Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during 2022-23 and 2023-24 at Instructional-cum-Research Farm, Raj Mohini Devi College of Agriculture and Research Station, Ambikapur, Chhattisgarh to study the effect of various residue and nutrient management options on performance of maize-mustard system. The trial consisted of twelve treatment combinations including four vertical factors i.e., Residue removal, Residue incorporation, Residue incorporation + spray of microbial consortium on residue and Zero-tillage + residue retention and spray of microbial consortium on residue and three horizontal factors i.e., 100% RDF, 100% RDN and P and 50% RDK and 75% RDF + 5 t FYM/ha arranged in strip plot design with three replications. The results revealed that significantly higher grain yield (6443 and 1150 kg/ha respectively), stover yield of maize and mustard, respectively and maize equivalent yield and production efficiency of system were obtained with adoption of residue incorporation + spray of microbial consortium, which was at par to residue incorporation and zero-tillage + residue retention and spray of microbial consortium. Among nutrient management options, grain yield (6882.1 and 1174.2 kg/ha), stover yield of maize and mustard, respectively and maize equivalent yield and production efficiency of system were recorded under 100% RDF. The highest gross return (₹ 139.8 and 68.80 × 103/ha) was recorded under residue incorporation + spray of microbial consortium, while net return (₹ 95.83 and 37.05 × 103/ha) and B: C ratio (2.36 and 1.34) were recorded maximum under zero-tillage + residue retention and spray of microbial consortium, followed by residue incorporation + spray of microbial consortium and residue incorporation. Among the nutrient management options, the 100% RDF treatment yielded the highest mean gross return (₹ 149.2 and 70.22 × 103/ha), net return (₹ 104.7 and 37.8 × 103/ha) and benefit-cost ratio (2.35 and 1.18) followed by 100% RDN and P with 50% RDK for maize and mustard, respectively.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Residue incorporation plus microbial consortium gave maize grain yield of 6443 kg/ha.
- Treatment
- residue incorporation + spray of microbial consortiume0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 6443e0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize-mustard”
e0“significantly higher grain yield (6443 and 1150 kg/ha respectively), stover yield of maize and mustard, respectively and maize equivalent yield and production efficiency of system were obtained with adoption of residue incorporation + spray of microbial consortium, which was at par to residue incorporation and zero-tillage + residue retention and spray of microbial consortium”
Claim · model-written summary
Residue incorporation plus microbial consortium gave mustard grain yield of 1150 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- mustardt0
- Treatment
- residue incorporation + spray of microbial consortiume0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 1150e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“maize-mustard”
e0“significantly higher grain yield (6443 and 1150 kg/ha respectively), stover yield of maize and mustard, respectively and maize equivalent yield and production efficiency of system were obtained with adoption of residue incorporation + spray of microbial consortium, which was at par to residue incorporation and zero-tillage + residue retention and spray of microbial consortium”
Claim · model-written summary
Residue incorporation plus microbial consortium gave higher stover yield of maize and mustard.
- Treatment
- residue incorporation + spray of microbial consortiume0
- Outcome
- stover yield of maize and mustarde0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize-mustard”
e0“significantly higher grain yield (6443 and 1150 kg/ha respectively), stover yield of maize and mustard, respectively and maize equivalent yield and production efficiency of system were obtained with adoption of residue incorporation + spray of microbial consortium, which was at par to residue incorporation and zero-tillage + residue retention and spray of microbial consortium”
Claim · model-written summary
Residue incorporation plus microbial consortium gave higher maize equivalent yield.
- Treatment
- residue incorporation + spray of microbial consortiume0
- Outcome
- maize equivalent yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize-mustard”
e0“significantly higher grain yield (6443 and 1150 kg/ha respectively), stover yield of maize and mustard, respectively and maize equivalent yield and production efficiency of system were obtained with adoption of residue incorporation + spray of microbial consortium, which was at par to residue incorporation and zero-tillage + residue retention and spray of microbial consortium”
Claim · model-written summary
Under 100% RDF, maize grain yield was 6882.1 kg/ha.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize-mustard”
e0“grain yield (6882.1 and 1174.2 kg/ha), stover yield of maize and mustard, respectively and maize equivalent yield and production efficiency of system were recorded under 100% RDF”
Claim · model-written summary
Under 100% RDF, mustard grain yield was 1174.2 kg/ha.
Verbatim
t0“maize-mustard”
e0“grain yield (6882.1 and 1174.2 kg/ha), stover yield of maize and mustard, respectively and maize equivalent yield and production efficiency of system were recorded under 100% RDF”
Claim · model-written summary
Under 100% RDF, stover yield of maize and mustard was recorded.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize-mustard”
e0“grain yield (6882.1 and 1174.2 kg/ha), stover yield of maize and mustard, respectively and maize equivalent yield and production efficiency of system were recorded under 100% RDF”
Claim · model-written summary
Under 100% RDF, maize equivalent yield was recorded.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize-mustard”
e0“grain yield (6882.1 and 1174.2 kg/ha), stover yield of maize and mustard, respectively and maize equivalent yield and production efficiency of system were recorded under 100% RDF”
Claim · model-written summary
Residue incorporation plus consortium gave highest gross return for maize.
- Treatment
- residue incorporation + spray of microbial consortiume0
- Outcome
- gross returne0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- ₹ 139.8e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize-mustard”
e0“The highest gross return (₹ 139.8 and 68.80 × 103/ha) was recorded under residue incorporation + spray of microbial consortium, while net return (₹ 95.83 and 37.05 × 103/ha) and B: C ratio (2.36 and 1.34) were recorded maximum under zero-tillage + residue retention and spray of microbial consortium”
Claim · model-written summary
Residue incorporation plus consortium gave highest gross return for mustard.
