Abstract
A well-designed tree-based culture provides multiple benefits, aiding in achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs), especially SDG1 (no poverty), SDG2 (zero hunger), SDG13 (climate action), and SDG15 (life on land). A split-plot field experiment near Solan, Himachal Pradesh, tested the following Grewia optiva tree spacings as main plots: S1 10 m × 1 m, S2 10 m × 2 m, S3 10 m × 3 m, and sole cropping (S0—Open) of pea (Pisum sativum L.). Pea cultivation included the following six fertilizer treatments as subplots: control (no application), farmyard manure (FYM), vermicompost (VC), Jeevamrut, FYM + VC, and the recommended dose of fertilizers (RDFs), each replicated three times. The results indicated that the leaves, branches, total biomass, carbon density, and carbon sequestration rate of G. optiva alleys at 10 m × 1 m were greater than those at the other spacings. However, peas intercropped at 10 m × 3 m produced the highest yield (5.72 t ha−1). Compared with monocropping, G. optiva-based agroforestry significantly improved soil properties. Among fertilizers, FYM had the highest yield (6.04 t ha−1) and improved soil health. The most lucrative practice was the use of peas under a 10 m × 1 m spacing with FYM, with economic gains of 2046.1 USD ha−1. This study suggests integrating pea intercropping with G. optiva at broader spacing (10 m × 3 m) and using FYM for optimal carbon sequestration, soil health, and economic returns, and this approach is recommended for the region’s agroecosystems.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
G. optiva alleys at 10 m × 1 m had greater leaves, branches and total biomass than other spacings.
- Taxon
- G. optiva
Grewia optivae0 - Treatment
- 10 m × 1 me0
- Outcome
- leaves, branches, total biomasse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- the other spacingse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the leaves, branches, total biomass, carbon density, and carbon sequestration rate of G. optiva alleys at 10 m × 1 m were greater than those at the other spacings.”
Claim · model-written summary
G. optiva alleys at 10 m × 1 m had greater carbon density and sequestration rate than other spacings.
- Taxon
- G. optivaGrewia optivae0
- Treatment
- 10 m × 1 me0
- Outcome
- carbon density, and carbon sequestration ratee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- the other spacingse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the leaves, branches, total biomass, carbon density, and carbon sequestration rate of G. optiva alleys at 10 m × 1 m were greater than those at the other spacings.”
Claim · model-written summary
Peas intercropped at 10 m × 3 m yielded 5.72 t ha−1, the highest yield.
- Taxon
- Pea
Lathyrus oleraceust0 - Treatment
- 10 m × 3 me0
- Interactor
- Grewia optivaGrewia optivat0other
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 5.72 t ha−1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“peas intercropped at 10 m × 3 m produced the highest yield (5.72 t ha−1).”
t0“Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Crop Production under a Grewia optiva-Based Agroforestry System”
Claim · model-written summary
G. optiva agroforestry significantly improved soil properties compared with monocropping.
- Taxon
- G. optivaGrewia optivae0
- Treatment
- G. optiva-based agroforestrye0
- Outcome
- soil propertiese0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- monocroppinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with monocropping, G. optiva-based agroforestry significantly improved soil properties.”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM gave the highest pea yield of 6.04 t ha−1.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- FYMe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 6.04 t ha−1e0
- Comparator
- fertilizerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among fertilizers, FYM had the highest yield (6.04 t ha−1) and improved soil health.”
t0“Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Crop Production under a Grewia optiva-Based Agroforestry System”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM improved soil health.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- FYMe0
- Outcome
- soil healthe0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among fertilizers, FYM had the highest yield (6.04 t ha−1) and improved soil health.”
t0“Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Crop Production under a Grewia optiva-Based Agroforestry System”
Claim · model-written summary
Peas under 10 m × 1 m spacing with FYM gave the greatest economic gains, 2046.1 USD ha−1.
- Taxon
- peasLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- 10 m × 1 m spacing with FYMe0
- Outcome
- economic gainse0
- Direction
- most lucrativee0
- Value
- 2046.1 USD ha−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The most lucrative practice was the use of peas under a 10 m × 1 m spacing with FYM, with economic gains of 2046.1 USD ha−1.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommended pea intercropping with G. optiva at 10 m × 3 m and FYM for the region.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Outcome
- integrating pea intercropping with G. optiva at broader spacing (10 m × 3 m) and using FYMe0
- Setting
- region’s agroecosystemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This study suggests integrating pea intercropping with G. optiva at broader spacing (10 m × 3 m) and using FYM for optimal carbon sequestration, soil health, and economic returns, and this approach is recommended for the region’s agroecosystems.”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · yield · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results
215 papers in the same direction as this paper · 23 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
236 papers more in this group
See all 240 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.