution of interest for sustainable agriculture in Tunisia oasis ecosystems.
- Outcome
- Compostinge0
- Qualifier
- may well represent an acceptable solution for disposing of date palm wastee0
- Setting
- Tunisia oasis ecosystemse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Composting may well represent an acceptable solution for disposing of date palm waste and be of great interest to sustainable agriculture in Tunisia oasis ecosystems.”
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