Abstract
Drought stress is one of the most important stresses in plants. The important role of calcium signal as a second messenger in alleviating drought stress is still unclear. We used tobacco as test material to simulate drought stress with 20 % PEG concentration. Physiological and transcriptome techniques were used to study how the model plant tobacco protects itself from drought stress by examining the mechanism used by exogenous calcium ions to respond to the antioxidant and hormone signals that indicate drought stress. Exogenous calcium was shown to increase the levels of expression of the proteins CDPK, CBL/CIPK and AQPs that respond to signaling by calcium under drought stress. The cis-acting elements of the promoters of the genes related to signals primarily focused on hormone and drought-related elements, which suggests that the exogenous calcium may mediate the transduction of hormone signals in response to drought stress. The results of physiological and transcriptional data showed that oxidative damage occurred in the tobacco leaves under drought stress. Under drought stress, exogenous calcium can enhance the activities of SOD (4.75 %), POD (42.33 %) and APX (512.43 %), up-regulate the expression of the genes that encode antioxidant enzymes to eliminate excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), and alleviate the oxidative damage to tobacco leaves under drought stress. The calcium produced during drought stress increased the content of auxin (IAA), decreased that of abscisic acid (ABA) and downstream gene expression, and prevented excessive amplification of the ABA signal. Exogenous calcium enhanced the crosstalk between cytokinin, gibberellin and ABA signals.In summary, exogenous calcium can stimulate the synergistic effect of calcium and hormone signals and the antioxidant system, eliminate ROS, improve the crosstalk between plant hormones, and improve the drought resistance of tobacco.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous calcium increased the expression levels of CDPK, CBL/CIPK and AQPs under drought stress.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacumt0 - Treatment
- Exogenous calciume1
- Gene
- CDPK, CBL/CIPK and AQPse1
- Outcome
- levels of expressione1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Qualifier
- under drought stresse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“drought resistance in tobacco”
e1“Exogenous calcium was shown to increase the levels of expression of the proteins CDPK, CBL/CIPK and AQPs that respond to signaling by calcium under drought stress”
Claim · model-written summary
The cis-acting elements of the promoters of the genes are primarily focused on hormone and drought-related elements.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- cis-acting elements of the promoters of the genese2
- Qualifier
- primarily focused on hormone and drought-related elementse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“drought resistance in tobacco”
e2“The cis-acting elements of the promoters of the genes related to signals primarily focused on hormone and drought-related elements”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous calcium may mediate the transduction of hormone signals in tobacco under drought stress.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- exogenous calciume3
- Outcome
- transduction of hormone signalse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“drought resistance in tobacco”
e3“which suggests that the exogenous calcium may mediate the transduction of hormone signals in response to drought stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxidative damage occurred in tobacco leaves under drought stress.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese4
- Treatment
- drought stresse4
- Outcome
- oxidative damagee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“drought resistance in tobacco”
e4“The results of physiological and transcriptional data showed that oxidative damage occurred in the tobacco leaves under drought stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Under drought stress, exogenous calcium enhanced SOD activity by 4.75%.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- exogenous calciume5
- Gene
- SODe5
- Outcome
- activities of SODe5
- Direction
- enhancee5
- Value
- 4.75 %e5
- Qualifier
- Under drought stresse5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“drought resistance in tobacco”
e5“Under drought stress, exogenous calcium can enhance the activities of SOD (4.75 %), POD (42.33 %) and APX (512.43 %), up-regulate the expression of the genes that encode antioxidant enzymes to eliminate excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), and alleviate the oxidative damage to tobacco leaves under drought stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Under drought stress, exogenous calcium enhanced POD activity by 42.33%.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- exogenous calciume5
- Gene
- PODe5
- Outcome
- activitiese5
- Direction
- enhancee5
- Value
- 42.33 %e5
- Qualifier
- Under drought stresse5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“drought resistance in tobacco”
e5“Under drought stress, exogenous calcium can enhance the activities of SOD (4.75 %), POD (42.33 %) and APX (512.43 %), up-regulate the expression of the genes that encode antioxidant enzymes to eliminate excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), and alleviate the oxidative damage to tobacco leaves under drought stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Under drought stress, exogenous calcium enhanced APX activity by 512.43%.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- exogenous calciume5
