Abstract
Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and soil heavy metal pollution affect crop safety and production. Exposure to elevated CO 2 (ECO 2 ) increases cadmium (Cd) uptake in some crops like wheat and rice, however, it remains unclear how ECO 2 affects Cd uptake by Brassica napus . Here, we investigated the responses of B. napus seedlings exposed to ECO 2 and Cd through analyses of physiology, transcriptome , metabolome , and rhizosphere microbes. Compared with Cd-stress alone (Cd50_ACO 2 ), ECO 2 boosted the uptake of Cd by B. napus roots by 38.78% under coupled stresses (Cd50_ECO 2 ). The biomass and leaf chlorophyll a content increased by 38.49% and 79.66% respectively in Cd50_ECO 2 relative to Cd50_ACO 2 . Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) enhanced by 8.42% and 185.01%, respectively, while glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (AsA) contents increased by 16.44% and 52.48%, and abundances of rhizosphere microbes changed significantly under coupled stresses (Cd50_ECO 2 ) relative to Cd-stress alone (Cd50_ACO 2 ). Also, the upregulation of glutathione , glutathione transferase genes, and heavy metal ATPase expression promoted the detoxification effect of rapeseed on Cd. Changes in the expression of transcription factors like MAPK , WRKY, BAK1 and PR1, as well as changes in metabolic pathways like β-alanine, may be involved in the regulatory mechanism of stress response. These findings provide new insights for studying the regulatory mechanism of rapeseed under ECO 2 on soil Cd stress, and also provide a basis for further research on Cd tolerant rapeseed varieties in the future climate context.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 increased root Cd uptake by 38.78% under Cd stress.
- Taxon
- B. napus
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napuse0 - Treatment
- ECO 2e0
- Outcome
- uptake of Cd by B. napus rootse0
- Direction
- boostede0
- Value
- 38.78%e0
- Comparator
- Cd-stress alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Compared with Cd-stress alone (Cd50_ACO 2 ), ECO 2 boosted the uptake of Cd by B. napus roots by 38.78% under coupled stresses (Cd50_ECO 2 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 increased biomass by 38.49% under Cd stress.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- Cd50_ECO 2e0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 38.49%e0
- Comparator
- Cd50_ACO 2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus”
e0“The biomass and leaf chlorophyll a content increased by 38.49% and 79.66% respectively in Cd50_ECO 2 relative to Cd50_ACO 2”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 increased leaf chlorophyll a content by 79.66% under Cd stress.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- Cd50_ECO 2e0
- Outcome
- leaf chlorophyll a contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 79.66%e0
- Comparator
- Cd50_ACO 2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus”
e0“The biomass and leaf chlorophyll a content increased by 38.49% and 79.66% respectively in Cd50_ECO 2 relative to Cd50_ACO 2”
Claim · model-written summary
Superoxide dismutase activity increased by 8.42% under coupled stresses.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- Cd50_ECO 2e0
- Gene
- superoxide dismutasee0
- Outcome
- Activities of superoxide dismutasee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 8.42%e0
- Comparator
- Cd50_ACO 2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus”
e0“Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) enhanced by 8.42% and 185.01%, respectively, while glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (AsA) contents increased by 16.44% and 52.48%, and abundances of rhizosphere microbes changed significantly under coupled stresses (Cd50_ECO 2 ) relative to Cd-stress alone (Cd50_ACO 2 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Peroxidase activity increased by 185.01% under coupled stresses.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- Cd50_ECO 2e0
- Gene
- peroxidasee0
- Outcome
- peroxidase (POD)e0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 185.01%e0
- Comparator
- Cd50_ACO 2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus”
e0“Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) enhanced by 8.42% and 185.01%, respectively, while glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (AsA) contents increased by 16.44% and 52.48%, and abundances of rhizosphere microbes changed significantly under coupled stresses (Cd50_ECO 2 ) relative to Cd-stress alone (Cd50_ACO 2 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Glutathione content increased by 16.44% under coupled stresses.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- Cd50_ECO 2e0
- Outcome
- glutathione (GSH)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 16.44%e0
- Comparator
- Cd50_ACO 2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus”
e0“Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) enhanced by 8.42% and 185.01%, respectively, while glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (AsA) contents increased by 16.44% and 52.48%, and abundances of rhizosphere microbes changed significantly under coupled stresses (Cd50_ECO 2 ) relative to Cd-stress alone (Cd50_ACO 2 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbic acid content increased by 52.48% under coupled stresses.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- Cd50_ECO 2e0
- Outcome
- ascorbic acid (AsA) contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 52.48%e0
- Comparator
- Cd50_ACO 2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus”
e0“Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) enhanced by 8.42% and 185.01%, respectively, while glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (AsA) contents increased by 16.44% and 52.48%, and abundances of rhizosphere microbes changed significantly under coupled stresses (Cd50_ECO 2 ) relative to Cd-stress alone (Cd50_ACO 2 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizosphere microbe abundances changed significantly under coupled stresses.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- Cd50_ECO 2e0
- Interactor
- rhizosphere microbese0other
- Outcome
- abundances of rhizosphere microbese0
- Comparator
- Cd50_ACO 2e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus”
e0“abundances of rhizosphere microbes changed significantly under coupled stresses (Cd50_ECO 2 ) relative to Cd-stress alone (Cd50_ACO 2 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Upregulation of glutathione and glutathione transferase genes and heavy metal ATPase expression promoted Cd detoxification.
Verbatim
e0“the upregulation of glutathione , glutathione transferase genes, and heavy metal ATPase expression promoted the detoxification effect of rapeseed on Cd”
Claim · model-written summary
Changes in MAPK, WRKY, BAK1 and PR1 expression may contribute to stress response regulation.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Gene
- MAPKe0
- Outcome
- regulatory mechanism of stress responsee0
- Qualifier
- may be involvede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus”
e0“Changes in the expression of transcription factors like MAPK , WRKY, BAK1 and PR1, as well as changes in metabolic pathways like β-alanine, may be involved in the regulatory mechanism of stress response”
Claim · model-written summary
Changes in β-alanine pathways may contribute to stress response regulation.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Compound
- β-alaninee0
- Outcome
- regulatory mechanism of stress responsee0
- Qualifier
- may be involvede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus”
e0“changes in metabolic pathways like β-alanine, may be involved in the regulatory mechanism of stress response”
The same questions in other papers
co2 · nutrient: content · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.