Abstract
Biotic and abiotic stresses frequently co-occur in nature, yet relatively little is known about how plants coordinate the response to combined stresses. Protein degradation by the ubiquitin/proteasome system is central to the regulation of multiple independent stress response pathways in plants. The Arg/N-degron pathway is a subset of the ubiquitin/proteasome system that targets proteins based on their N-termini and has been specifically implicated in the responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, including hypoxia, via accumulation of group VII ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR (ERF-VII) transcription factors that orchestrate the onset of the hypoxia response program. Here, we investigated the role of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Arg/N-degron pathway in mediating the crosstalk between combined abiotic and biotic stresses using hypoxia treatments and the flg22 elicitor of pattern-triggered immunity (PTI), respectively. We uncovered a link between the plant transcriptional responses to hypoxia and flg22. Combined hypoxia and flg22 treatments showed that hypoxia represses the flg22 transcriptional program, as well as the expression of pattern recognition receptors, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling and callose deposition during PTI through mechanisms that are mostly independent from the ERF-VIIs. These findings improve our understanding of the tradeoffs between plant responses to combined abiotic and biotic stresses in the context of our efforts to increase crop resilience to global climate change. Our results also show that the well-known repressive effect of hypoxia on innate immunity in animals also applies to plants.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Hypoxia represses the flg22 transcriptional program in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae0 - Treatment
- hypoxiae1
- Outcome
- flg22 transcriptional programe1
- Direction
- repressese1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Arg/N-degron pathway”
e1“hypoxia represses the flg22 transcriptional program, as well as the expression of pattern recognition receptors, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling and callose deposition during PTI through mechanisms that are mostly independent from the ERF-VIIs”
Claim · model-written summary
Hypoxia represses the expression of pattern recognition receptors, MAPK signaling and callose deposition during PTI.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Treatment
- hypoxiae1
- Outcome
- expression of pattern recognition receptors, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling and callose depositione1
- Direction
- repressese1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Arg/N-degron pathway”
e1“hypoxia represses the flg22 transcriptional program, as well as the expression of pattern recognition receptors, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling and callose deposition during PTI through mechanisms that are mostly independent from the ERF-VIIs”
Claim · model-written summary
The repression of PTI by hypoxia is mostly independent of ERF-VII transcription factors.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Treatment
- hypoxiae1
- Outcome
- PTIe1
- Qualifier
- mostly independent from the ERF-VIIse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Arg/N-degron pathway”
e1“hypoxia represses the flg22 transcriptional program, as well as the expression of pattern recognition receptors, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling and callose deposition during PTI through mechanisms that are mostly independent from the ERF-VIIs”
Claim · model-written summary
A link exists between the transcriptional responses to hypoxia and to flg22 in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Treatment
- hypoxiae2
- Outcome
- transcriptional responses to hypoxia and flg22e2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Arg/N-degron pathway”
e2“We uncovered a link between the plant transcriptional responses to hypoxia and flg22”
Claim · model-written summary
Hypoxia represses innate immunity in plants, as it does in animals.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Treatment
- hypoxiae3
- Outcome
- innate immunitye3
- Direction
- repressive effecte3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Arg/N-degron pathway”
e3“Our results also show that the well-known repressive effect of hypoxia on innate immunity in animals also applies to plants”
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