- Gene
- APXe5
- Outcome
- activitiese5
- Direction
- enhancee5
- Value
- 512.43 %e5
- Qualifier
- Under drought stresse5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“drought resistance in tobacco”
e5“Under drought stress, exogenous calcium can enhance the activities of SOD (4.75 %), POD (42.33 %) and APX (512.43 %), up-regulate the expression of the genes that encode antioxidant enzymes to eliminate excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), and alleviate the oxidative damage to tobacco leaves under drought stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous calcium up-regulated the expression of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes under drought stress.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- exogenous calciume5
- Outcome
- expression of the genes that encode antioxidant enzymese5
- Direction
- up-regulatee5
- Qualifier
- to eliminate excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS)e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“drought resistance in tobacco”
e5“Under drought stress, exogenous calcium can enhance the activities of SOD (4.75 %), POD (42.33 %) and APX (512.43 %), up-regulate the expression of the genes that encode antioxidant enzymes to eliminate excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), and alleviate the oxidative damage to tobacco leaves under drought stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Under drought stress, exogenous calcium alleviated oxidative damage to tobacco leaves.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- tobacco leavese5
- Treatment
- exogenous calciume5
- Outcome
- oxidative damagee5
- Direction
- alleviatee5
- Qualifier
- under drought stresse5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“drought resistance in tobacco”
e5“Under drought stress, exogenous calcium can enhance the activities of SOD (4.75 %), POD (42.33 %) and APX (512.43 %), up-regulate the expression of the genes that encode antioxidant enzymes to eliminate excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), and alleviate the oxidative damage to tobacco leaves under drought stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium produced during drought stress increased the content of auxin (IAA) in tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- calcium produced during drought stresse6
- Outcome
- content of auxin (IAA)e6
- Direction
- increasede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“drought resistance in tobacco”
e6“The calcium produced during drought stress increased the content of auxin (IAA), decreased that of abscisic acid (ABA) and downstream gene expression, and prevented excessive amplification of the ABA signal”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium produced during drought stress decreased abscisic acid (ABA) content and downstream gene expression in tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- calcium produced during drought stresse6
- Outcome
- abscisic acid (ABA) and downstream gene expressione6
- Direction
- decreasede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“drought resistance in tobacco”
e6“The calcium produced during drought stress increased the content of auxin (IAA), decreased that of abscisic acid (ABA) and downstream gene expression, and prevented excessive amplification of the ABA signal”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium produced during drought stress prevented excessive amplification of the ABA signal in tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- calcium produced during drought stresse6
- Outcome
- amplification of the ABA signale6
- Direction
- preventede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“drought resistance in tobacco”
e6“The calcium produced during drought stress increased the content of auxin (IAA), decreased that of abscisic acid (ABA) and downstream gene expression, and prevented excessive amplification of the ABA signal”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous calcium enhanced the crosstalk between cytokinin, gibberellin and ABA signals in tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- Exogenous calciume7
- Outcome
- crosstalk between cytokinin, gibberellin and ABA signalse7
- Direction
- enhancede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“drought resistance in tobacco”
e7“Exogenous calcium enhanced the crosstalk between cytokinin, gibberellin and ABA signals”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous calcium improved the drought resistance of tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- exogenous calciume0
- Outcome
- drought resistancee0
- Direction
- improvee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In summary, exogenous calcium can stimulate the synergistic effect of calcium and hormone signals and the antioxidant system, eliminate ROS, improve the crosstalk between plant hormones, and improve the drought resistance of tobacco”
The same questions in other papers
calcium atom · physiology: oxidative · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
calcium atom · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
calcium atom · molecular: expression · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.