Abstract
Tomato fruits are considerably affected by array of insect pests infesting at different stages of crop growth. Among the factors responsible for low yield of tomato, insect pests are major one. The present experiments entitled was carried out at Students’ Instructional Farm, Acharya Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya (UP) during rabi season 2020-21 to test the efficacy of certain combination insecticides against major insect pests. Among the efficacy of certain combination insecticides, the treatment Betacyfluthrin 8.49% + Imidacloprid 19.81% OD 400ml/ha was observed most effective against whitefly, Jassid and serpentine leaf miner, whereas Chlorpyriphos 50%+ Cypermethrin 5% EC 1000 ml/ha was least effective against whitefly, Profenofos 40%+Cypermethrin 4% EC 1250 ml/ha was found least effective against Jassid and Triazophos 35%+ Deltamethrin 1% EC 1000ml/ha was least effective against serpentine leaf miner. Chlorantraniliprole 10%+Lambda cyhalothrin 5% ZC 250 ml/ha was most effective and found Triazophos 35%+ Deltamehtrin 1% EC 100ml/ha least effective against larval population of H. armigera followed by Imidacloprid 40%+Fipronil 40% WG 500 g/ha, Imidacloprid 40%+Ethiprole 40% WG 500 g/ha. The maximum yield (203.41 q/ha) was recorded in Betacyfluthrin 8.49% +Imidacloprid 19.81% OD 400ml/ha and minimum yield was recorded in Triazophos 35%+ Deltramethrin 1% EC 1000ml/ha (163.17 q/ha). The benefit cost- ratio 1:19.31 was recorded highest in Betacyfluthrin 8.49%+Imidacloprid 19.81% OD 400 ml/ha and lowest 1:3.12 in Imidacloprid 40%+Ethiprole 40% WG 500 g/ha. In comparison to traditional pesticides, these combination insecticides are a newer more efficient against the major pest of tomato at lower doses.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Betacyfluthrin plus imidacloprid was most effective against whitefly, Jassid and serpentine leaf miner.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- Betacyfluthrin 8.49% + Imidacloprid 19.81% OD 400ml/hae0
- Interactor
- whiteflye0pest
- Outcome
- whitefly, Jassid and serpentine leaf minere0
- Direction
- most effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato”
e0“Betacyfluthrin 8.49% + Imidacloprid 19.81% OD 400ml/ha was observed most effective against whitefly, Jassid and serpentine leaf miner”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorpyriphos plus cypermethrin was least effective against whitefly.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Chlorpyriphos 50%+ Cypermethrin 5% EC 1000 ml/hae0
- Interactor
- whiteflye0pest
- Outcome
- whiteflye0
- Direction
- least effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato”
e0“Chlorpyriphos 50%+ Cypermethrin 5% EC 1000 ml/ha was least effective against whitefly”
Claim · model-written summary
Profenofos plus cypermethrin was least effective against Jassid.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Profenofos 40%+Cypermethrin 4% EC 1250 ml/hae0
- Interactor
- Jasside0pest
- Outcome
- Jasside0
- Direction
- least effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato”
e0“Profenofos 40%+Cypermethrin 4% EC 1250 ml/ha was found least effective against Jassid”
Claim · model-written summary
Triazophos plus deltamethrin was least effective against serpentine leaf miner.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Triazophos 35%+ Deltamethrin 1% EC 1000ml/hae0
- Interactor
- serpentine leaf miner
Liriomyza brassicaee0pest - Outcome
- serpentine leaf minere0
- Direction
- least effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato”
e0“Triazophos 35%+ Deltamethrin 1% EC 1000ml/ha was least effective against serpentine leaf miner”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorantraniliprole plus lambda cyhalothrin was most effective against H. armigera larvae.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Chlorantraniliprole 10%+Lambda cyhalothrin 5% ZC 250 ml/hae0
- Interactor
- H. armigerae0pest
- Outcome
- larval population of H. armigerae0
- Direction
- most effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato”
e0“Chlorantraniliprole 10%+Lambda cyhalothrin 5% ZC 250 ml/ha was most effective and found Triazophos 35%+ Deltamehtrin 1% EC 100ml/ha least effective against larval population of H. armigera”
Claim · model-written summary
Triazophos plus deltamethrin was least effective against H. armigera larvae.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Triazophos 35%+ Deltamehtrin 1% EC 100ml/hae0
- Interactor
- H. armigerae0pest
- Outcome
- larval population of H. armigerae0
- Direction
- least effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato”
e0“Triazophos 35%+ Deltamehtrin 1% EC 100ml/ha least effective against larval population of H. armigera”
Claim · model-written summary
Betacyfluthrin plus imidacloprid gave the maximum tomato yield of 203.41 q/ha.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Betacyfluthrin 8.49% +Imidacloprid 19.81% OD 400ml/hae0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 203.41 q/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato”
e0“maximum yield (203.41 q/ha) was recorded in Betacyfluthrin 8.49% +Imidacloprid 19.81% OD 400ml/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Triazophos plus deltamethrin gave the minimum yield of 163.17 q/ha.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Triazophos 35%+ Deltramethrin 1% EC 1000ml/hae0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 163.17 q/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato”
e0“minimum yield was recorded in Triazophos 35%+ Deltramethrin 1% EC 1000ml/ha (163.17 q/ha)”
Claim · model-written summary
Betacyfluthrin plus imidacloprid had the highest benefit-cost ratio, 1:19.31.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Betacyfluthrin 8.49%+Imidacloprid 19.81% OD 400 ml/hae0
- Outcome
- benefit cost- ratioe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1:19.31e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato”
e0“benefit cost- ratio 1:19.31 was recorded highest in Betacyfluthrin 8.49%+Imidacloprid 19.81% OD 400 ml/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid plus ethiprole had the lowest benefit-cost ratio, 1:3.12.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Imidacloprid 40%+Ethiprole 40% WG 500 g/hae0
- Outcome
- benefit cost- ratioe1
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 1:3.12e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato”
e0“lowest 1:3.12 in Imidacloprid 40%+Ethiprole 40% WG 500 g/ha”
e1“benefit cost- ratio”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.