Abstract
It is imperative to comprehensively assess the impact of nano-based technologies on plants and ensure their safety before integrating them into agricultural practices. In this context, the present study demonstrates the effect of nanosized chitosan (CS), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and CS/TiO2 nanocomposites (NCPs) on Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, the fifth most important grain crop globally. The nanomaterials were chemically synthesized and characterized in terms of size, surface morphology, structure, functional groups, and hydrodynamic diameter. S. bicolor plants were cultivated in soil spiked with these nanomaterials at two different concentrations (100 and 200 ppm) for up to 30 days. Compared to control plants, all three nanomaterials stimulated the growth of S. bicolor by 3-23% and enhancednutrient uptake. Additionally, they increased the concentrations of chlorophyll (35-94%), starch (13-19%), cellulose (12-56%), and protein (3-119%) in the shoots, while reducing the malondialdehyde (MDA) content. However, elevated MDA levels in the roots of plants treated with TiO2 nanoparticles and CS/TiO2 NCPs indicated that mild oxidative stress had occurred, which the plant managed to counteract by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities. The findings of this study confirm the safety of using these nanomaterials and provide a foundation for future research aimed at enhancing the growth, adaptability, and yield of S. bicolor.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
All three nanomaterials increased sorghum growth by 3-23%.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor (L.)
Sorghum bicolore7 - Treatment
- all three nanomaterialse0
- Outcome
- growth of S. bicolore0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
- Value
- 3-23%e0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to control plants, all three nanomaterials stimulated the growth of S. bicolor by 3-23%”
e7“Sorghum bicolor (L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
All three nanomaterials enhanced nutrient uptake.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor (L.)Sorghum bicolore7
- Treatment
- all three nanomaterialse0
- Outcome
- enhancednutrient uptakee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- control plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all three nanomaterials stimulated the growth of S. bicolor by 3-23% and enhancednutrient uptake”
e1“Compared to control plants”
e7“Sorghum bicolor (L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanomaterials increased shoot chlorophyll by 35-94%.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor (L.)Sorghum bicolore7
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Treatment
- all three nanomaterialse1
- Outcome
- chlorophylle0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 35-94%e0
- Comparator
- control plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“they increased the concentrations of chlorophyll (35-94%), starch (13-19%), cellulose (12-56%), and protein (3-119%) in the shoots”
e1“Compared to control plants, all three nanomaterials”
e7“Sorghum bicolor (L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanomaterials increased shoot starch by 13-19%.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor (L.)Sorghum bicolore7
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Treatment
- all three nanomaterialse1
- Outcome
- starche0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 13-19%e0
- Comparator
- control plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“they increased the concentrations of chlorophyll (35-94%), starch (13-19%), cellulose (12-56%), and protein (3-119%) in the shoots”
e1“Compared to control plants, all three nanomaterials”
e7“Sorghum bicolor (L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanomaterials increased shoot cellulose by 12-56%.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor (L.)Sorghum bicolore7
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Treatment
- all three nanomaterialse1
- Outcome
- cellulosee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 12-56%e0
- Comparator
- control plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“they increased the concentrations of chlorophyll (35-94%), starch (13-19%), cellulose (12-56%), and protein (3-119%) in the shoots”
e1“Compared to control plants, all three nanomaterials”
e7“Sorghum bicolor (L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanomaterials increased shoot protein by 3-119%.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor (L.)Sorghum bicolore7
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Treatment
- all three nanomaterialse1
- Outcome
- proteine0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 3-119%e0
- Comparator
- control plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“they increased the concentrations of chlorophyll (35-94%), starch (13-19%), cellulose (12-56%), and protein (3-119%) in the shoots”
e1“Compared to control plants, all three nanomaterials”
e7“Sorghum bicolor (L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanomaterials reduced shoot MDA content.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor (L.)Sorghum bicolore7
- Organ / stage
- shootse1
- Treatment
- all three nanomaterialse2
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde (MDA) contente0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Comparator
- control plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while reducing the malondialdehyde (MDA) content”
e1“in the shoots”
e2“Compared to control plants, all three nanomaterials”
e7“Sorghum bicolor (L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
TiO2 nanoparticles elevated root MDA levels.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor (L.)Sorghum bicolore7
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- TiO2 nanoparticlese0
- Outcome
- MDA levelse0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“elevated MDA levels in the roots of plants treated with TiO2 nanoparticles and CS/TiO2 NCPs”
e7“Sorghum bicolor (L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
CS/TiO2 nanocomposites elevated root MDA levels.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor (L.)Sorghum bicolore7
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- CS/TiO2 NCPse0
- Outcome
- MDA levelse0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“elevated MDA levels in the roots of plants treated with TiO2 nanoparticles and CS/TiO2 NCPs”
e7“Sorghum bicolor (L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors interpreted root MDA elevation as mild oxidative stress.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor (L.)Sorghum bicolore7
- Treatment
- TiO2 nanoparticles and CS/TiO2 NCPse0
- Outcome
- mild oxidative stresse0
- Qualifier
- elevated MDA levelse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“elevated MDA levels in the roots of plants treated with TiO2 nanoparticles and CS/TiO2 NCPs indicated that mild oxidative stress had occurred”
e7“Sorghum bicolor (L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The plant counteracted mild oxidative stress with higher antioxidant enzyme activity.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor (L.)Sorghum bicolore7
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzyme activitiese0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
- Qualifier
- mild oxidative stress had occurrede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the plant managed to counteract by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities”
e1“mild oxidative stress had occurred”
e7“Sorghum bicolor (L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded that these nanomaterials are safe for sorghum use.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor (L.)Sorghum bicolore7
- Outcome
- safety of using these nanomaterialse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The findings of this study confirm the safety of using these nanomaterials”
e7“Sorghum bicolor (L.)”
The same questions in other papers
nanoparticle · nutrient: content · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →nanoparticle · physiology: pigments · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
nanoparticle · physiology: oxidative · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
nanoparticle · growth · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Results agree
8 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.