- Taxon
- mustardt0
- Treatment
- residue incorporation + spray of microbial consortiume0
- Outcome
- gross returne0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 68.80 × 103/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“maize-mustard”
e0“The highest gross return (₹ 139.8 and 68.80 × 103/ha) was recorded under residue incorporation + spray of microbial consortium, while net return (₹ 95.83 and 37.05 × 103/ha) and B: C ratio (2.36 and 1.34) were recorded maximum under zero-tillage + residue retention and spray of microbial consortium”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage with residue retention and consortium maximized net return for maize.
- Treatment
- zero-tillage + residue retention and spray of microbial consortiume0
- Outcome
- net returne0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- ₹ 95.83e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize-mustard”
e0“The highest gross return (₹ 139.8 and 68.80 × 103/ha) was recorded under residue incorporation + spray of microbial consortium, while net return (₹ 95.83 and 37.05 × 103/ha) and B: C ratio (2.36 and 1.34) were recorded maximum under zero-tillage + residue retention and spray of microbial consortium”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage with residue retention and consortium maximized net return for mustard.
- Taxon
- mustardt0
- Treatment
- zero-tillage + residue retention and spray of microbial consortiume0
- Outcome
- net returne0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 37.05 × 103/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“maize-mustard”
e0“The highest gross return (₹ 139.8 and 68.80 × 103/ha) was recorded under residue incorporation + spray of microbial consortium, while net return (₹ 95.83 and 37.05 × 103/ha) and B: C ratio (2.36 and 1.34) were recorded maximum under zero-tillage + residue retention and spray of microbial consortium”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage with residue retention and consortium maximized B: C ratio for maize.
- Treatment
- zero-tillage + residue retention and spray of microbial consortiume0
- Outcome
- B: C ratioe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 2.36e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize-mustard”
e0“The highest gross return (₹ 139.8 and 68.80 × 103/ha) was recorded under residue incorporation + spray of microbial consortium, while net return (₹ 95.83 and 37.05 × 103/ha) and B: C ratio (2.36 and 1.34) were recorded maximum under zero-tillage + residue retention and spray of microbial consortium”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage with residue retention and consortium maximized B: C ratio for mustard.
- Taxon
- mustardt0
- Treatment
- zero-tillage + residue retention and spray of microbial consortiume0
- Outcome
- B: C ratioe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 1.34e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“maize-mustard”
e0“The highest gross return (₹ 139.8 and 68.80 × 103/ha) was recorded under residue incorporation + spray of microbial consortium, while net return (₹ 95.83 and 37.05 × 103/ha) and B: C ratio (2.36 and 1.34) were recorded maximum under zero-tillage + residue retention and spray of microbial consortium”
Claim · model-written summary
100% RDF gave highest mean gross return for maize.
- Treatment
- 100% RDFe0
- Outcome
- gross returne0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- ₹ 149.2e0
- Comparator
- 100% RDN and P with 50% RDKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize-mustard”
e0“the 100% RDF treatment yielded the highest mean gross return (₹ 149.2 and 70.22 × 103/ha), net return (₹ 104.7 and 37.8 × 103/ha) and benefit-cost ratio (2.35 and 1.18) followed by 100% RDN and P with 50% RDK for maize and mustard, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
100% RDF gave highest mean gross return for mustard.
Verbatim
t0“maize-mustard”
e0“the 100% RDF treatment yielded the highest mean gross return (₹ 149.2 and 70.22 × 103/ha), net return (₹ 104.7 and 37.8 × 103/ha) and benefit-cost ratio (2.35 and 1.18) followed by 100% RDN and P with 50% RDK for maize and mustard, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
100% RDF gave highest mean net return for maize.
- Treatment
- 100% RDFe0
- Outcome
- net returne0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- ₹ 104.7e0
- Comparator
- 100% RDN and P with 50% RDKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize-mustard”
e0“the 100% RDF treatment yielded the highest mean gross return (₹ 149.2 and 70.22 × 103/ha), net return (₹ 104.7 and 37.8 × 103/ha) and benefit-cost ratio (2.35 and 1.18) followed by 100% RDN and P with 50% RDK for maize and mustard, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
100% RDF gave highest mean net return for mustard.
Verbatim
t0“maize-mustard”
e0“the 100% RDF treatment yielded the highest mean gross return (₹ 149.2 and 70.22 × 103/ha), net return (₹ 104.7 and 37.8 × 103/ha) and benefit-cost ratio (2.35 and 1.18) followed by 100% RDN and P with 50% RDK for maize and mustard, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
100% RDF gave highest mean benefit-cost ratio for maize.
- Treatment
- 100% RDFe0
- Outcome
- benefit-cost ratioe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 2.35e0
- Comparator
- 100% RDN and P with 50% RDKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize-mustard”
e0“the 100% RDF treatment yielded the highest mean gross return (₹ 149.2 and 70.22 × 103/ha), net return (₹ 104.7 and 37.8 × 103/ha) and benefit-cost ratio (2.35 and 1.18) followed by 100% RDN and P with 50% RDK for maize and mustard, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
100% RDF gave highest mean benefit-cost ratio for mustard.
Verbatim
t0“maize-mustard”
e0“the 100% RDF treatment yielded the highest mean gross return (₹ 149.2 and 70.22 × 103/ha), net return (₹ 104.7 and 37.8 × 103/ha) and benefit-cost ratio (2.35 and 1.18) followed by 100% RDN and P with 50% RDK for maize and mustard, respectively”
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