Abstract
Introduction Salicylic acid has shown promise in alleviating water stress in cultivated plants. However, there is a lack of studies confirming its effectiveness in cowpea plants grown in field conditions. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the use of salicylic acid as a water stress mitigator in cowpea cultivars under different irrigation depths in field conditions. Methods Four cowpea cultivars (BRS Novaera, BRS Tapaihum, BRS Pujante, and BRS Pajeú) were subjected to different treatments: control (W100: 100% replacement of crop evapotranspiration – ETc), W50 (50% of ETc), W50+SA2 (50% of ETc + 276 mg L -1 of SA), and W50+SA4 (50% of ETc + 552 mg L -1 of SA). The treatments were combined in a 4×4 factorial scheme with three replications, arranged in a randomized block design. Results Water restriction had a negative impact on the water status, growth, gas exchange, and production of the cultivars while also leading to changes in the antioxidant metabolism and osmolyte concentration. The application of SA enhanced antioxidant activity and the synthesis of osmotic adjusters under stress conditions. The most effective concentration was 276 mg L -1 in stage R2 and 552 mg L -1 in stage V7, respectively. The BRS Pujante cultivar showed increased productivity under water restriction with SA application, while the BRS Tapaihum was the most tolerant among the cultivars studied. Discussion In summary, our findings underscore the importance of using SA to mitigate the effects of water restriction on cowpea cultivation. These discoveries are crucial for the sustainability of cowpea production in regions susceptible to drought, which can contribute to food security. We further add that the adoption of new agricultural practices can enhance the resilience and productivity of cowpea as an essential and sustainable food source for vulnerable populations in various parts of the world.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Water restriction reduced the water status, growth, gas exchange and production of cowpea cultivars.
- Taxon
- cowpea
Vigna unguiculatat0 - Treatment
- Water restrictione0
- Outcome
- water status, growth, gas exchange, and productione0
- Direction
- negative impacte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water restriction had a negative impact on the water status, growth, gas exchange, and production of the cultivars”
t0“cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Water restriction changed antioxidant metabolism and osmolyte concentration in cowpea.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- Water restrictione1
- Outcome
- antioxidant metabolism and osmolyte concentratione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while also leading to changes in the antioxidant metabolism and osmolyte concentration.”
t0“cowpea”
e1“Water restriction had a negative impact”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid enhanced antioxidant activity and osmotic-adjuster synthesis in stressed cowpea.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- SAe0
- Outcome
- antioxidant activity and the synthesis of osmotic adjusterse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- under stress conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of SA enhanced antioxidant activity and the synthesis of osmotic adjusters under stress conditions.”
t0“Salicylic acid improves cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
The most effective salicylic-acid concentration at stage R2 was 276 mg L -1.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Organ / stage
- stage R2e0
- Treatment
- Salicylic acidt0
- Outcome
- most effective concentratione0
- Value
- 276 mg L -1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The most effective concentration was 276 mg L -1 in stage R2 and 552 mg L -1 in stage V7, respectively.”
t0“Salicylic acid improves cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
The most effective salicylic-acid concentration at stage V7 was 552 mg L -1.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Organ / stage
- stage V7e0
- Treatment
- Salicylic acidt0
- Outcome
- most effective concentratione0
- Value
- 552 mg L -1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The most effective concentration was 276 mg L -1 in stage R2 and 552 mg L -1 in stage V7, respectively.”
t0“Salicylic acid improves cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
BRS Pujante had increased productivity under water restriction with salicylic acid application.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Material
- BRS Pujantee0
- Treatment
- SA applicatione0
- Outcome
- productivitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- under water restrictione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The BRS Pujante cultivar showed increased productivity under water restriction with SA application”
t0“Salicylic acid improves cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
BRS Tapaihum was the most tolerant cowpea cultivar studied under water restriction.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Material
- BRS Tapaihume0
- Outcome
- most tolerante0
- Direction
- most tolerante0
- Qualifier
- under water restrictione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while the BRS Tapaihum was the most tolerant among the cultivars studied.”
t0“Salicylic acid improves cowpea”
e1“under water restriction with SA application”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend salicylic acid to mitigate water restriction in cowpea cultivation.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- SAe0
- Outcome
- using SA to mitigate the effects of water restriction on cowpea cultivatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“our findings underscore the importance of using SA to mitigate the effects of water restriction on cowpea cultivation.”
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