Abstract
Okra (Abelmoschus esculents L. Moench.) is a vegetable widely grown in Eritrea and cultivated in 514 ha of land with an average yield of 10t/ha. However, the production of this crop is highly affected by nematodes and other diseases. There is very less information on disease occurrence and soil mycoflora, hence, this research was carried out in the field of okra, in Hamelmalo Agricultural College, to identify the occurrence of diseases; percentage occurrence of disease incidence and identification of field mycoflora at various phenological stages of okra in various treatments such as control (T1), farm yard manure (T2), intercropping with a legume (T3) and chemical fertilizer (T4). This experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design. During the experiment, powdery mildew and blight were the main diseases that occurred, and diseases like damping off, wilt, and leaf spot were also observed. In addition to that various soil mycoflora were found including, two nematode predacious fungi Arthrobotris oligospora and Drechmeria sps. which were identified for the first time in the rhizosphere soils of okra, in Eritrea. The study revealed that the flowering stage was found significantly different at the incidence of powdery mildew but all growth stages of okra were non-significant at blights. Chemical fertilizer was found to be the best in cases of disease prevalence and intercropping was in cases of pests’ infestation. Based on the results of the current study it can be concluded that different phenological stages were found to be significantly influenced by all the treatments. But in T3 the cultivation which was with cowpea attracted the insect pests like African bollworms. However, the incidence of blight on all the treatments at different phonological stages was non-significant.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Powdery mildew and blight were the main okra diseases observed.
- Taxon
- Okra
.jpg?width=60)
Abelmoschus esculentuse1 - Outcome
- powdery mildew and blight were the main diseasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“powdery mildew and blight were the main diseases that occurred”
e1“Okra (Abelmoschus esculents L. Moench.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Damping off, wilt and leaf spot were also observed in okra.
- Taxon
- OkraAbelmoschus esculentuse1
- Outcome
- damping off, wilt, and leaf spote0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“damping off, wilt, and leaf spot were also observed”
e1“Okra (Abelmoschus esculents L. Moench.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Arthrobotris oligospora was identified in okra rhizosphere soils in Eritrea for the first time.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Interactor
- Arthrobotris oligosporae0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- Arthrobotris oligosporae0
- Setting
- Eritreae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arthrobotris oligospora and Drechmeria sps. which were identified for the first time in the rhizosphere soils of okra, in Eritrea”
Claim · model-written summary
Drechmeria sps. was identified in okra rhizosphere soils in Eritrea for the first time.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Interactor
- Drechmeria sps.e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- Drechmeria sps.e0
- Setting
- Eritreae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arthrobotris oligospora and Drechmeria sps. which were identified for the first time in the rhizosphere soils of okra, in Eritrea”
Claim · model-written summary
Powdery mildew incidence differed significantly at flowering.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse1
- Organ / stage
- flowering stagee0
- Outcome
- incidence of powdery mildewe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“flowering stage was found significantly different at the incidence of powdery mildew”
e1“growth stages of okra”
Claim · model-written summary
Blight incidence did not differ significantly across okra growth stages.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Organ / stage
- growth stagese0
- Outcome
- blightse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all growth stages of okra were non-significant at blights”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical fertilizer was judged best for disease prevalence.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse1
- Treatment
- Chemical fertilizere0
- Outcome
- disease prevalencee0
- Direction
- beste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chemical fertilizer was found to be the best in cases of disease prevalence”
e1“field of okra”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping was judged best for pest infestation.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse1
- Treatment
- intercroppinge0
- Outcome
- pests’ infestatione0
- Direction
- beste2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“intercropping was in cases of pests’ infestation”
e1“field of okra”
e2“Chemical fertilizer was found to be the best in cases of disease prevalence and intercropping was in cases of pests’ infestation”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments significantly influenced okra phenological stages.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse1
- Treatment
- all the treatmentse0
- Outcome
- different phenological stagese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“different phenological stages were found to be significantly influenced by all the treatments”
e1“growth stages of okra”
Claim · model-written summary
Cowpea intercropping attracted African bollworms.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse1
- Treatment
- with cowpeae0
- Interactor
- African bollwormse0pest
- Outcome
- attracted the insect pests like African bollwormse0
- Direction
- attractede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in T3 the cultivation which was with cowpea attracted the insect pests like African bollworms”
e1“field of okra”
Claim · model-written summary
Blight incidence did not differ significantly among treatments and phenological stages.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse1
- Treatment
- all the treatmentse0
- Outcome
- incidence of blighte0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“incidence of blight on all the treatments at different phonological stages was non-significant”
e1“field of okra”
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See all 16 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.