Abstract
Adopting drought-tolerant (DT) cultivars is an effective strategy to sustain maize (Zea mays L.) production under water shortage. Optimizing plant density is an important management practice for improving maize yield. In a two-year field trial, the response of yield, actual evapotranspiration (ETc act), and water productivity (WP) to plant density (6, 7.5, 9 plants m−2) was assessed under irrigated and rainfed conditions using a DT (ZD958) and a drought-susceptible (DS, ZY309) maize cultivar, and additionally, the comparison of soil water depletion will be conducted among soils growing different DT maize varieties. Under rainfed, average yield, ETc act, and WP were 24.7%, 8.6% and 14.8% greater in ZD958 than ZY309, respectively. When density increased from 6 to 9 plants m−2, for ZD958 and ZY309 ETc act remained relatively constant, whereas their yield and WP first increased and then decreased and ultimately reached their maximum at 7.5 plants m−2. Under irrigation, increasing density (6–9 plants m−2) significantly increased yield and WP for ZD958, but for ZY309, yield and WP were not significantly impacted. Yield across seasons did not differ between cultivars at 6 and 7.5 plants m−2, and ZD958 had a 10.2% yield advantage over ZY309 at 9 plants m−2. The findings imply that DT cultivar showed greater high density tolerance than DS cultivar and thus higher optimal density under irrigation. Under rainfed, both cultivars had similar density tolerance and optimum density, whereas DT cultivar had stronger drought tolerance than DS cultivar, which could explain DT cultivar’s greater yield and WP. This study indicate that DT cultivar showed higher and more stable yields than DS cultivar across rainfed and irrigated conditions when grown at optimal densities. Thus, sustainable maize production could be achieved by adopting DT cultivars and optimizing density for different conditions in the study region.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Under rainfed conditions, ZD958 yield was 24.7% greater than ZY309.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under rainfed, average yield, ETc act, and WP were 24.7%, 8.6% and 14.8% greater in ZD958 than ZY309, respectively.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Under rainfed conditions, ZD958 evapotranspiration was 8.6% greater than ZY309.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under rainfed, average yield, ETc act, and WP were 24.7%, 8.6% and 14.8% greater in ZD958 than ZY309, respectively.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Under rainfed conditions, ZD958 water productivity was 14.8% greater than ZY309.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under rainfed, average yield, ETc act, and WP were 24.7%, 8.6% and 14.8% greater in ZD958 than ZY309, respectively.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing density from 6 to 9 plants m−2 left evapotranspiration relatively constant in both cultivars.
- Material
- ZD958 and ZY309e0
- Treatment
- density increased from 6 to 9 plants m−2e0
- Outcome
- ETc acte0
- Direction
- remained relatively constante0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When density increased from 6 to 9 plants m−2, for ZD958 and ZY309 ETc act remained relatively constant”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
With increasing density under rainfed conditions, yield of ZD958 peaked at 7.5 plants m−2.
- Material
- ZD958e1
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- first increased and then decreasede0
- Value
- 7.5 plants m−2e0
- Setting
- rainfedt1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“their yield and WP first increased and then decreased and ultimately reached their maximum at 7.5 plants m−2.”
t1“Response of grain yield and water productivity to plant density in drought-tolerant maize cultivar under irrigated and rainfed conditions”
e1“Under rainfed, average yield, ETc act, and WP were 24.7%, 8.6% and 14.8% greater in ZD958 than ZY309, respectively.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
With increasing density under rainfed conditions, water productivity of ZY309 peaked at 7.5 plants m−2.
- Material
- ZY309e1
- Outcome
- WPe0
- Direction
- first increased and then decreasede0
- Value
- 7.5 plants m−2e0
- Setting
- rainfedt1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“their yield and WP first increased and then decreased and ultimately reached their maximum at 7.5 plants m−2.”
t1“Response of grain yield and water productivity to plant density in drought-tolerant maize cultivar under irrigated and rainfed conditions”
e1“Under rainfed, average yield, ETc act, and WP were 24.7%, 8.6% and 14.8% greater in ZD958 than ZY309, respectively.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Under irrigation, increasing density significantly increased ZD958 yield.
- Material
- ZD958e0
- Treatment
- increasing density (6–9 plants m−2)e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- irrigatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under irrigation, increasing density (6–9 plants m−2) significantly increased yield and WP for ZD958”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Under irrigation, increasing density significantly increased ZD958 water productivity.
- Material
- ZD958e0
- Treatment
- increasing density (6–9 plants m−2)e0
- Outcome
- WPe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- irrigatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under irrigation, increasing density (6–9 plants m−2) significantly increased yield and WP for ZD958”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Under irrigation, density did not significantly affect ZY309 yield or water productivity.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for ZY309, yield and WP were not significantly impacted.”
t1“Response of grain yield and water productivity to plant density in drought-tolerant maize cultivar under irrigated and rainfed conditions”
e1“Under rainfed, average yield, ETc act, and WP were 24.7%, 8.6% and 14.8% greater in ZD958 than ZY309, respectively.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar yields did not differ at 6 and 7.5 plants m−2.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield across seasons did not differ between cultivars at 6 and 7.5 plants m−2”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
At 9 plants m−2, ZD958 yielded 10.2% more than ZY309.
- Material
- ZD958e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- advantagee0
- Value
- 10.2%e0
- Qualifier
- 9 plants m−2e0
- Comparator
- ZY309e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ZD958 had a 10.2% yield advantage over ZY309 at 9 plants m−2.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The drought tolerant cultivar was interpreted as more tolerant of high density under irrigation.
- Material
- DT cultivare0
- Outcome
- high density tolerancee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- DS cultivare0
- Setting
- irrigatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DT cultivar showed greater high density tolerance than DS cultivar and thus higher optimal density under irrigation.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Under rainfed conditions, the cultivars had similar density tolerance and optimum density.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under rainfed, both cultivars had similar density tolerance and optimum density”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The drought tolerant cultivar showed stronger drought tolerance than the susceptible cultivar.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DT cultivar had stronger drought tolerance than DS cultivar”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The drought tolerant cultivar had higher and more stable yields across rainfed and irrigated conditions at optimal densities.
- Material
- DT cultivare0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- higher and more stablee0
- Qualifier
- across rainfed and irrigated conditions when grown at optimal densitiese0
- Comparator
- DS cultivare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DT cultivar showed higher and more stable yields than DS cultivar across rainfed and irrigated conditions when grown at optimal densities.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend drought tolerant cultivars and density optimization for sustainable maize production.
- Outcome
- adopting DT cultivars and optimizing density for different conditions in the study regione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sustainable maize production could be achieved by adopting DT cultivars and optimizing density for different conditions in the study region.”
The same questions in other papers
density · physiology: water · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 24 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
24 papers more in this group
See all 28 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.